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1. 发明授权

US4702784A Process for production of a tungsten carbide-activated electrode 失效
标题翻译：生产碳化钨活化电极的方法
公开(公告)号：US4702784A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-27
申请号：US741637
申请日：1985-06-05
申请人： Aristides Naoumidis , Herbert Neumeister , Arno Schirbach , Bernd D. Struck , Dieter Triefenbach
发明人： Aristides Naoumidis , Herbert Neumeister , Arno Schirbach , Bernd D. Struck , Dieter Triefenbach
IPC分类号： C25B11/04 , C25B11/12 , C25B1/22
CPC分类号： C25B11/0447 , C25B11/12
摘要： A process is disclosed for the production of a tungsten carbide-activated electrode, particularly an electrode which is utilizable as a cathode, and which consists of an electrically-conductive substrate with an active surface layer of tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide is adhesively bonded through chemical reaction to the surface of a substrate which is constituted of graphite or a graphite-like material. The graphite-like material is a graphite binder mixture, whose binder material components, other than the graphitic filler granules, are only carbonized, and may not be completely graphited.
摘要翻译：公开了用于生产碳化钨活化电极，特别是可用作阴极的电极，并且由具有碳化钨活性表面层的导电基底组成的方法。通过化学反应将碳化钨粘结到由石墨或石墨状材料构成的基板的表面上。石墨状材料是石墨粘合剂混合物，其除了石墨填料颗粒之外的粘合剂材料成分仅被碳化，并且可能不完全石墨化。

2. 发明授权

US4873121A Cathode/membrane assembly and method of making same 失效
标题翻译：阴极/膜组件及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4873121A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-10
申请号：US118416
申请日：1987-11-06
申请人： Bernd D. Struck , Herbert Neumeister , Aristides Naoumidis
发明人： Bernd D. Struck , Herbert Neumeister , Aristides Naoumidis
IPC分类号： C25B11/04 , C25B9/10
CPC分类号： C25B9/10
摘要： A cathode/membrane assembly for an electrolysis cell capable of producing hydrogen in a cathode compartment, utilizes as the cathode material on a proton-permeable solid-electrolite ion-exchange membrane, a layer of porous graphite in the form of carbonaceous fibers coated with tungsten carbide. The graphite felt can be impregnated with an aqueous solution of para-ammoniumtungstate or with an alcoholic solution of tungsten hexachloride and the tungsten compounds are then converted to the tungsten oxides. The tungsten oxide coated graphite felt is then subjected to carburization at a temperature of 620.degree. to 950.degree. C. in a carburizing atmosphere, preferably a flowing CO/CO.sub.2 mixture.
摘要翻译：用于在阴极室中产生氢的电解池的阴极/膜组件在质子可渗透的固体 - 电石离子交换膜上用作阴极材料，涂覆有钨的碳质纤维形式的多孔石墨层碳化物。石墨毡可以用钨酸钨铵水溶液或六氯化钨的醇溶液浸渍，然后将钨化合物转化成钨氧化物。然后将氧化钨涂覆的石墨毡在渗碳气氛中，优选流动的CO / CO 2混合物中，在620℃至950℃的温度下进行渗碳。

