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1. 发明授权

US4181484A Device for forming underground pipelines 失效
标题翻译：地下管线装置
公开(公告)号：US4181484A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-01
申请号：US879941
申请日：1978-02-17
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Konstantin S. Gurkov , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Vladimir V. Klimashko , Leonid G. Rozhkov , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Vasily V. Filippov , Lazar M. Lipovetsky , Valentin N. Ardyshev , Khaim B. Tkach
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Konstantin S. Gurkov , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Vladimir V. Klimashko , Leonid G. Rozhkov , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Vasily V. Filippov , Lazar M. Lipovetsky , Valentin N. Ardyshev , Khaim B. Tkach
IPC分类号： B28B21/42 , E21B33/138 , E21D5/04 , E21D11/10 , F16L1/038
CPC分类号： F16L1/038
摘要： Apparatus for building underground pipelines by forming a casing in a hole from a forming material which is compacted in the direction from the center of the hole towards its walls. The hole is first filled with the forming material throughout its cross-sectional area and then the material is compacted in the direction towards the walls of the hole. Compaction is effected by a device comprising a rod-shaped body adapted for moving through the hole, the front end of the body being provided with a system of radial ribs.
摘要翻译：用于通过在从孔的中心朝向其壁的方向压实的成形材料的孔中形成壳体来建造地下管道的装置。首先在其横截面积中填充成形材料的孔，然后将材料朝向孔的壁的方向压实。压实由包括适于移动通过孔的杆状体的装置实现，本体的前端设置有径向肋的系统。

2. 发明授权

US4088720A Method of forming castings in holes 失效
标题翻译：在孔中形成铸件的方法
公开(公告)号：US4088720A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US669462
申请日：1976-03-22
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostvlev , Konstantin S. Gurkov , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Vladimir V. Klimashko , Leonid G. Rozhkov , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Vasily V. Filippov , Lazar M. Lipovetsky , Valentin N. Ardyshev , Khaim B. Tkach
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostvlev , Konstantin S. Gurkov , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Vladimir V. Klimashko , Leonid G. Rozhkov , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Vasily V. Filippov , Lazar M. Lipovetsky , Valentin N. Ardyshev , Khaim B. Tkach
IPC分类号： B63B35/04 , F16L1/028 , F16L1/038 , F16L55/16 , F16L55/1645
CPC分类号： F16L1/038 , F16L55/16455
摘要： A method of building underground pipelines by forming a casing in a hole from a forming material which is compacted in the direction from the center of the hole toward its walls. The hole is first filled with the forming material throughout its cross-sectional area and then the material is compacted in the direction towards the walls of the hole. Compaction is effected by a device comprising a rod-shaped body adapted for moving through the hole, the front end of the body being provided with a system of radial ribs.
摘要翻译：通过在从孔的中心朝向其壁的方向压实的成形材料的孔中形成壳体而构建地下管道的方法。首先在其横截面积中填充成形材料的孔，然后将材料朝向孔的壁的方向压实。压实由包括适于移动通过孔的杆状体的装置实现，本体的前端设置有径向肋的系统。

