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1. 发明授权

US07788464B2 Scalability of virtual TLBs for multi-processor virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：用于多处理器虚拟机的虚拟TLB的可扩展性
公开(公告)号：US07788464B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-31
申请号：US11644502
申请日：2006-12-22
申请人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Ernest S. Cohen , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
发明人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Ernest S. Cohen , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
IPC分类号： G06F12/10
CPC分类号： G06F12/1027
摘要： Various operations are provided that improve the scalability of virtual TLBs in multi-processor virtual machines, and they include: implicitly locking SPTs using per-processor generation counters; waiting for pending fills on other virtual processors to complete before servicing a GVA invalidation using the counters; write-protecting or unmaping guest pages in a deferred two-stage process or reclaiming SPTs in a deferred two-stage process; periodically coalescing two SPTs that shadow the same GPT with the same attributes; sharing SPTs between two SASes only at a specified level in a SPTT; flushing the entire virtual TLB using a generation counter; allocating a SPT to GPT from a NUMA node on which the GPT resides; having an instance for each NUMA node on which a virtual machine runs; and, correctly handling the serializing instructions executed by a guest in a virtual machine with more than one virtual processor sharing the virtual TLB.
摘要翻译：提供了提高多处理器虚拟机中虚拟TLB可扩展性的各种操作，包括：使用每处理器生成计数器隐式锁定SPT; 在使用计数器服务GVA无效之前等待其他虚拟处理器上的待处理填充; 在延迟的两阶段过程中写入保护或取消映射访客页面或在延迟的两阶段过程中回收SPT; 定期合并两个具有相同属性的相同GPT的SPT; 在SPTT之间仅在指定级别共享两个SAS之间的SPT; 使用生成计数器刷新整个虚拟TLB; 从GPT所在的NUMA节点向GPT分配SPT; 具有运行虚拟机的每个NUMA节点的实例; 并且正确地处理由具有多个共享虚拟TLB的虚拟处理器的虚拟机中的来宾执行的序列化指令。

2. 发明授权

US08615643B2 Operational efficiency of virtual TLBs 有权
公开(公告)号：US08615643B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-24
申请号：US11634782
申请日：2006-12-05
申请人： Ernest S. Cohen , John Te-Jui Sheu , Landy Wang , Matthew D. Hendel , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
发明人： Ernest S. Cohen , John Te-Jui Sheu , Landy Wang , Matthew D. Hendel , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/1027 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2212/651 , G06F2212/654
摘要： Various mechanisms are disclosed for improving the operational efficiency of a virtual translation look-aside buffer (TLB) in a virtual machine environment. For example, one mechanism fills in entries in a shadow page table (SPT) and additionally, speculatively fills in other entries in the SPT based on various heuristics. Another mechanism allows virtual TLBs (translation look-aside buffers) to cache partial walks in a guest page table tree. Still another mechanism allows for dynamic resizing of the virtual TLB to optimize for run-time characteristics of active workloads. Still another mechanism allows virtual machine monitors (VMMs) to support legacy and enlightened modes of virtual TLB operation. Finally, another mechanism allows the VMM to remove only the stale entries in SPTs when linking or switching address spaces. All these mechanisms, together or in part, increase the operational efficiency of the virtual TLB.

3. 发明申请

US20080134174A1 Reduction of operational costs of virtual TLBs 有权
标题翻译：降低虚拟TLB的运营成本
公开(公告)号：US20080134174A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-05
申请号：US11634538
申请日：2006-12-05
申请人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Ernest S. Cohen , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
发明人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Ernest S. Cohen , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
IPC分类号： G06F12/10 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F12/1036
摘要： Various operations are disclosed for improving the operational efficiency of a virtual translation look-aside buffer (TLB) in a virtual machine environment. For example, operations are disclosed that allow for determination of whether present entries in shadow page tables (SPTs) are stale by comparing shadowed guest page table (GPT) entries against snapshots taken when the entries were cached. Other operations are disclosed that allow a virtual machine monitor (VMM) to access shadow page table trees (SPTTs) by walking trees in software or in hardware. Still other operations are disclosed allowing the VMM to use a hash table to relate GVA ranges to SPTs that map them, thus significantly reducing the cost of having to walk each SPTT in order to invalidate desired GVA(s). And, finally, operations are disclosed allowing the VMM to determine global GVA ranges by checking a bitmap, when invalidating global GVAs.
摘要翻译：公开了用于提高虚拟机环境中的虚拟翻译后备缓冲器（TLB）的操作效率的各种操作。例如，披露了允许通过比较阴影的访客页表（GPT）条目与条目被缓存时拍摄的快照来确定影子页表（SPT）中的现有条目是否过时的操作。公开了允许虚拟机监视器（VMM）通过软件或硬件中的步行树来访问影子页表树（SPTT）的其他操作。还公开了其他操作，允许VMM使用散列表将GVA范围与映射它们的SPT相关联，从而显着降低了必须走每个SPTT以使所需GVA无效的成本。最后，公开了操作，允许VMM通过在使全局GVAs无效时检查位图来确定全局GVA范围。

