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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Method of forming a thin electroconductive film
    • 形成薄导电膜的方法
    • US5266244A
    • 1993-11-30
    • US867202
    • 1992-06-30
    • Akira YabeHiroyuki NiinoMasashi Shimoyama
    • Akira YabeHiroyuki NiinoMasashi Shimoyama
    • B01J19/12B23K26/00B29C35/08B29C59/16B29C70/88C08J5/18C08J7/00H01B1/12H01B13/00
    • B29C70/882B01J19/121B01J19/122B29C59/16H01B1/125B29C2035/0838B29K2027/06B29K2027/08B29K2995/0005
    • A thin electroconductive film is formed by irradiating a shaped article of chlorinated vinyl polymer with a pulsive light having a pulse duration of not greater than 100 nsec., a fluence of above about 15 mJ/cm.sup.2 /pulse and below that at which the polymer is subject to ablation, a laser wavelength of from about 190 to about 300 nm, and repetition frequency of above about 1 Hz and below that at which the polymer is subject to deformation and/or decomposition by a regenerative function of irradiation, under vacuum or in an oxygen-free atmosphere, thereby irradiating the article with total photon numbers of at least 1.times.10.sup.18 /cm.sup.2 without causing photocrosslinking, oxidation or cleavage of the backbone chain. The invention does not use materials other than the starting polymer such as solvents or strong bases that can contaminate the thin film during a dehydrochlorination, so there is no need to remove solvents after reaction and no residual salts will be formed in the dehydrochlorination.
    • PCT No.PCT / JP91 / 00333 Sec。 371日期:1992年6月30日 102(e)日期1992年6月30日PCT 1991年3月12日PCT PCT。 公开号WO91 / 13680 PCT 日期:1991年9月19日。薄导电膜通过用脉冲持续时间不超过100nsec的脉冲光照射氯化乙烯基聚合物的成形制品,高于约15mJ / cm 2 /脉冲的注量和 聚合物可能在其下进行烧蚀,激光波长为约190至约300nm,重复频率高于约1Hz,低于聚合物通过再生功能变形和/或分解的频率 的照射,在真空下或在无氧气氛中,从而以不小于1×10 18 / cm 2的总光子数照射物品,而不引起主链的光交联,氧化或裂解。 本发明不使用起始聚合物以外的材料,例如在脱氯化氢中可能污染薄膜的溶剂或强碱,因此在反应后不需要除去溶剂,在脱氯化氢中不会形成残留的盐。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Optical system design method using real number surface number
    • 光系统设计方法采用实数表面数
    • US07852571B2
    • 2010-12-14
    • US11908054
    • 2005-05-13
    • Akira Yabe
    • Akira Yabe
    • G02B13/10
    • G02B27/0012
    • Generally, it is difficult to previously know an adequate position of a special optical surface such as an aspherical surface, a diffraction optical element, or an eccentric surface in an optical system. If a trial of designing an optical system with all the possible surface numbers is made, the number of combinations is very large, and the designing is often impossible. The invention solves such a problem and provides means for automatically and efficiently finding out the most suitable surface number of a special optical surface. According to the invention, the surface number of a special optical surface different from a spherical surface is expanded to a real number value, the constitution of an optical system including a special optical surface having a real number value surface number is defined, the real number value surface number is used as an independent variable for optimizing the optical system, and the best surface number of the special optical surface is determined. If the real number value surface number lies in the range from an integer n to an integer n+1, one method for defining the constitution of an optical system including the special optical surface is inserting one or more virtual optical surfaces between an optical surface n and an optical surface n+1 and setting the virtual optical surfaces as special optical surfaces determined by the characteristic values and the real number value surface numbers of the special optical surfaces and different from a spherical surface.
    • 通常,难以在光学系统中预先知道诸如非球面,衍射光学元件或偏心表面之类的特殊光学表面的适当位置。 如果设计具有所有可能的表面编号的光学系统的试验,组合的数量非常大,并且设计通常是不可能的。 本发明解决了这样一个问题,并且提供了用于自动和有效地找出特殊光学表面的最合适表面编号的装置。 根据本发明,将与球面不同的特殊光学面的表面数量扩展为实数值,定义包括具有实数值表面编号的特殊光学面的光学系统的结构,实数 值表面数被用作优化光学系统的独立变量,并确定特殊光学表面的最佳表面数。 如果实数值表面编号位于从整数n到整数n + 1的范围内,则用于定义包括特殊光学表面的光学系统的结构的一种方法是将一个或多个虚拟光学表面插入光学表面n 和光学表面n + 1,并且将虚拟光学表面设置为由特殊光学表面的特征值和实数值表面编号确定的特殊光学表面,并且不同于球形表面。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • OPTICAL SYSTEM DESIGN METHOD USING REAL NUMBER SURFACE NUMBER
    • 使用实数表面编号的光学系统设计方法
    • US20090063109A1
    • 2009-03-05
    • US11908054
    • 2005-05-13
    • Akira Yabe
    • Akira Yabe
    • G06F17/00
    • G02B27/0012
    • Generally, it is difficult to previously know an adequate position of a special optical surface such as an aspherical surface, a diffraction optical element, or an eccentric surface in an optical system. If a trial of designing an optical system with all the possible surface numbers is made, the number of combinations is very large, and the designing is often impossible. The invention solves such a problem and provides means for automatically and efficiently finding out the most suitable surface number of a special optical surface. According to the invention, the surface number of a special optical surface different from a spherical surface is expanded to a real number value, the constitution of an optical system including a special optical surface having a real number value surface number is defined, the real number value surface number is used as an independent variable for optimizing the optical system, and the best surface number of the special optical surface is determined. If the real number value surface number lies in the range from an integer n to an integer n+1, one method for defining the constitution of an optical system including the special optical surface is inserting one or more virtual optical surfaces between an optical surface n and an optical surface n+1 and setting the virtual optical surfaces as special optical surfaces determined by the characteristic values and the real number value surface numbers of the special optical surfaces and different from a spherical surface.
    • 通常,难以在光学系统中预先知道诸如非球面,衍射光学元件或偏心表面之类的特殊光学表面的适当位置。 如果设计具有所有可能的表面编号的光学系统的试验,组合的数量非常大,并且设计通常是不可能的。 本发明解决了这样一个问题,并且提供了用于自动和有效地找出特殊光学表面的最合适表面编号的装置。 根据本发明,将与球面不同的特殊光学面的表面数量扩展为实数值,定义包括具有实数值表面编号的特殊光学面的光学系统的结构,实数 值表面数被用作优化光学系统的独立变量,并确定特殊光学表面的最佳表面数。 如果实数值表面编号位于从整数n到整数n + 1的范围内,则用于定义包括特殊光学表面的光学系统的结构的一种方法是将一个或多个虚拟光学表面插入光学表面n 和光学表面n + 1,并且将虚拟光学表面设置为由特殊光学表面的特征值和实数值表面编号确定的特殊光学表面,并且不同于球形表面。