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1. 发明授权

US06215809B1 Stabilization of laser sources with closely-coupled optical reflectors using an internal dither circuit 有权
标题翻译：使用内部抖动电路使紧密耦合的光反射器稳定激光源
公开(公告)号：US06215809B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-10
申请号：US09197062
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts , Robert J. Lang , John DeAndrea , Michael L. Bortz , Brian F. Ventrudo
发明人： Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts , Robert J. Lang , John DeAndrea , Michael L. Bortz , Brian F. Ventrudo
IPC分类号： H01S308
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , H01S5/0652 , H01S5/146
摘要： Apparatus for providing a laser source optically coupled to an optical waveguide, such as an optical fiber, having a reflective grating positioned from the output facet of the laser source a distance equal to or greater than the coherence length of the laser source providing a portion of reflective feedback into the laser source optical cavity to maintain wavelength operation of the laser source in spite of changes in the laser operating temperature or drive current based upon coherence collapse in the laser operation. In cases where the fiber grating is positioned in the fiber within the coherence length of the laser source, intermittent coherence collapse, as opposed to continuous coherence collapse, is unavoidable. In cases where such a laser source is a pumping source for a solid state gain medium, such as an optical amplifier or laser having an active gain element, e.g., an Er doped amplifier, undesirable perturbations in the laser source output are present which have a deleterious effect on the operation of the solid state gain medium. The effect of these undesirable perturbations are substantially removed by a small, continuous variation or dither in the driving current of the laser source having a rate of variation that exceeds the active gain element excited state lifetime thereby controlling the switching of the laser source operation between states of coherency and coherence collapse. As a result, the effects of laser source perturbations are avoided so as not to have an effect on the operation of the coupled solid state gain medium so that its gain stability is improved. Various embodiments of dither circuits are disclosed. In addition, polarization-maintaining behavior is induced in optical waveguides to further improve laser source stability.
摘要翻译：用于提供光学耦合到诸如光纤的光波导的激光源的设备，其具有从激光源的输出小面定位的反射光栅，距离等于或大于激光源的相干长度，该距离提供一部分反射反射到激光源光学腔中以保持激光源的波长操作，尽管激光器工作温度或驱动电流基于激光器操作中的相干性崩溃而发生变化。在光纤光栅位于激光源的相干长度内的纤维光纤的情况下，与连续相干塌陷相反，间歇性相干塌陷是不可避免的。在这种激光源是用于固态增益介质的泵浦源的情况下，例如具有有源增益元件（例如，Er掺杂放大器）的光放大器或激光器，存在激光源输出中的不期望的扰动，其具有对固态增益介质的操作有害的影响。这些不期望的扰动的效果通过在激光源的驱动电流中的小的连续变化或抖动基本上消除，其具有超过有源增益元件激发态寿命的变化率，从而控制状态之间的激光源操作的切换的一致性和一致性崩溃。结果，避免了激光源扰动的影响，从而不会对耦合的固态增益介质的操作产生影响，从而提高了其增益稳定性。公开了抖动电路的各种实施例。此外，在光波导中引起偏振保持行为以进一步提高激光源的稳定性。

2. 发明授权

US06407855B1 Multiple wavelength optical sources 有权
标题翻译：多波长光源
公开(公告)号：US06407855B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-18
申请号：US09430394
申请日：1999-10-29
申请人： Stuart MacCormack , David M. Giltner , Vincent G. Dominic , Donald R. Scifres , Bardia Pezeshki , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts
发明人： Stuart MacCormack , David M. Giltner , Vincent G. Dominic , Donald R. Scifres , Bardia Pezeshki , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari , Robert G. Waarts
IPC分类号： H01S330
CPC分类号： H01S3/094 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/08086 , H01S3/0812 , H01S3/094042 , H01S3/302
摘要： Optical pumping arrangements are provided for the broadband or multiple wavelength pumping of optical sources. Sources may be based on Raman gain media and may use multiple output couplers to couple out different wavelength ranges. Cascaded Raman resonator (CRR) configurations may also be used. Overlapping resonators at different wavelengths may be configured to share gain media, and may have separate portions in separate optical paths. Attenuation filters may also be used that are matched to the gain profile of a gain medium, to flatten the gain spectrum and allow equalization of gain to different output wavelengths. In one embodiment, polarization maintaining fiber is used to develop resonant conditions at different wavelengths in different polarization states. Wideband output gratings may be substituted for narrowband gratings to provide CRR configurations with a broader output band. Broadband amplification may also be provided by using a laser source operating in coherence collapse. The multiple wavelength pumping lends itself to a pumping arrangement in which sources at different wavelengths are combined into separate transmission/gain media such as the different fibers of an optical fiber cable.
摘要翻译：提供了用于光源的宽波长或多波长泵浦的光泵浦装置。源可以基于拉曼增益介质，并且可以使用多个输出耦合器耦合出不同的波长范围。也可以使用级联拉曼谐振器（CRR）。可以将不同波长的重叠谐振器配置成共享增益介质，并且可以在单独的光路中具有分离的部分。还可以使用与增益介质的增益曲线匹配的衰减滤波器，以平坦化增益谱，并允许将增益均衡到不同的输出波长。在一个实施例中，使用偏振保持光纤来发展不同偏振态的不同波长的谐振条件。宽带输出光栅可以代替窄带光栅，以提供具有更宽输出频带的CRR配置。也可以通过使用在相干塌陷中操作的激光源来提供宽带放大。多波长泵浦本身适用于泵送装置，其中将不同波长的源组合成单独的传输/增益介质，例如光纤电缆的不同光纤。