4. 发明申请

US20110165890A1 Determining a Geographical Location 有权
标题翻译：确定地理位置
公开(公告)号：US20110165890A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-07
申请号：US12914562
申请日：2010-10-28
申请人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jenson , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. Lebeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
发明人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jenson , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. Lebeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
IPC分类号： H04W24/00 , H04W4/02
CPC分类号： G01C21/3608 , G01C21/265 , G01C21/362 , G01C21/3661 , G01C21/367 , G06F1/1626 , G06F1/1632 , G06F1/266 , G06F1/3265 , G06F1/329 , G06F17/30061 , G06F17/30769 , G06F2200/1614 , H04M1/04 , H04M1/7253 , H04M1/72533 , H04M1/72569 , H04M1/72572 , H04M2250/02 , H04M2250/74 , Y02D10/153
摘要： In general, the subject matter described in this specification can be embodied in methods systems, and program products for determining a change in a mode of transportation. A change in a mode of transportation of the mobile computing device may be determined by determining that a speed of the mobile computing device has changed. A first geographical location is stored as a geographical location of the mobile computing device that corresponds to the change in mode of transportation. A graphical indication of the first geographical location is displayed. The graphical indication of the first geographical location is different than graphical indications for one or more other geographical locations of the mobile computing device at one or more other times. The one or more other geographical locations were not determined to correspond to a change in mode of transportation.
摘要翻译：通常，本说明书中描述的主题可以体现在方法系统和用于确定运输方式变化的程序产品中。可以通过确定移动计算设备的速度已经改变来确定移动计算设备的传输模式的改变。第一地理位置被存储为与运输方式的变化相对应的移动计算设备的地理位置。显示第一个地理位置的图形指示。第一地理位置的图形指示不同于在一个或多个其他时间的移动计算设备的一个或多个其他地理位置的图形指示。一个或多个其他地理位置未被确定为对应于运输方式的变化。

5. 发明授权

US09323303B2 Determining a geographical location 有权
标题翻译：确定地理位置
公开(公告)号：US09323303B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-26
申请号：US13250738
申请日：2011-09-30
申请人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jenson , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. LeBeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
发明人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jenson , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. LeBeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
IPC分类号： H04M1/04 , G06F1/26 , G01C21/26 , G01C21/36 , G06F1/32 , H04M1/725 , G06F1/16
CPC分类号： G01C21/3608 , G01C21/265 , G01C21/362 , G01C21/3661 , G01C21/367 , G06F1/1626 , G06F1/1632 , G06F1/266 , G06F1/3265 , G06F1/329 , G06F17/30061 , G06F17/30769 , G06F2200/1614 , H04M1/04 , H04M1/7253 , H04M1/72533 , H04M1/72569 , H04M1/72572 , H04M2250/02 , H04M2250/74 , Y02D10/153
摘要： In general, the subject matter described in this specification can be embodied in methods systems, and program products for determining a change in a mode of transportation. A change in a mode of transportation of the mobile computing device may be determined by determining that a speed of the mobile computing device has changed. A first geographical location is stored as a geographical location of the mobile computing device that corresponds to the change in mode of transportation. A graphical indication of the first geographical location is displayed. The graphical indication of the first geographical location is different than graphical indications for one or more other geographical locations of the mobile computing device at one or more other times. The one or more other geographical locations were not determined to correspond to a change in mode of transportation.
摘要翻译：通常，本说明书中描述的主题可以体现在方法系统和用于确定运输方式变化的程序产品中。可以通过确定移动计算设备的速度已经改变来确定移动计算设备的传输模式的改变。第一地理位置被存储为与运输方式的变化相对应的移动计算设备的地理位置。显示第一个地理位置的图形指示。第一地理位置的图形指示不同于在一个或多个其他时间的移动计算设备的一个或多个其他地理位置的图形指示。一个或多个其他地理位置未被确定为对应于运输方式的变化。