3. 发明授权

US4762269A Method of joining molded silicon carbide parts 失效
标题翻译：连接成型碳化硅部件的方法
公开(公告)号：US4762269A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-09
申请号：US866597
申请日：1986-05-23
申请人： Erno Gyarmati , Aristides Naoumidis
发明人： Erno Gyarmati , Aristides Naoumidis
IPC分类号： C04B37/00 , B23K35/368
CPC分类号： C04B35/645 , C04B37/006 , C04B2235/6562 , C04B2235/6582 , C04B2237/122 , C04B2237/123 , C04B2237/124 , C04B2237/125 , C04B2237/365 , C04B2237/568 , C04B2237/708 , C04B2237/765 , Y10S228/903
摘要： Silicon carbon molded parts, whether made of silicon carbide sintered together in the absence of pressure or hot pressed silicon carbide are bonded together at close fitting surfaces by applying a layer not thicker than 1 .mu.m on polished surfaces to be joined, containing at least one carbide and/or silicide forming element from the group Ag, Al, Au, B, Be, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ta, Ti, V, W and Zr. The surfaces to be joined are than fitted together and heated in an inert or reducing atomosphere at a pressure between 10.sup.-1 and 10.sup.-5 Pa at temperatures in the range 800.degree. to 2200.degree. C. while under a pressure applied which is between 1 and 100 MPa. In particular, the heat treatment range from 1550.degree. C. to 1750.degree. C. under a pressure of 15 to 45 MPa applied pressure in argon at a pressure of from 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.5 Pa argon, for 30 to 60 minutes. Preferably a thin layer is vapor-deposited or sputtered. Cr, Cu, Ni, Pt and/or Pd, and especially Cu and its alloys, have been found particularly effective.
摘要翻译：在不存在压力的情况下烧结在一起的碳化硅或热压碳化硅的碳碳成型部件在紧密配合的表面上通过在要接合的抛光表面上施加不大于1μm的层而粘合在一起，其中至少包含一个碳化物和/或硅化物形成元素，来自Ag，Al，Au，B，Be，Co，Cr，Cu，Fe，Mg，Mn，Mo，Nb，Ni，Pd，Pt，Ta，Ti，V，W和 Zr。待连接的表面不能装配在一起，并且在惰性或还原性空气中在10-1和10-5 Pa之间的压力下在800°至2200℃的温度下加热，同时在施加的压力为1 和100MPa。特别地，热处理范围为1550℃至1750℃，压力为15〜45MPa，氩气压力为氩气103〜105Pa氩气30〜60分钟。优选地，气相沉积或溅射薄层。已经发现Cr，Cu，Ni，Pt和/或Pd，特别是Cu及其合金特别有效。

4. 发明授权

US4564496A Method of making porous silicon carbide bodies 失效
标题翻译：制造多孔碳化硅体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4564496A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-14
申请号：US742654
申请日：1985-06-10
申请人： Ashok K. Gupta , Erno Gyarmati , Hermann Kreutz , Rudolf Munzer , Aristides Naoumidis , Hubertus Nickel
发明人： Ashok K. Gupta , Erno Gyarmati , Hermann Kreutz , Rudolf Munzer , Aristides Naoumidis , Hubertus Nickel
IPC分类号： C04B38/00 , C04B35/573 , C04B41/50 , C01B31/36
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B35/573 , C04B38/00 , C04B41/5059
摘要： Porous silicon carbide bodies are obtained by starting with a powder of particle size falling within a single sieve mesh range fraction and consisting either entirely of carbon particles or a mixture of carbon and silicon carbide particles of the same mesh fraction is mixed or coated with 15 to 30% by weight of a binder, moulded to shape, warmed in the temperature range from 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. to vaporize volatile material and then coked at a temperature rising to 850.degree. C. Then it is siliconized by raising the temperature to the range from 1650.degree. to 1950.degree. C. with gaseous silicon or impregnated with silicon by dipping the body into a silicon melt and convert it to carbide, with the excess silicon thereafter being removed by vaporizing out or by boiling in lye. Sieve mesh fractions in the region of a few hundred .mu.m are preferred, and the density of the porous body after pressing but before siliconizing should lie in the neighborhood of 0.6 to 0.7 g/cm.sup.3.
摘要翻译：多孔碳化硅体是通过以粒度落入单一筛网范围级分的粉末开始获得的，并且完全由碳颗粒组成，或者将相同网眼级分的碳和碳化硅颗粒的混合物混合或涂覆至15至 30重量％的粘合剂，模塑成型，在40℃至200℃的温度范围内加热，蒸发挥发性物质，然后在升至850℃的温度下焦化。然后将其升温至通过将体积浸入硅熔体中并将其转化为碳化物，然后通过蒸发或通过在碱液中沸腾而除去过量的硅，从1650℃至1950℃的范围内，用气态硅或硅浸渍。优选在几百微米范围内的筛网部分，压制后但在硅化之前的多孔体的密度应在0.6至0.7克/厘米3附近。