3. 发明授权

US06758610B2 Optical component attachment to optoelectronic packages 有权
标题翻译：光学元件连接到光电封装
公开(公告)号：US06758610B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-06
申请号：US10016473
申请日：2001-12-10
申请人： Mehrdad Ziari , Robert J. Lang , Tanya K. Oleskevich , Vivek Agrawal , Ashok P. Kanjamala , Donald C. Hargreaves , Harrison L. Ransom , David Dawson , Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan
发明人： Mehrdad Ziari , Robert J. Lang , Tanya K. Oleskevich , Vivek Agrawal , Ashok P. Kanjamala , Donald C. Hargreaves , Harrison L. Ransom , David Dawson , Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan
IPC分类号： G02B642
CPC分类号： G02B6/4225 , G02B6/4201 , G02B6/4238 , G02B6/4257 , G02B6/4267 , G02B6/4268 , H01S5/02248 , H01S5/02284 , H01S5/02446
摘要： An optical connection module attaches an active or passive optical component to a substrate and aligns the optical component with a first laser. The optical connection module includes a fiber submount that is attached to the substrate and that includes a thermally insulating material having a thickness greater than 20 micrometers. The optical component is soldered to the fiber submount using heat from a second laser. A laser submount is attached to the substrate. The first laser is attached to the laser submount. A fiber bonding pad is located between the thermally insulating material and the optical component. The thermally insulating material and the fiber bonding pad promote lateral heat transfer and limit vertical heat transfer to the substrate during soldering. The thermally insulating material can be integrally formed in the substrate by flame hydrolysis or by anodic bonding.
摘要翻译：光学连接模块将有源或无源光学部件附接到基板并将光学部件与第一激光器对准。光学连接模块包括光纤基座，其附接到基板并且包括厚度大于20微米的绝热材料。使用来自第二激光器的热量将光学部件焊接到光纤基座。激光基座安装在基板上。第一个激光器连接到激光器底座。光纤接合焊盘位于绝热材料和光学部件之间。绝热材料和纤维粘合垫促进横向热传递，并限制在焊接期间垂直的热传递到基底。绝热材料可以通过火焰水解或通过阳极接合一体地形成在基板中。

4. 发明授权

US06525872B1 Fiber grating-stabilized, semiconductor pump source 有权
标题翻译：光纤光栅稳定，半导体泵浦源
公开(公告)号：US06525872B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09375687
申请日：1999-08-17
申请人： Mehrdad Ziari , Stephen O'Brien , Mats Hagberg , Robert J. Lang , Edward Vail
发明人： Mehrdad Ziari , Stephen O'Brien , Mats Hagberg , Robert J. Lang , Edward Vail
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S5/1064 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/302 , H01S5/065 , H01S5/0656 , H01S5/146 , H01S5/4087
摘要： High power semiconductor lasers for pumping fiber devices, such as fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers, include an optical gain region disposed between a rear end and the output end, the width of the optical gain region being greater at the output end than at the rear end. The optical gain region may include a single mode channel region coupled to a flared amplifier region. The light output from the laser is coupled via a lens system into a fiber for propagating to the fiber device to be pumped. Light is fedback into the laser, for example from a fiber Bragg grating, to induce the laser to operate in coherence collapse. The broad bandwidth output associated with coherence collapse permits the laser to deliver high optical powers into the fiber without the onset of stimulated Billion scattering. Fiber grating feedback improves the quality of the beam output by the laser, thus enhancing coupling efficiency into the fiber. The pump laser may be used to pump multiple fiber devices. Multiple pump lasers may be combined together.
摘要翻译：用于泵浦光纤器件（例如光纤放大器和光纤激光器）的大功率半导体激光器包括设置在后端和输出端之间的光学增益区域，光学增益区域的宽度在输出端比在后端更大。光增益区域可以包括耦合到扩口放大器区域的单模信道区域。来自激光器的光输出通过透镜系统耦合到光纤中，以传播到待泵浦的光纤装置。光反射到激光器中，例如从光纤布拉格光栅反射，以诱导激光器在相干性崩溃中操作。与相干塌陷相关的宽带宽输出允许激光器将高光功率传递到光纤中，而不会发生刺激的亿亿分散。光纤光栅反馈提高了激光束的光束输出质量，从而提高光纤耦合效率。泵浦激光器可用于泵送多个光纤装置。多个泵浦激光器可以组合在一起。