6. 发明授权

US08694712B2 Reduction of operational costs of virtual TLBs 有权
标题翻译：降低虚拟TLB的运营成本
公开(公告)号：US08694712B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-08
申请号：US11634538
申请日：2006-12-05
申请人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Ernest S. Cohen , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
发明人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Ernest S. Cohen , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F12/1036
摘要： Various operations are disclosed for improving the operational efficiency of a virtual translation look-aside buffer (TLB) in a virtual machine environment. For example, operations are disclosed that allow for determination of whether present entries in shadow page tables (SPTs) are stale by comparing shadowed guest page table (GPT) entries against snapshots taken when the entries were cached. Other operations are disclosed that allow a virtual machine monitor (VMM) to access shadow page table trees (SPTTs) by walking trees in software or in hardware. Still other operations are disclosed allowing the VMM to use a hash table to relate GVA ranges to SPTs that map them, thus significantly reducing the cost of having to walk each SPTT in order to invalidate desired GVA(s). And, finally, operations are disclosed allowing the VMM to determine global GVA ranges by checking a bitmap, when invalidating global GVAs.
摘要翻译：公开了用于提高虚拟机环境中的虚拟翻译后备缓冲器（TLB）的操作效率的各种操作。例如，披露了允许通过比较阴影的访客页表（GPT）条目与条目被缓存时拍摄的快照来确定影子页表（SPT）中的现有条目是否过时的操作。公开了允许虚拟机监视器（VMM）通过软件或硬件中的步行树来访问影子页表树（SPTT）的其他操作。还公开了其他操作，允许VMM使用散列表将GVA范围与映射它们的SPT相关联，从而显着降低了必须走每个SPTT以使所需GVA无效的成本。最后，公开了操作，允许VMM通过在使全局GVAs无效时检查位图来确定全局GVA范围。

7. 发明申请

US20080155168A1 Scalability of virtual TLBs for multi-processor virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：用于多处理器虚拟机的虚拟TLB的可扩展性
公开(公告)号：US20080155168A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-26
申请号：US11644502
申请日：2006-12-22
申请人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Ernest S. Cohen , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
发明人： John Te-Jui Sheu , Ernest S. Cohen , Matthew D. Hendel , Landy Wang , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
IPC分类号： G06F12/10
CPC分类号： G06F12/1027
摘要： Various operations are provided that improve the scalability of virtual TLBs in multi-processor virtual machines, and they include: implicitly locking SPTs using per-processor generation counters; waiting for pending fills on other virtual processors to complete before servicing a GVA invalidation using the counters; write-protecting or unmaping guest pages in a deferred two-stage process or reclaiming SPTs in a deferred two-stage process; periodically coalescing two SPTs that shadow the same GPT with the same attributes; sharing SPTs between two SASes only at a specified level in a SPTT; flushing the entire virtual TLB using a generation counter; allocating a SPT to GPT from a NUMA node on which the GPT resides; having an instance for each NUMA node on which a virtual machine runs; and, correctly handling the serializing instructions executed by a guest in a virtual machine with more than one virtual processor sharing the virtual TLB.
摘要翻译：提供了提高多处理器虚拟机中虚拟TLB可扩展性的各种操作，包括：使用每处理器生成计数器隐式锁定SPT; 在使用计数器服务GVA无效之前等待其他虚拟处理器上的待处理填充; 在延迟的两阶段过程中写入保护或取消映射访客页面或在延迟的两阶段过程中回收SPT; 定期合并两个具有相同属性的相同GPT的SPT; 在SPTT之间仅在指定级别共享两个SAS之间的SPT; 使用生成计数器刷新整个虚拟TLB; 从GPT所在的NUMA节点向GPT分配SPT; 具有运行虚拟机的每个NUMA节点的实例; 并且正确地处理由具有多个共享虚拟TLB的虚拟处理器的虚拟机中的来宾执行的序列化指令。

8. 发明授权

US08744495B2 Determining a geographical location 有权
标题翻译：确定地理位置
公开(公告)号：US08744495B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-03
申请号：US12914562
申请日：2010-10-28
申请人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jenson , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. Lebeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
发明人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jenson , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. Lebeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
IPC分类号： H04W24/00
CPC分类号： G01C21/3608 , G01C21/265 , G01C21/362 , G01C21/3661 , G01C21/367 , G06F1/1626 , G06F1/1632 , G06F1/266 , G06F1/3265 , G06F1/329 , G06F17/30061 , G06F17/30769 , G06F2200/1614 , H04M1/04 , H04M1/7253 , H04M1/72533 , H04M1/72569 , H04M1/72572 , H04M2250/02 , H04M2250/74 , Y02D10/153
摘要： In general, the subject matter described in this specification can be embodied in methods systems, and program products for determining a change in a mode of transportation. A change in a mode of transportation of the mobile computing device may be determined by determining that a speed of the mobile computing device has changed. A first geographical location is stored as a geographical location of the mobile computing device that corresponds to the change in mode of transportation. A graphical indication of the first geographical location is displayed. The graphical indication of the first geographical location is different than graphical indications for one or more other geographical locations of the mobile computing device at one or more other times. The one or more other geographical locations were not determined to correspond to a change in mode of transportation.
摘要翻译：通常，本说明书中描述的主题可以体现在方法系统和用于确定运输方式变化的程序产品中。可以通过确定移动计算设备的速度已经改变来确定移动计算设备的传输模式的改变。第一地理位置被存储为与运输方式的变化相对应的移动计算设备的地理位置。显示第一个地理位置的图形指示。第一地理位置的图形指示不同于在一个或多个其他时间的移动计算设备的一个或多个其他地理位置的图形指示。一个或多个其他地理位置未被确定为对应于运输方式的变化。