3. 发明授权

US4132277A Pneumatic reversible impact device for driving holes in soil 失效
标题翻译：用于在土壤中驱动孔的气动可逆冲击装置
公开(公告)号：US4132277A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-02
申请号：US838733
申请日：1977-10-03
申请人： Konstantin K. Tupitsyn , Evgeny N. Cherednikov , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Vladimir V. Klimashko , Khaim B. Tkach , Andron T. Karavaev
发明人： Konstantin K. Tupitsyn , Evgeny N. Cherednikov , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Vladimir V. Klimashko , Khaim B. Tkach , Andron T. Karavaev
IPC分类号： E21B4/14 , E21B11/02
CPC分类号： E21B4/145
摘要： The device comprises a hollow cylindrical body, pointed front at its end which device accommodates a striker forming the front working chamber in said body, and has a cylindrical space at its rear end. Said space receives an air-distributing and reversing mechanism, thus forming the rear working chamber. The air-distributing and reversing mechanism has a bushing which is fixed relative to the body, and an axially movable bushing, both bushings being arranged coaxially, spring-loaded in the axial direction relative to each other, and forming a chamber located in the front part of said mechanism, with the chamber communicating with a source of compressed air and intended to move the movable bushing during reversal of the device. The side wall of the movable bushing has a through hole and a longitudinal external recess, both made in such a manner that during the forward travel of the device the through hole places the chamber formed by the bushings in communication with the source of compressed air while during the backward travel the through hole is covered by the fixed bushing and the chamber formed by the bushings communicates with the atmosphere through the external longitudinal recess.
摘要翻译：该装置包括中空圆柱体，其末端指向前部，该装置容纳在所述主体中形成前工作室的撞针，并在其后端具有圆柱形空间。所述空间接收空气分配和反向机构，从而形成后工作室。空气分配和反向机构具有相对于主体固定的衬套和可轴向移动的衬套，两个衬套同轴地布置，在轴向方向上相对于彼此弹簧加载，并形成位于前部的腔室所述机构的一部分，其中腔室与压缩空气源连通并且旨在在装置反向期间移动可移动衬套。可移动衬套的侧壁具有通孔和纵向外部凹部，两者均以这样的方式制造，使得在装置的向前行进期间，通孔将由衬套形成的腔室与压缩空气源连通，在向后行进期间，通孔由固定衬套覆盖，并且由衬套形成的室通过外部纵向凹槽与大气连通。

4. 发明授权

US4637476A Percussive action machine for making holes in the ground 失效
标题翻译：打击机动作机在地面上打孔
公开(公告)号：US4637476A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-20
申请号：US720285
申请日：1985-04-04
申请人： Konstantin S. Gurkov , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Gennady A. Tkachenko , Ivan P. Leonov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
发明人： Konstantin S. Gurkov , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Gennady A. Tkachenko , Ivan P. Leonov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
IPC分类号： E21B4/14 , E21B1/00
CPC分类号： E21B4/145
摘要： A percussive action machine includes a housing in which a hammer is movably secured to define a forward stroke chamber and a return stroke chamber. The hammer is provided with an air-distributor fashioned as a sleeve having holes. The hammer is further provided with a device for alternately communicating the return stroke chamber with the forward stroke chamber and with the outside, the device having the form of at least one bore arranged inside the hammer in line with its axis. Communicating with this bore is a tubular control valve extending through the forward stroke chamber and having in its wall at least one hole wherethrough the return stroke chamber alternately communicates with the forward stroke chamber and with the outside.
摘要翻译：冲击动作机器包括壳体，其中锤子可移动地固定以限定向前行程室和返回行程室。锤子设有一个空气分配器，它形成为具有孔的套筒。锤子还设置有用于将返回行程室与前行程室和外部交替地连通的装置，该装置具有布置在锤内与其轴线一致的至少一个孔的形式。与该孔相通的是管状控制阀，其延伸穿过前行程室，并且在其壁上具有至少一个孔，通过返回行程室与前行程室和外部交替连通。

5. 发明授权

US4160486A Pneumatic impact mechanism 失效
标题翻译：气动冲击机构
公开(公告)号：US4160486A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-10
申请号：US789864
申请日：1977-04-22
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Boris N. Smolyanitsky , Vladimir P. Boginsky , Konstantin S. Gurkov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Boris N. Smolyanitsky , Vladimir P. Boginsky , Konstantin S. Gurkov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
IPC分类号： E02D7/10 , B25C1/04 , B25D9/08 , B25D17/00 , E02D7/02 , E21B1/00 , H01R4/66
CPC分类号： B25D17/00 , B25C1/041 , B25D9/08 , H01R4/66
摘要： A pneumatic impact mechanism for driving rod-like members having a hollow cylindrical casing with a tail portion and a front end portion. The casing accommodates a reciprocating stepped hammer piston defining in the casing, on the tail portion side, a variable volume rear end work chamber in permanent communication with a source of compressed air. The stepped hammer piston defines, on the side of the front end portion, a variable volume front end work chamber.The stepped hammer piston has a through-passing axial bore, and its small-diameter portion cooperates with the tail portion of the casing and has radial passages. There is provided a tubular guide member or element for receiving the rod-like member arranged coaxially with the stepped hammer piston and casing and secured to the tail portion and to the front end portion of the casing in such a manner as to cooperate with the stepped hammer piston and define therewith, with the outer periphery thereof an axial passage. A clamp for engaging the individual rod-like members is rigidly removably secured to the front end portion of the casing. The front end-work chamber communicates, at regular intervals, with atmosphere through the axial passage and radial bores when the stepped hammer piston is in its rear end position and with the rear end work chamber when the stepped hammer piston is in the front end position to deliver blows to the casing under the action of compressed air fed to the work chambers.
摘要翻译：一种用于驱动具有中空圆柱形壳体的杆状构件的气动冲击机构，其具有尾部和前端部。外壳容纳往复式阶梯式锤式活塞，该活塞在壳体中在尾部侧限定可变容积的后端工作室，其与压缩空气源永久连通。阶梯式锤式活塞在前端部分的侧面上限定了可变容积的前端工作室。

