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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Stabilization of laser sources with closely-coupled optical reflectors using an internal dither circuit
    • 使用内部抖动电路使紧密耦合的光反射器稳定激光源
    • US06215809B1
    • 2001-04-10
    • US09197062
    • 1998-11-20
    • Mehrdad ZiariRobert G. WaartsRobert J. LangJohn DeAndreaMichael L. BortzBrian F. Ventrudo
    • Mehrdad ZiariRobert G. WaartsRobert J. LangJohn DeAndreaMichael L. BortzBrian F. Ventrudo
    • H01S308
    • H01S3/094003H01S5/0652H01S5/146
    • Apparatus for providing a laser source optically coupled to an optical waveguide, such as an optical fiber, having a reflective grating positioned from the output facet of the laser source a distance equal to or greater than the coherence length of the laser source providing a portion of reflective feedback into the laser source optical cavity to maintain wavelength operation of the laser source in spite of changes in the laser operating temperature or drive current based upon coherence collapse in the laser operation. In cases where the fiber grating is positioned in the fiber within the coherence length of the laser source, intermittent coherence collapse, as opposed to continuous coherence collapse, is unavoidable. In cases where such a laser source is a pumping source for a solid state gain medium, such as an optical amplifier or laser having an active gain element, e.g., an Er doped amplifier, undesirable perturbations in the laser source output are present which have a deleterious effect on the operation of the solid state gain medium. The effect of these undesirable perturbations are substantially removed by a small, continuous variation or dither in the driving current of the laser source having a rate of variation that exceeds the active gain element excited state lifetime thereby controlling the switching of the laser source operation between states of coherency and coherence collapse. As a result, the effects of laser source perturbations are avoided so as not to have an effect on the operation of the coupled solid state gain medium so that its gain stability is improved. Various embodiments of dither circuits are disclosed. In addition, polarization-maintaining behavior is induced in optical waveguides to further improve laser source stability.
    • 用于提供光学耦合到诸如光纤的光波导的激光源的设备,其具有从激光源的输出小面定位的反射光栅,距离等于或大于激光源的相干长度,该距离提供一部分 反射反射到激光源光学腔中以保持激光源的波长操作,尽管激光器工作温度或驱动电流基于激光器操作中的相干性崩溃而发生变化。 在光纤光栅位于激光源的相干长度内的纤维光纤的情况下,与连续相干塌陷相反,间歇性相干塌陷是不可避免的。 在这种激光源是用于固态增益介质的泵浦源的情况下,例如具有有源增益元件(例如,Er掺杂放大器)的光放大器或激光器,存在激光源输出中的不期望的扰动,其具有 对固态增益介质的操作有害的影响。 这些不期望的扰动的效果通过在激光源的驱动电流中的小的连续变化或抖动基本上消除,其具有超过有源增益元件激发态寿命的变化率,从而控制状态之间的激光源操作的切换 的一致性和一致性崩溃。 结果,避免了激光源扰动的影响,从而不会对耦合的固态增益介质的操作产生影响,从而提高了其增益稳定性。 公开了抖动电路的各种实施例。 此外,在光波导中引起偏振保持行为以进一步提高激光源的稳定性。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Optical fiber gain medium with wavelength selective core filter
    • 具有波长选择性滤芯的光纤增益介质
    • US06181465B2
    • 2001-01-30
    • US09286707
    • 1999-04-05
    • Stephen G. GrubbRaymond ZanoniRobert G. WaartsJean-Luc Archambault
    • Stephen G. GrubbRaymond ZanoniRobert G. WaartsJean-Luc Archambault
    • H01S330
    • G02B6/03694G02B6/02G02B6/03627G02B6/03638H01S3/06708H01S3/0675H01S3/094003H01S3/10023H01S3/302
    • An optical fiber used as the active amplifying medium in a fiber laser is arranged to have a high insertion loss at an undesired frequency, while retaining a low insertion loss at a desired lasing frequency. In one embodiment, loss at a Raman-shifted frequency is introduced by using an optical fiber which has multiple claddings with an index profile that includes an elevated index region located away from the core, but within the evanescent coupling region of the core. A distributed loss, which can be enhanced by bending, is produced at the Raman frequency which effectively raises the threshold at which Raman scattering occurs in the fiber and therefore results in a frequency-selective fiber. In another embodiment, an absorbing layer is placed around the core region. The absorbing layer is chosen to have a sharp absorption edge so that it absorbs highly at the Raman-shifted wavelength, but minimally at the desired lasing wavelength. In still another embodiment, the optical fiber is constructed with a core with long period gratings formed therein. The gratings are fabricated with a periodicity selected to provide a relatively high insertion loss at the Raman frequency while simultaneously providing a relatively low insertion loss at the lasing frequency. In accordance with yet another embodiment, a bend loss technique is used to suppress amplified spontaneous emission at an unwanted wavelength due to a competing atomic energy level system in a fiber laser.
    • 在光纤激光器中用作有源放大介质的光纤布置成在不期望的频率下具有高插入损耗,同时保持在期望的激光频率下的低插入损耗。 在一个实施例中,通过使用具有多个包层的光纤引入拉曼移位频率处的损耗,折射率分布包括位于远离芯的升高的折射率区域,但在核心的消逝耦合区域内。 可以在拉曼频率下产生可以通过弯曲增强的分布损耗,其有效地提高了在光纤中发生拉曼散射的阈值,因此导致频率选择性光纤。 在另一实施例中,吸收层围绕芯区域放置。 吸收层被选择为具有尖锐的吸收边缘,使得其以拉曼位移的波长高度吸收,但在期望的激光波长处最小。 在另一个实施例中,光纤由其中形成有长周期光栅的芯构成。 以选择的周期制造光栅,以在拉曼频率处提供相对高的插入损耗,同时在激光频率下提供相对低的插入损耗。 根据另一个实施例,弯曲损耗技术用于抑制由于光纤激光器中竞争的原子能级系统引起的不需要的波长的放大的自发发射。