9. 发明申请

US20120021778A1 DETERMINING A GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION 有权
标题翻译：确定地理位置
公开(公告)号：US20120021778A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-26
申请号：US13250738
申请日：2011-09-30
申请人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jensen , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. LeBeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
发明人： Casey Ho , Sharvil A. Nanavati , Scott Jensen , Jerry Morrison , Michael J. LeBeau , Sanjay Mavinkurve , Fred Gilbert , Will Dzierson
IPC分类号： H04W64/00
CPC分类号： G01C21/3608 , G01C21/265 , G01C21/362 , G01C21/3661 , G01C21/367 , G06F1/1626 , G06F1/1632 , G06F1/266 , G06F1/3265 , G06F1/329 , G06F17/30061 , G06F17/30769 , G06F2200/1614 , H04M1/04 , H04M1/7253 , H04M1/72533 , H04M1/72569 , H04M1/72572 , H04M2250/02 , H04M2250/74 , Y02D10/153
摘要： In general, the subject matter described in this specification can be embodied in methods systems, and program products for determining a change in a mode of transportation. A change in a mode of transportation of the mobile computing device may be determined by determining that a speed of the mobile computing device has changed. A first geographical location is stored as a geographical location of the mobile computing device that corresponds to the change in mode of transportation. A graphical indication of the first geographical location is displayed. The graphical indication of the first geographical location is different than graphical indications for one or more other geographical locations of the mobile computing device at one or more other times. The one or more other geographical locations were not determined to correspond to a change in mode of transportation.
摘要翻译：通常，本说明书中描述的主题可以体现在方法系统和用于确定运输方式变化的程序产品中。可以通过确定移动计算设备的速度已经改变来确定移动计算设备的传输模式的改变。第一地理位置被存储为与运输方式的变化相对应的移动计算设备的地理位置。显示第一个地理位置的图形指示。第一地理位置的图形指示不同于在一个或多个其他时间的移动计算设备的一个或多个其他地理位置的图形指示。一个或多个其他地理位置未被确定为对应于运输方式的变化。

10. 发明申请

US20080133875A1 Operational efficiency of virtual TLBs 有权
标题翻译：虚拟TLB的运行效率
公开(公告)号：US20080133875A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-05
申请号：US11634782
申请日：2006-12-05
申请人： Ernest S. Cohen , John Te-Jui Sheu , Landy Wang , Matthew D. Hendel , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
发明人： Ernest S. Cohen , John Te-Jui Sheu , Landy Wang , Matthew D. Hendel , Rene Antonio Vega , Sharvil A. Nanavati
IPC分类号： G06F9/34
CPC分类号： G06F12/1027 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2212/651 , G06F2212/654
摘要： Various mechanisms are disclosed for improving the operational efficiency of a virtual translation look-aside buffer (TLB) in a virtual machine environment. For example, one mechanism fills in entries in a shadow page table (SPT) and additionally, speculatively fills in other entries in the SPT based on various heuristics. Another mechanism allows virtual TLBs (translation look-aside buffers) to cache partial walks in a guest page table tree. Still another mechanism allows for dynamic resizing of the virtual TLB to optimize for run-time characteristics of active workloads. Still another mechanism allows virtual machine monitors (VMMs) to support legacy and enlightened modes of virtual TLB operation. Finally, another mechanism allows the VMM to remove only the stale entries in SPTs when linking or switching address spaces. All these mechanisms, together or in part, increase the operational efficiency of the virtual TLB.
摘要翻译：公开了用于提高虚拟机环境中的虚拟翻译后备缓冲器（TLB）的操作效率的各种机制。例如，一个机制填充影子页表（SPT）中的条目，另外，基于各种启发式，推测性地填写SPT中的其他条目。另一种机制允许虚拟TLB（转换后备缓冲区）在访客页表树中缓存部分散步。另一种机制允许虚拟TLB的动态调整大小以优化活动工作负载的运行时特性。另一种机制允许虚拟机监视器（VMM）支持传统和开明的虚拟TLB操作模式。最后，另一种机制允许VMM在链接或切换地址空间时删除SPT中的陈旧条目。所有这些机制，共同或部分地提高了虚拟TLB的运营效率。

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