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1. 发明授权

US5354535A Synthesis of highly phase pure (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor 失效
标题翻译：高纯相（Bi，Pb）-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体的合成
公开(公告)号：US5354535A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-11
申请号：US43652
申请日：1993-04-06
申请人： Stephen E. Dorris , Roger B. Poeppel , Barton C. Prorok , Michael T. Lanagan , Victor A. Maroni
发明人： Stephen E. Dorris , Roger B. Poeppel , Barton C. Prorok , Michael T. Lanagan , Victor A. Maroni
IPC分类号： C04B35/45 , H01L39/24 , B22F1/00 , B22F3/12
CPC分类号： C04B35/4525 , H01L39/248 , Y10S505/823 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12049 , Y10T428/12333
摘要： An article and method of manufacture of (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor. The superconductor is manufactured by preparing a first powdered mixture of bismuth oxide, lead oxide, strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. A second powdered mixture is then prepared of strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. The mixtures are calcined separately with the two mixtures then combined. The resulting combined mixture is then subjected to a powder in tube deformation and thermal processing to produce a substantially phase pure (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor.
摘要翻译：（Bi，Pb）-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体的制造方法和制造方法。超导体通过制备氧化铋，氧化铅，碳酸锶，碳酸钙和氧化铜的第一粉末混合物来制造。然后制备碳酸锶，碳酸钙和氧化铜的第二种粉末状混合物。混合物分别煅烧，然后混合两种混合物。然后将所得到的混合物经受管变形和热处理的粉末，以产生基本上相纯的（Bi，Pb）-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体。

2. 发明授权

US5045528A Acoustic plane wave preferential orientation of metal oxide superconducting materials 失效
标题翻译：金属氧化物超导材料的声平面波优先取向
公开(公告)号：US5045528A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US101819
申请日：1987-09-28
申请人： Thomas L. Tolt , Roger B. Poeppel
发明人： Thomas L. Tolt , Roger B. Poeppel
IPC分类号： C30B1/12 , C30B33/00 , H01L39/14 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/2419 , C30B1/12 , C30B29/22 , C30B29/225 , C30B29/605 , C30B33/00 , H01L39/143 , Y10S505/74 , Y10S505/741
摘要： A polycrystalline metal oxide such as YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-X (where 0
摘要翻译：诸如YBa2Cu3O7-X（其中0

3. 发明授权

US5525586A Method of producing improved microstructure and properties for ceramic superconductors 失效
标题翻译：陶瓷超导体的改进微结构和性能的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5525586A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US306927
申请日：1994-09-15
申请人： Jitendra P. Singh , Rob A. Guttschow , Joseph T. Dusek , Roger B. Poeppel
发明人： Jitendra P. Singh , Rob A. Guttschow , Joseph T. Dusek , Roger B. Poeppel
IPC分类号： H01L39/24 , H01L39/12
CPC分类号： H01L39/2419
摘要： A ceramic superconductor is produced by close control of oxygen partial pressure during sintering of the material. The resulting microstructure of YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x indicates that sintering kinetics are enhanced at reduced p(O.sub.2). The density of specimens sintered at 910.degree. C. increased from 79 to 94% theoretical when p(O.sub.2) was decreased from 0.1 to 0.0001 MPa. The increase in density with decrease in p(O.sub.2) derives from enhanced sintering kinetics, due to increased defect concentration and decreased activation energy of the rate-controlling species undergoing diffusion. Sintering at 910.degree. C. resulted in a fine-grain microstructure, with an average grain size of approximately 4 .mu.m. Such a microstructure results in reduced microcracking, strengths as high as 191 MPa and high critical current density capacity.
摘要翻译：陶瓷超导体是通过在材料烧结过程中紧密控制氧分压而产生的。所得到的YBa2Cu3Ox微观结构表明烧结动力学在降低的p（O 2）下得到增强。当p（O2）从0.1降低到0.0001 MPa时，在910℃下烧结的样品的密度从理论上从79增加到94％。由于增加的缺陷浓度和速率控制物质经历扩散的活化能降低，p（O 2）的密度增加来自增强的烧结动力学。在910℃下烧结导致细晶粒微观结构，平均晶粒尺寸约为4μm。这种微观结构导致微裂纹减少，强度高达191MPa和高临界电流密度容量。

