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1. 发明专利

GB568135A Improvements in the manufacture of titanium compounds 未知
公开(公告)号：GB568135A
公开(公告)日：1945-03-20
申请号：GB949943
申请日：1943-06-12
申请人： PETER SPENCE & SONS LTD , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL , ALGIE HANCOCK
摘要： A precipitant for lakes is obtained by adding titanium tetrachloride to an aqueous solution of an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound and an alcohol containing not more than ten carbon atoms and driving off the resulting hydrogen chloride and the water and alcohol by heating in vacuo. In an example, titanium tetrachloride is added to aqueous glycerol and methylated spirits. By heating in vacuo and stirring, a dry product is obtained. Glycol may be used in place of glycerol. Specification 462,968 is referred to.

2. 发明专利

GB360034A Improvements in the manufacture of coated papers 未知
公开(公告)号：GB360034A
公开(公告)日：1931-11-02
申请号：GB2318030
申请日：1930-08-01
申请人： FRANK WILLIAM BAILEY , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL , HOWARD SPENCE , PETER SPENCE & SONS LTD
IPC分类号： D21H19/38
摘要： 360,034. Coated paper. BAILEY, F. W., College of Technology, CRUNDALL, S. F.W., SPENCE, H., and SPENCE & SONS, Ltd., P., National Buildings, St. Mary's Parsonage, both in Manchester. Aug. 1, 1930, No. 23180. [Classes 96 and 140.] Finely divided anhydrous calcium sulphate of close texture which may be prepared as described in Specification 319,228, [Class 1 (iii), Oxides &c., Metallic], is used for coating paper. Casein, gelatine, &c. may be used as adhesives, and the coated paper may be calendered, or brushed and calendered. In an example, the pigment of a coating mixture comprises equal parts of china clay and anhydrous calcium sulphate.

3. 发明专利

NL159938C 未知
公开(公告)号：NL159938C
公开(公告)日：1979-09-17
申请号：NL6704052
申请日：1967-03-17
申请人： SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL
IPC分类号： B01D21/00 , C02F1/52 , C02C1/22 , B01D29/04

4. 发明专利

GB1109234A Improvements in and relating to the de-watering of sewage sludge 未知
公开(公告)号：GB1109234A
公开(公告)日：1968-04-10
申请号：GB1596665
申请日：1965-04-14
申请人： SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL , ARTHUR ROBERT CRUNDALL , MARTIN LAWRENCE CRUNDALL
IPC分类号： C02F11/12 , G03C5/32
摘要： 1,109,234. Filter. S. F. W. CRUNDALL, A. R. CRUNDALL and M. L. CRUNDALL. 13 April, 1966 [14 April, 1965], No. 15966/65. Addition to 969768. Heading B1D. The method and apparatus of Specification 969,768 are modified by making the perforate member (2) on which the solids of the sewage sludge are left of expanded metal.

5. 发明专利

GB1045731A Improvements in or relating to coagulation and/or conditioning of sewage sludges 未知
公开(公告)号：GB1045731A
公开(公告)日：1966-10-19
申请号：GB1608862
申请日：1962-04-27
申请人： PETER SPENCE & SONS LTD , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL
发明人： CRUNDALL SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIA , CRUNDALL ARTHUR ROBERT
IPC分类号： C02F1/52
摘要： Sewage sludge is coagulated by aqueous solutions of conditioners of a concentration not greater than 0.075/by weight. Inorganic conditioners are calculated as metal oxides. Exemplified is aluminium chlorohydrate expressed as Al2O3.

6. 发明专利

GB611551A Improved manufacture of ª‰-methylnaphthalene 未知
公开(公告)号：GB611551A
公开(公告)日：1948-11-01
申请号：GB1310546
申请日：1946-05-01
申请人： PETER SPENCE & SONS LTD , JOSEPH CHATT , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL , NICHOLAS MICHAEL CULLINANE
IPC分类号： C07C2/86
摘要： Essentially pure b -methylnaphthalene free from a -methylnaphthalene is prepared by interacting naphthalene and methyl ether in the presence of an aluminium silicate catalyst within the temperature range of 200 to 700 DEG C. Small quantities of dimethylnaphthalenes are also obtained. In an example, naphthalene vapours and methyl ether are passed into the top of a tube containing aluminium silicate at a temperature of 450 DEG C., and the products issuing from the bottom of the tube are condensed and fractionated to yield b -methylnaphthalene. Specification 571,123, [Group III], is referred to.

7. 发明专利

GB378906A Improvements in or relating to the preparation of titanium compounds 未知
公开(公告)号：GB378906A
公开(公告)日：1932-08-15
申请号：GB1094031
申请日：1931-04-14
申请人： PETER SPENCE & SONS LTD , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL
IPC分类号： C01G23/00
摘要： A basic titanium oxalate is obtained by precipitation from a mineral acid solution of tetravalent titanium under regulated conditions of neutralization, dilution, presence of oxalate radicle, and temperature. For instance a solution of titanium sulphate may be treated with calcium carbonate, with or without separation of the calcium sulphate precipitated, until it contains 0,6-0,7 mols. of SO3 to each mol. of TiO2, dilution be effected until the solution contains 3 per cent weight by volume of TiO2, and precipitation be effected by addition of 0,15-0,3 mols. of oxalic acid per mol. TiO2. Precipitation is preferably carried out below 50 DEG C. and may be effected in presence of an extender such as barium or calcium sulphate as by neutralizing with an alkaline-earth metal carbonate or precipitating with an alkaline-earth metal oxalate. Solutions consisting largely or entirely of chloride need less neutralization, whilst the character of the precipitate may be favourably influenced by the presence of sodium chloride. By leaving a small portion of the TiO2 in solution a purer product is precipitated. The basic oxalate obtained at low temperatures is readily soluble in acids, and by treatment with alkali titanium hydroxide also readily soluble in acids may be produced. The products obtained from the process may be dried and calcined to form pigments.