5. 发明授权

US4961529A Method and components for bonding a silicon carbide molded part to another such part or to a metallic part 失效
标题翻译：用于将碳化硅模制部件接合到另一个这种部件或金属部件的方法和部件
公开(公告)号：US4961529A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-09
申请号：US287342
申请日：1988-12-20
申请人： Bernd Gottselig , Erno Gyarmati , Aristides Naoumidis
发明人： Bernd Gottselig , Erno Gyarmati , Aristides Naoumidis
IPC分类号： B23K20/00 , C04B37/00 , C04B37/02
CPC分类号： C04B35/645 , C04B37/003 , C04B37/005 , C04B37/025 , C04B2235/6562 , C04B2235/6582 , C04B2235/963 , C04B2237/083 , C04B2237/365 , C04B2237/405 , C04B2237/406 , C04B2237/52 , C04B2237/567 , C04B2237/568 , C04B2237/60 , C04B2237/708 , Y10T428/264 , Y10T428/266
摘要： A layer of titanium carbosilicide Ti.sub.3 SiC.sub.2 on a silicon carbide surface polished for making a joint makes it possible to join silicon carbide bodies together in a hot pressing procedure and obtaining a joint strength comparable to the strength of the silicon carbide material. Such a layer on silicon carbide also makes possible brazed juoints with steel alloy or nickel based alloy parts. The layer may be applied directly by a powder dispersion in a volatile but viscous glycol or by sputtering or else the layer can be made in place from a powder mixture of components, especially TiC.sub.0,8 and Tisi.sub.2 (5:1) or a titanium layer of a thickness in the range of 1 to 3 .mu.m that reacts with the silicon carbide surface. When silicon carbide parts are joined together, the heating up to make the joint also serves to convert a titanium layer into titanium carbosilicide. When silicon carbide is to be joined with metal, a preliminary heating step is necessary to at first convert a powder mixture or a titanium layer on the silicon carbide surface to Ti.sub.3 SiC.sub.2. Alternatively a Ti.sub.3 SiC.sub. 2 surface layer can be formed by a sputtering process. The Ti.sub.3 SiC.sub.2 layer favors brazing of the metal part to the silicon carbide surface as treated. The heating requires reaching a temperature in the region from 1200.degree. to 1600.degree. C. for periods between a half hour to about three hours in the presence of a reducing protective gas.
摘要翻译：在用于制造接头的碳化硅表面上的碳化硅硅钛酸Ti3SiC2层可以在热压步骤中将碳化硅体连接在一起，并获得与碳化硅材料的强度相当的接合强度。这种碳化硅层也可以用钢合金或镍基合金部件进行铜焊接。该层可以通过粉末分散体直接施加在挥发性但粘稠的二醇中或通过溅射，或者可以从组分的粉末混合物，特别是TiC0,8和Tisi2（5:1）的粉末混合物或钛层厚度在1至3μm的范围内，与碳化硅表面反应。当碳化硅部分接合在一起时，加热至接合还用于将钛层转化为碳硅化钛。当碳化硅与金属接合时，需要预加热步骤，以便首先将碳化硅表面上的粉末混合物或钛层转化为Ti 3 SiC 2。或者，可以通过溅射工艺形成Ti 3 SiC 2表面层。 Ti3SiC2层有利于金属部分对被处理的碳化硅表面的钎焊。加热需要在还原保护气体的存在下，在1200℃至1600℃的温度范围内达到半小时至约3小时。