4. 发明授权

US5426094A High temperature superconductor current leads 失效
标题翻译：高温超导体电流引线
公开(公告)号：US5426094A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-20
申请号：US641822
申请日：1991-01-16
申请人： John R. Hull , Roger B. Poeppel
发明人： John R. Hull , Roger B. Poeppel
IPC分类号： F17C13/00 , H01F6/06 , H01R4/68 , H01B12/00
CPC分类号： H01F6/065 , H01R4/68 , Y10S505/884 , Y10S505/887
摘要： An electrical lead having one end for connection to an apparatus in a cryogenic environment and the other end for connection to an apparatus outside the cryogenic environment. The electrical lead includes a high temperature superconductor wire and an electrically conductive material distributed therein, where the conductive material is present at the one end of the lead at a concentration in the range of from 0 to about 3% by volume, and at the other end of the lead at a concentration of less than about 20% by volume. Various embodiments are shown for groups of high temperature superconductor wires and sheaths.
摘要翻译：一个电导线，其一端用于连接到低温环境中的装置，另一端用于连接到低温环境外的装置。电引线包括高温超导体导线和分布在其中的导电材料，其中导电材料以浓度为0至约3体积％的浓度存在于引线的一端，而在另一个浓度低于约20体积％的铅的末端。针对高温超导体电线和护套组示出了各种实施例。

5. 发明授权

US4705563A Methods and apparatus for reducing corrosion in refractory linings 失效
$Methods and apparatus for reducing corrosion in refractory linings$
标题翻译：减少耐火衬里腐蚀的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4705563A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-10
申请号：US922363
申请日：1986-10-23
申请人： Roger B. Poeppel , Sherman Greenberg , Dwight R. Diercks
发明人： Roger B. Poeppel , Sherman Greenberg , Dwight R. Diercks
IPC分类号： C21B13/00 , C21C5/44 , F27B3/14 , F27D1/16 , F27D3/16 , C22B9/00
CPC分类号： F27B3/14 , C21C5/44 , F27D1/1678 , F27D2003/161
摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for reducing corrosion in a refractory lining of a liquid-containing vessel used in direct steelmaking processes. The vessel operates at between about 1600.degree. C. and about 1800.degree. C. and an oxygen partial pressure of about 10.sup.-12 atmospheres, creating slag which is rich in FeO. The refractory lining includes a significant level of chromium oxide (Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3), and has small interconnected pores which may be filled with a gas mixture having a higher total pressure and oxygen partial pressure than the total pressure and oxygen partial pressure associted with the liquid against the lining of the vessel.The gas mixture is forced through the pores of the lining so that the pores are continuously filled with the mixture. In this manner, the gas mixture creates a blanket which increases the oxygen partial pressure at the lining enough to maintain the chromium in the lining in a selected valence state in which the chromium has decreased solubility in the FeO slag, thereby reducing corrosion by the FeO and increasing the useful life of the refractory lining.
摘要翻译：提供了用于减少在直接炼钢过程中使用的含液体容器的耐火衬里中的腐蚀的方法和装置。容器在约1600℃至约1800℃之间运行，氧分压约为10-12个大气压，产生富含FeO的炉渣。耐火衬里包括显着水平的氧化铬（Cr 2 O 3），并且具有小的互连孔，其可以填充具有比与液体相反的总压力和氧分压更高的总压力和氧分压的气体混合物船内衬。气体混合物被迫通过衬里的孔，使得孔被连续填充混合物。以这种方式，气体混合物产生毯子，其增加衬里处的氧分压足以将衬里中的铬保持在选定的价态中，其中铬在FeO炉渣中具有降低的溶解度，从而减少FeO的腐蚀并增加耐火衬里的使用寿命。

6. 发明授权

US5086034A Calcination and solid state reaction of ceramic-forming components to provide single-phase superconducting materials having fine particle size 失效
标题翻译：陶瓷形成组分的煅烧和固态反应提供具有细粒度的单相超导材料
公开(公告)号：US5086034A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US589562
申请日：1990-09-28
申请人： Uthamalingam Balachandran , Roger B. Poeppel , James E. Emerson , Stanley A. Johnson
发明人： Uthamalingam Balachandran , Roger B. Poeppel , James E. Emerson , Stanley A. Johnson
IPC分类号： C01G9/00 , C01G29/00 , C04B35/45 , C04B35/64 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： C04B35/45 , C01G29/006 , C01G9/006 , C04B35/64 , H01L39/2419 , C01P2002/88 , C01P2004/61 , Y10S505/725 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/742 , Y10S505/78
摘要： An improved method for the preparation of single phase, fine grained ceramic materials from precursor powder mixtures where at least one of the components of the mixture is an alkali earth carbonate. The process consists of heating the precursor powders in a partial vacuum under flowing oxygen and under conditions where the partial pressure of CO.sub.2 evolved during the calcination is kept to a very low level relative to the oxygen. The process has been found particularly suitable for the preparation of high temperature copper oxide superconducting materials such as YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x "123" and YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.4 O.sub.8 "124".
摘要翻译：一种用于从前体粉末混合物制备单相细晶陶瓷材料的改进方法，其中混合物的至少一种组分是碱土金属碳酸盐。该方法包括在流动的氧气下在部分真空中加热前体粉末，并且在煅烧期间放出的CO 2分压保持在相对于氧气的非常低的水平的条件下。已经发现该方法特别适用于制备高温氧化铜超导材料如YBa2Cu3Ox“123”和YBa2Cu4O8“124”。

