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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Integrated circuit having processor and bridging capabilities
    • 集成电路具有处理器和桥接功能
    • US07596652B2
    • 2009-09-29
    • US10846459
    • 2004-05-14
    • Mark A. SchmisseurDeif N. Atallah
    • Mark A. SchmisseurDeif N. Atallah
    • G06F13/36
    • G06F13/4027
    • An apparatus according to one embodiment may include an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit may include a processor, a bridge, and circuitry capable of coupling the bridge and the processor to a first bus and to a second bus. The first bus may be compatible with a first bus protocol, the second bus may be compatible with a second bus protocol, and the first and second bus protocols may be different from each other. The bridge may be capable of, in response at least in part to a request from the processor, preventing a command received at the bridge via the first bus from being forwarded from the bridge to the second bus. Of course, many alternatives, variations, and modifications are possible without departing from this embodiment.
    • 根据一个实施例的装置可以包括集成电路。 集成电路可以包括处理器,桥接器和能够将桥接器和处理器耦合到第一总线和第二总线的电路。 第一总线可以与第一总线协议兼容,第二总线可以与第二总线协议兼容,并且第一和第二总线协议可以彼此不同。 至少部分地响应于来自处理器的请求,桥可以能够阻止经由第一总线在桥接处接收的命令从桥接器转发到第二总线。 当然,在不偏离本实施例的情况下,可以进行许多替代,变化和修改。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PHASE CHANGE MEMORY DRIFT MANAGEMENT
    • 相位变化管理的设备和方法
    • US20140006696A1
    • 2014-01-02
    • US13994116
    • 2011-12-20
    • Raj K. RamanujanMark A. Schmisseur
    • Raj K. RamanujanMark A. Schmisseur
    • G06F12/02
    • G06F12/0246G06F12/0866G06F2212/214G11C13/0004G11C13/004G11C13/0061G11C16/3418G11C2013/0054G11C2013/0057
    • A system and method are described for selecting a demarcation voltage for read and write operations. Embodiments of the invention provide a scheme to use multiple VDMs to cover the case where power-on drift is different from power-off drift of the PCMS cells. The controller automatically manages this through tracking refreshes and writes. In addition, the embodiments of the invention provide an efficient scheme to reduce the performance impact of the penalty box following a write by tracking recent write addresses through a hash-table or similar scheme. By way of example, a method in accordance with one embodiment comprises: detecting a read operation directed to a first block of a PCMS memory; determining whether a write operation has previously occurred to the first block within a specified amount of time prior to the read operation; using a first demarcation voltage (VDM) for the read operation if the write operation has previously occurred to the first block within the specified amount of time prior to the write operation; and using a second VDM for the read operation if the write operation has not previously occurred to the first block within the specified amount of time prior to the write or refresh operation.
    • 描述了用于选择用于读取和写入操作的分界电压的系统和方法。 本发明的实施例提供了使用多个VDM来覆盖上电漂移与PCMS单元的断电漂移不同的情况的方案。 控制器通过跟踪刷新和写入自动进行管理。 此外,本发明的实施例提供了一种有效的方案,以通过通过散列表或类似方案跟踪最近的写入地址来减少写入之后的惩罚盒的性能影响。 作为示例,根据一个实施例的方法包括:检测针对PCMS存储器的第一块的读取操作; 在所述读取操作之前的指定时间内确定是否先前对所述第一块发生了写入操作; 如果在写操作之前的指定时间内先前已经对第一块发生写操作,则使用第一分界电压(VDM)作为读操作; 以及如果在所述写入或刷新操作之前的所述指定时间量内的所述第一块以前没有发生写入操作,则使用第二VDM进行所述读取​​操作。