5. 发明授权

US06603595B2 Raman-based utility optical amplifier 失效
公开(公告)号：US06603595B2
公开(公告)日：2003-08-05
申请号：US10185458
申请日：2002-06-26
申请人： David F. Welch , Robert J. Lang , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari
发明人： David F. Welch , Robert J. Lang , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S5/146 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/0078 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094073 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/302 , H01S5/1096 , H01S5/4025 , H01S2301/04
摘要： An optical amplifier with a flattened wideband response is obtained by coupling counter-propagating pumping energy into an optical waveguide to cause Raman amplification in the optical waveguide, and by reflecting an amplified signal received from the optical waveguide into an output waveguide using a reflector having a spectral characteristic that is complementary to the spectral gain characteristic of the Raman amplification.

6. 发明授权

US06433920B1 Raman-based utility optical amplifier 失效
标题翻译：基于拉曼的实用光学放大器
公开(公告)号：US06433920B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09664986
申请日：2000-09-18
申请人： David F. Welch , Robert J. Lang , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari
发明人： David F. Welch , Robert J. Lang , Edward C. Vail , Mehrdad Ziari
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S5/146 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/0078 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094073 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/302 , H01S5/1096 , H01S5/4025 , H01S2301/04
摘要： An optical amplifier with a flattened wideband response is obtained by coupling counter-propagating pumping energy into an optical waveguide to cause Raman amplification in the optical waveguide, and by reflecting an amplified signal received from the optical waveguide into an output waveguide using a reflector having a spectral characteristic that is complementary to the spectral gain characteristic of the Raman amplification.
摘要翻译：通过将反向传播的泵浦能量耦合到光波导中以在光波导中引起拉曼放大，并且将从光波导接收的放大信号反射到输出波导中，可以获得具有扁平宽带响应的光放大器，该反射器具有光谱特性与拉曼放大的光谱增益特性互补。

7. 发明授权

US5870417A Thermal compensators for waveguide DBR laser sources 失效
标题翻译：用于波导DBR激光源的热补偿器
公开(公告)号：US5870417A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US822467
申请日：1997-03-21
申请人： Jean-Marc Verdiell , Robert J. Lang , Thomas L. Koch , Mehrdad Ziari
发明人： Jean-Marc Verdiell , Robert J. Lang , Thomas L. Koch , Mehrdad Ziari
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/42 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/14 , H01S5/40 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S5/146 , G02B6/12007 , G02B6/42 , H01S5/02252 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0261 , H01S5/1014 , H01S5/106 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/1212 , H01S5/1225 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/4087
摘要： A waveguide DBR laser or waveguide DBR laser array may be comprised of a semiconductor gain element, or a series of semiconductor gain elements, in combination with a waveguide grating functioning as a resonant cavity end reflector for lasing operation comprising either an optical fiber having a fiber grating (fiber DBR laser) or a planar waveguide (planar waveguide DBR laser). The gain element may be comprised of a laser diode which has high efficient AR coating on its front facet so that it functions as a modulated gain element in a resonant cavity established between its rear HR facet and the grating formed in the external waveguide. Disclosed are ways to form this resonant cavity so that gain element modulation rates can be carried out in excess of 2 Gb/sec with suppression of longitudinal mode hops and/or with trimming to compensate for wavelength changes, rendering the waveguide DBR laser or waveguide DBR laser array highly suitable for WDM transmitter, dense WDM transmission systems and other communications applications.
摘要翻译：波导DBR激光器或波导DBR激光器阵列可以由半导体增益元件或一系列半导体增益元件组成，其与用作激光器操作的谐振腔端反射器的波导光栅组合，包括具有光纤的光纤光纤（光纤DBR激光）或平面波导（平面波导DBR激光）。增益元件可以由其前面具有高效AR涂层的激光二极管组成，使得其作为在其后HR面与形成在外部波导中的光栅之间建立的谐振腔中的调制增益元件起作用。公开了形成这种谐振腔的方法，使得增益元件调制速率可以超过2Gb / s，抑制纵模跳跃和/或用修整来补偿波长变化，使得波导DBR激光器或波导DBR 激光阵列非常适合WDM发射机，密集WDM传输系统等通信应用。