8. 发明专利

BE609817A Déshydratation des boues d'égout 未知
公开(公告)号：BE609817A
公开(公告)日：1962-02-15
申请号：BE609817
申请日：1961-10-31
申请人： BRITISH WEDGE WIRE COMPANY LTD , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL

9. 发明专利

GB630631A Improvements in the flocculation of sewage suspensions and sludges 未知
公开(公告)号：GB630631A
公开(公告)日：1949-10-18
申请号：GB1361347
申请日：1947-05-21
申请人： PETER SPENCE & SONS LTD , JOHN HOLLEY HARWOOD , JOHN KERR , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL
IPC分类号： C02F1/52 , C02F11/12
摘要： Sewage suspensions and sludge, particularly digested and activated sludge, are flocculated by basic chloride solutions of aluminium and/or iron. The solutions may be prepared by known methods and may be of any desired basicity containing, e.g., only 75 per cent. of the hydrochloric acid content of the normal salt. According to the Provisional Specification, solutions may also be prepared by electrolysis, containing only 10 per cent. of the hydrochloric acid content of the normal salt.

10. 发明专利

GB462968A Preparation of improved colour lakes 未知
公开(公告)号：GB462968A
公开(公告)日：1937-03-12
申请号：GB1689135
申请日：1935-06-12
申请人： ALGIE HANCOCK , SYDNEY FRANCIS WILLIAM CRUNDAL , PETER SPENCE & SONS LTD
IPC分类号： C09B69/04
摘要： Colour lakes are manufactured by precipitating soluble dyestuffs or colour-producing compounds, if desired on to bases or substrata, by means of precipitants containing titanium compounds. In the case of acid dyestuffs, titanium compounds may be used in place of barium and calcium compounds. With basic dyestuffs or their leuco compounds there may be used heteropoly compounds of titanium with molybdic, tungstic, arsenic, phosphoric, silicic, selenious or antimonic acid, e.g. titaniummolybdenum, titanium - tungsten, titaniummolybdenum-tungsten or titanium-phosphomolybdenum-tungsten complexes (obtainable by the addition of a solution of a suitable salt of titanium, e.g. titanium sulphate, titanium tetrachloride, titanium potassium oxalate or titanium phosphate, to a solution of the other ingredients, boiling or evaporating, and salting out the titanium complex, e.g. by means of ammonium or sodium chloride). Compounds of titanium with organic hydroxy compounds, e.g. glycerol or glycol (obtainable by reacting an anhydrous halide compound of titanium with the organic hydroxy compound, e.g. by reacting titanium tetrachloride with glycerol to form a titanium glycerol compound containing combined halogen and, if desired, partially or wholly expelling the free hydrochloric acid by heating), may be used as precipitants, particularly for acid dyestuffs. The properties of the lakes from basic or acid dyestuffs and titanium precipitants are in many cases improved by carrying out the lake formation in the presence of organic hydroxy compounds, e.g. glycerol or glycol. The titanium precipitants may be used in conjunction with other precipitants, or the dyestuff may be partially precipitated with known precipitants and a titanium precipitant then added, if desired in excess. The precipitation may be carried out at ordinary or elevated temperatures, and the lake paste may be subsequently heated or boiled at atmospheric pressure or heated under increased pressure. In examples: (1) Rhodamine B is precipitated by means of a titanium molybdo-tungstate solution, prepared by boiling an aqueous solution of sodium tungstate, sodium molybdate and titanium tetrachloride; (2) Brilliant Green Y is similarly precipitated; (3) Methyl Violet 2B is precipitated by means of a solution prepared by boiling an aqueous solution of sodium tungstate, sodium molybdate, sodium phosphate and titanium tetrachloride; (4) a solution of titanium phosphate and oxalic acid is added to a solution of Methyl Violet 2B and sodium tungstate containing alumina-blanc-fixe base in suspension; (5) Acid Scarlet 2R is precipitated on alumina-blanc-fixe by means of a solution of titanic hydrate in hydrochloric acid; (6) Quinoline Yellow is precipitated on alumina hydrate by means of a solution of titanium tetrachloride; (7) Erioglaucine A high conc. is precipitated on alumina hydrate by means of a compound from titanium tetrachloride and glycerol; (8) in the process of (7), the dyestuff is first partially precipitated by means of barium chloride; (9) Acid Scarlet 2R is precipitated on alumina-blanc-fixe by means of a compound from titanium tetrachloride and glycerol. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 254,350, [Class 2 (iii), 365,534, and 408,492.ALSO:Heteropoly compounds of titanium with molybdic, tungstic, arsenic, phosphoric, silicic, selenious or antimonic acid, e.g. titaniummolybdenum, titanium-tungsten, titaniummolybdenum-tungsten and titanium-phosphomolybdenum-tungsten complexes, are manufactured by adding a solution of a suitable salt of titanium, e.g. titanium sulphate, titanium tetrachloride, titanium potassium oxalate or titanium phosphate, to a solution of the other ingredients, boiling or evaporating, and salting out the titanium complex, e.g. by means of ammonium or sodium chloride. In examples, the following compounds are reacted in boiling aqueous solution: (1) sodium tungstate, sodium molybdate and titanium tetrachloride; (2) as in (1) with the addition of sodium phosphate. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 254,350, [Class 2 (iii)], 365,534, and 408,492, [both in Group IV].

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