6. 发明授权

US4722762A Method of making shaped bodies of silicon carbide or of graphite or graphite-like material with a silicon carbide surface 失效
标题翻译：用碳化硅表面制造碳化硅或石墨或石墨状材料的成形体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4722762A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-02
申请号：US552846
申请日：1983-11-16
申请人： Hartmut Luhleich , Francisco Dias , Ashok K. Gupta , Erno Gyarmati , Marian Kampel , Rudolf Munzer , Aristides Naoumidis
发明人： Hartmut Luhleich , Francisco Dias , Ashok K. Gupta , Erno Gyarmati , Marian Kampel , Rudolf Munzer , Aristides Naoumidis
IPC分类号： C04B38/00 , B32B18/00 , C04B35/573 , C04B37/00 , C04B41/87 , F28F21/02 , C09J5/00
CPC分类号： C04B37/001 , C04B35/573 , C04B37/005 , F28F21/02 , C04B2237/083 , C04B2237/16 , C04B2237/363 , C04B2237/365 , C04B2237/60 , C04B2237/61 , C04B2237/76 , C04B2237/80 , C04B2237/86 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31536
摘要： A method of making shaped bodies of silicon carbide, of graphite coated with silicon carbide or of a graphite-like material with a silicon carbide surface wherein a graphitic body is assembled from preformed parts in the desired shape and is immersed, under a chemically inert atmosphere, in a silicon melt and after penetration of the melt into gaps between abutting surfaces of the body and after reaction of the silicon with the graphite or the graphite-like material to form silicon carbide at the junctions, the body is removed from the melt and is cooled in a chemically inert atmosphere.
摘要翻译：一种制造碳化硅成形体的方法，其中涂覆有碳化硅或具有碳化硅表面的石墨状材料的石墨，其中石墨体由预期部分以期望的形状组装并浸没在化学惰性气氛下在硅熔体中，并且在将熔体渗透到主体的邻接表面之间的间隙中并且在硅与石墨或石墨状材料反应之后，在接合处形成碳化硅，将体从熔体中去除，在化学惰性气氛中冷却。

7. 发明授权

US4487644A Binderless weld-bonding of preshaped sic-base parts into solid bodies 失效
标题翻译：预成型的锡基部分粘结到固体中
公开(公告)号：US4487644A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-11
申请号：US423458
申请日：1982-09-24
申请人： Ashok K. Gupta , Ernoe Gyarmati , Hermann Kreutz , Rudolf Muenzer , Aristides Naoumidis
发明人： Ashok K. Gupta , Ernoe Gyarmati , Hermann Kreutz , Rudolf Muenzer , Aristides Naoumidis
IPC分类号： C04B35/573 , C04B37/00 , C03B29/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/573 , C04B37/001 , C04B2235/6567 , C04B2235/658 , C04B2235/6581 , C04B2237/32 , C04B2237/365 , C04B2237/525 , C04B2237/568
摘要： Component bodies of silicon carbide base material, at least in their surface layers, are welded together without the provision of a binder at finely polished joining surfaces by virtue of the fact that at least one of the joint surfaces is of a silicon carbide material containing an excess of silicon (SiSiC). The component bodies are kept closely fitted together especially by an additional pressing force of at least 0.1 kg/cm.sup.2 during a heating stage at atmospheric or lower pressure at a temperature in the range from 1500.degree. C. to 1800.degree. C. for 15 to 100 minutes in an inert atmosphere, the excess of silicon at the boundary making it possible for silicon carbide crystal growth to take place across the boundary.
摘要翻译：至少在它们的表面层中的碳化硅基材的组分主体被焊接在一起，而不需要在精细抛光的接合表面上提供粘合剂，因为至少一个接合表面是含有碳化硅材料的碳化硅材料过量的硅（SiSiC）。在大气压或更低压力的加热阶段，在1500℃至1800℃的温度下，组分体保持紧密地装配在一起，特别是通过至少0.1kg / cm 2的额外的压力，15至100 在惰性气氛中几分钟，边界处的硅过量，使得碳化硅晶体生长跨越边界成为可能。