8. 发明授权

US06404542B1 Multiple emitter semiconductor laser pump source for scaling of pump power and generation of unpolarized light for light signal amplification 有权
标题翻译：用于缩放泵浦功率的多发射器半导体激光泵源和用于光信号放大的非偏振光的产生
公开(公告)号：US06404542B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-11
申请号：US09613519
申请日：2000-07-10
申请人： Mehrdad Ziari , David F. Welch , Vincent G. Dominic , Bardia Pezeshki , Robert J. Lang
发明人： Mehrdad Ziari , David F. Welch , Vincent G. Dominic , Bardia Pezeshki , Robert J. Lang
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , H01S3/09415 , H01S3/302 , H01S5/02284 , H01S5/0652 , H01S5/0656 , H01S5/4012 , H01S5/4031
摘要： A pump source for rare earth and Raman amplifiers or for distributed amplification uses two or more light sources to generate two source beams that are combined by a beam combiner to form the output pump beam. In accordance with one embodiment, the light sources are a diode laser array having be two or more monolithic laser stripes providing dual output beams having substantially the same polarization, such as the TE mode. One of the polarized due outputs is rotated 90° and both beams are applied to a birefringent crystal that combines the beams for insertion into an optical fiber or into a rare earth doped fiber or into a fiber capable of Raman amplification via SRS. The power output of each polarization in the combined beam can be measured and used to drive a feedback circuit that controls the current provided to each diode in order to maintain the power in the two polarization components of the output beam equal.
摘要翻译：用于稀土和拉曼放大器或用于分布式放大的泵浦源使用两个或更多个光源来产生由光束组合器组合以形成输出泵浦光束的两个源光束。根据一个实施例，光源是具有两个或更多个单片激光条的二极管激光器阵列，提供具有基本上相同极化的双输出光束，例如TE模式。偏振的正向输出之一旋转90°，并且将两个光束施加到双折射晶体，该双折射晶体将用于插入光纤的光束或掺入稀土掺杂的光纤中的光束或通过SRS拉曼放大的光纤组合。可以测量组合光束中每个极化的功率输出，并用于驱动控制提供给每个二极管的电流的反馈电路，以便保持输出光束的两个偏振分量中的功率相等。

9. 发明授权

US08705904B2 Photonic integrated circuits having chirped elements 有权
标题翻译：具有啁啾元件的光子集成电路
公开(公告)号：US08705904B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-22
申请号：US12263471
申请日：2008-11-01
申请人： Fred A. Kish, Jr. , Mehrdad Ziari , Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan , Masaki Kato , Vincent G. Dominic , Sanjeev Murthy , Alan Nilsson
发明人： Fred A. Kish, Jr. , Mehrdad Ziari , Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan , Masaki Kato , Vincent G. Dominic , Sanjeev Murthy , Alan Nilsson
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , H04J14/02 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/12
CPC分类号： G02B6/12004 , G02B6/12019 , G02B6/4249 , H01S5/02248 , H01S5/0268 , H01S5/4087 , H04J14/02
摘要： Consistent with the present disclosure, optical devices are provided along different optical paths in a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). The optical components have different optical losses associated therewith so that optical signals propagating in the optical paths have desired power levels, which may be uniform, for example.
摘要翻译：根据本公开，光子器件沿着光子集成电路（PIC）中的不同光路提供。光学部件具有与其相关的不同的光学损耗，使得在光路中传播的光信号具有期望的功率电平，例如可以是均匀的。

10. 发明授权

US07394953B1 Configurable integrated optical combiners and decombiners 有权
标题翻译：可配置的集成光学组合器和分解器
公开(公告)号：US07394953B1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-01
申请号：US11734259
申请日：2007-04-11
申请人： Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan , Masaki Kato , Peter W. Evans , Jacco L. Pleumeekers , Mehrdad Ziari
发明人： Radhakrishnan L. Nagarajan , Masaki Kato , Peter W. Evans , Jacco L. Pleumeekers , Mehrdad Ziari
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/42
CPC分类号： G02B6/12033 , G02B6/12019
摘要： System, devices and methods are described that provide an integrated optical decombiner or optical combiner having both unamplified paths and amplified paths on which power monitoring and control may be located. A preferred multiplexing/demultiplexing optical path through the combiner/decombiner and a corresponding waveguide output/input is identified and optically coupled to a piece of fiber. Temperature control may be provided to tune an arrayed waveguide grating within the combiner/decombiner and minimize wavelength drift therein. Integrated power monitoring may be employed on one or more of the amplified waveguide paths to ensure that a preferred power level or range is maintained on an optical signal.
摘要翻译：描述了系统，装置和方法，其提供集成光学分解器或光学组合器，其具有可放置功率监视和控制的未放大路径和放大路径。通过组合器/分解器和对应的波导输出/输入的优选复用/解复用光路被识别并光学耦合到一片光纤。可以提供温度控制以调谐组合器/分解器内的阵列波导光栅并使其中的波长漂移最小化。可以在一个或多个放大的波导路径上采用集成功率监视，以确保在光信号上保持优选的功率电平或范围。

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