6. 发明授权

US4683960A Air-operated reversible percussive action machine 失效
标题翻译：气动可逆式打击式打击机
公开(公告)号：US4683960A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US659779
申请日：1984-10-11
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vasily I. Ivinsky , Alexandr D. Filonov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vasily I. Ivinsky , Alexandr D. Filonov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
IPC分类号： E02D7/10 , E02D7/28 , E21B4/14 , B25D9/00
CPC分类号： E21B4/145 , E02D7/10
摘要： An air-operated reversible percussive action machine comprises a housing in which there is disposed for axial reciprocations a hammer, defining therewith a front working chamber and having a through radial passage. In the axial interior of the hammer on the side of its tail end there is provided a cylindrical stepped tube including coaxially arranged first and second steps of large and small diameters, respectively, these steps having through radial passages. The first step of the tube defines with the hammer a rear working chamber, and with the second step defines an annular cavity in which a spring sleeve capable of axial displacements is disposed. The outer diameter of the sleeve is substantially less than the inner diameter of the first step of the tube to form an annular passage there between. The machine is further provided with a means for pressure-sealing the annular cavity and a means for controlling the displacements of the sleeve.
摘要翻译：一种气动可逆式冲击作用机器包括壳体，其中设置有用于轴向往复运动的锤，其中限定有前工作室并且具有贯穿的径向通道。在其尾端侧面的锤的轴向内部分别设置有圆柱形阶梯管，分别包括大直径和小直径同轴布置的第一和第二台阶，这些台阶具有通过径向通道的台阶。管的第一步用锤子确定后工作室，并且第二步骤限定了环形空腔，其中布置有能够进行轴向位移的弹簧套筒。套管的外径基本上小于管的第一台阶的内径，以在其间形成环形通道。机器还设置有用于对环形腔进行压力密封的装置和用于控制套筒位移的装置。

7. 发明授权

US4606414A Percussive air tool 失效
标题翻译：冲击式气动工具
公开(公告)号：US4606414A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-19
申请号：US354753
申请日：1982-03-04
申请人： Vladimir V. Klimashko , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Vladimir D. Makeev , Vladimir P. Naboko , Alexandr D. Filonov , Petr N. Svita
发明人： Vladimir V. Klimashko , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Vladimir D. Makeev , Vladimir P. Naboko , Alexandr D. Filonov , Petr N. Svita
IPC分类号： B25D17/08
CPC分类号： B25D17/08 , Y10T279/17957 , Y10T403/635
摘要： A hollow housing has a piston hammer arranged for reciprocation therein. hammer has a rear end chamber, an air distributing valve secured in the rear end portion of the housing and adapted to be received by the rear end chamber of the piston hammer. A headpiece is secured to the forward end portion of the housing and subjected to impact of the piston hammer. A retainer embraces by at least one of its ends, the forward end portion of the housing and is disposed coaxially relative to the housing and the headpiece to ensure clamping of the forward end portion of the housing between the retainer and the headpiece.
摘要翻译：中空壳体具有布置成在其中往复运动的活塞锤。锤子具有后端腔室，一个固定在壳体的后端部分并适于被活塞锤的后端腔室容纳的空气分配阀。头盔固定在壳体的前端部分上并受到活塞锤的冲击。保持器包括其端部中的至少一个端部，壳体的前端部分并且相对于壳体和头端部同轴设置，以确保将壳体的前端部分夹持在保持器和头带之间。

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