8. 发明授权

US5470672A Fuel cells and process for the production of the anode 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池和生产阳极的工艺
公开(公告)号：US5470672A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-28
申请号：US344956
申请日：1994-11-25
申请人： Aristides Naoumidis
发明人： Aristides Naoumidis
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/88 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/124 , H01M8/14
CPC分类号： H01M4/8885 , H01M8/1213 , H01M2004/8684 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2008/147 , H01M2300/0051 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M4/8652 , Y02E60/526 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A fuel cell with a solid oxide (SOFC) or a molten carbonate salt electrolyte (MCFC). The anode of the fuel cell, according to the invention, is a CERMET anode which consists of a solid mixture of tungsten carbide and an ion-conducting oxide, such as yttrium-fully stabilized zirconium oxide (YSZ). The fuel cell anode is prepared by a process whereby in order to form the solid mixture of which the anode is formed, a mixture of anion-conducting oxide powder and WC/WC(O), WO.sub.3 or precursor thereof is prepared, and this mixture is converted into a YSZ-WC mixture in a CO/CO.sub.2 atmosphere in a temperature range of 600.degree.-1000.degree. C.
摘要翻译：具有固体氧化物（SOFC）或熔融碳酸盐电解质（MCFC）的燃料电池。根据本发明的燃料电池的阳极是由碳化钨和离子传导氧化物如钇 - 完全稳定的氧化锆（YSZ）的固体混合物组成的CERMET阳极。燃料电池阳极是通过以下方法制备的：为了形成形成阳极的固体混合物，制备阴离子导电氧化物粉末和WC / WC（O），WO 3或其前体的混合物，并且该混合物在CO / CO2气氛中在600〜1000℃的温度范围内转化为YSZ-WC混合物。

9. 发明授权

US4928870A Process for joining ceramic parts with a reactive conducting material 失效
标题翻译：将陶瓷部件与反应性导电材料接合的方法
公开(公告)号：US4928870A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-29
申请号：US362274
申请日：1989-06-06
申请人： Martin Gat-Liquornik , Aristides Naoumidis
发明人： Martin Gat-Liquornik , Aristides Naoumidis
IPC分类号： B32B15/04 , B29C65/02 , B32B9/00 , B32B18/00 , C04B37/00
CPC分类号： C04B37/005 , C04B2235/666 , C04B2237/08 , C04B2237/083 , C04B2237/122 , C04B2237/365 , C04B2237/60 , C04B2237/708 , C04B2237/72
摘要： A thin metal foil or an array of fine wires or a graphite web, mat or the ke, having electrical conductivity was interposed between clean polished surfaces of ceramic parts which are to be joined, with application of pressure. A high current electrical discharge with very short duration puts so much energy into the conducting material that it explosively vaporizes and penetrates interacts with the ceramic before the ceramic can absorb an appreciable amount of heat and before the hot material can undesirably react with the surrounding atmosphere, so that an inert atmosphere is not necessary for the process. Metals that form silicides and/or carbides are for e.g. desirable for connecting SiC parts and conducting forms of carbon such as graphite are also suitable. Precoating the surfaces to be joined, with reactive or reaction-promoting material as well as a thermal treatment of the joint may be favorable.
摘要翻译：在施加压力的情况下，将待连接的陶瓷部件的清洁抛光表面之间插入具有导电性的细金属箔或细线或石墨网，垫等的阵列。具有非常短的持续时间的高电流放电在导电材料中投入了大量的能量，使其在陶瓷能够吸收可观的热量之前并且在热材料不可预期地与周围的气氛反应之前爆炸性蒸发并渗透与陶瓷的相互作用，使得该方法不需要惰性气氛。形成硅化物和/或碳化物的金属例如是金属。用于连接SiC部件和导电形式的碳如石墨也是合适的。使用反应性或反应促进材料预处理待接合的表面以及接合的热处理可能是有利的。

10. 发明授权

US6048636A Electrode substrate for fuel cell 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池用电极基板
公开(公告)号：US6048636A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-11
申请号：US105116
申请日：1998-06-17
申请人： Aristides Naoumidis , Frank Tietz , Detlev Stover
发明人： Aristides Naoumidis , Frank Tietz , Detlev Stover
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/1231 , H01M8/124
CPC分类号： H01M4/9066 , H01M4/8621 , H01M8/0625 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/1231 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , Y02P70/56
摘要： In an electrode for a fuel cell which has a porous self-supporting layer and another layer with catalytic properties disposed on said self-supporting layer, the self-supporting layer has a thickness several times greater than that of the layer with the catalytic properties and consists of a cermet comprising Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 or TiO.sub.2 to which Ni is admixed.
摘要翻译：在具有多孔自支撑层和具有设置在所述自支撑层上的催化性能的另一层的燃料电池用电极中，所述自支撑层的厚度为具有催化性能的层的厚度的几倍，由包含Al 2 O 3或TiO 2的金属陶瓷组成，Ni与其混合。

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