7. 发明授权

US5053385A Preferential orientation of metal oxide superconducting materials 失效
标题翻译：金属氧化物超导材料的优先取向
公开(公告)号：US5053385A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-01
申请号：US390930
申请日：1989-08-07
申请人： Donald W. Capone , Roger B. Poeppel
发明人： Donald W. Capone , Roger B. Poeppel
IPC分类号： C30B1/12 , C30B33/00 , H01L39/14 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/2419 , C30B1/12 , C30B29/22 , C30B29/225 , C30B29/605 , C30B33/00 , H01L39/143 , Y10S505/74 , Y10S505/741
摘要： A polycrystalline metal oxide such as YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-X (where 0
摘要翻译：诸如YBa2Cu3O7-X（其中0

8. 发明授权

US5468566A Synthesis of highly phase pure BSCCO superconductors 失效
标题翻译：高相纯BSCCO超导体的合成
公开(公告)号：US5468566A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-21
申请号：US305272
申请日：1994-09-13
申请人： Stephen E. Dorris , Roger B. Poeppel , Barton C. Prorok , Michael T. Lanagan , Victor A. Maroni
发明人： Stephen E. Dorris , Roger B. Poeppel , Barton C. Prorok , Michael T. Lanagan , Victor A. Maroni
IPC分类号： C04B35/45 , H01L39/24 , B22F7/00 , H01B12/04
CPC分类号： C04B35/4525 , H01L39/248 , Y10S505/823 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12049 , Y10T428/12333
摘要： An article and method of manufacture of (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor. The superconductor is manufactured by preparing a first powdered mixture of bismuth oxide, lead oxide, strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. A second powdered mixture is then prepared of strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. The mixtures are calcined separately with the two mixtures then combined. The resulting combined mixture is then subjected to a powder in tube deformation and thermal processing to produce a substantially phase pure (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor.
摘要翻译：（Bi，Pb）-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体的制造方法和制造方法。超导体通过制备氧化铋，氧化铅，碳酸锶，碳酸钙和氧化铜的第一粉末混合物来制造。然后制备碳酸锶，碳酸钙和氧化铜的第二种粉末状混合物。混合物分别煅烧，然后混合两种混合物。然后将所得到的混合物经受管变形和热处理的粉末，以产生基本上相纯的（Bi，Pb）-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体。

9. 发明授权

US5401712A Method of manufacture of single phase ceramic superconductors 失效
标题翻译：单相陶瓷超导体的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5401712A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US947324
申请日：1992-09-18
申请人： Jitrenda P. Singh , Roger B. Poeppel , Kenneth C. Goretta , Nan Chen
发明人： Jitrenda P. Singh , Roger B. Poeppel , Kenneth C. Goretta , Nan Chen
IPC分类号： H01L39/24 , H01B12/00 , H01L39/12
CPC分类号： H01L39/2464 , Y10S505/742 , Y10S505/782
摘要： A ceramic superconductor is produced by close control of oxygen partial pressure during sintering of the material. The resulting microstructure of YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x indicates that sintering kinetics are enhanced at reduced p(O.sub.2) and that because of second phase precipitates, grain growth is prevented. The density of specimens sintered at 910.degree. C. increased from 79 to 94% theoretical when p(O.sub.2) was decreased from 0.1 to 0.0001 MPa. The increase in density with decrease in p(O.sub.2) derives from enhanced sintering kinetics, due to increased defect concentration and decreased activation energy of the rate-controlling species undergoing diffusion. Sintering at 910.degree. C resulted in a fine-grain microstructure, with an average grain size of about 4 .mu.m. Post sintering annealing in a region of stability for the desired phase converts the second phases and limits grain growth. The method of pinning grain boundaries by small scale decompositive products and then annealing to convert its product to the desired phase can be used for other complex asides. Such a microstructure results in reduced microcracking, strengths as high as 230 MPa and high critical current density capacity.
摘要翻译：陶瓷超导体是通过在材料烧结过程中紧密控制氧分压而产生的。所得到的YBa2Cu3Ox微观结构表明烧结动力学在降低的p（O 2）下得到提高，而由于第二相析出，可以防止晶粒生长。当p（O2）从0.1降低到0.0001 MPa时，在910℃下烧结的样品的密度从理论上从79增加到94％。由于增加的缺陷浓度和速率控制物质经历扩散的活化能降低，p（O 2）的密度增加来自增强的烧结动力学。在910℃烧结得到细晶粒微观结构，平均粒径约4μm。在所需相的稳定区域中的后烧结退火转变第二相并限制晶粒生长。通过小规模分解产物固定晶界的方法，然后退火以将其产物转化成所需相，可用于其它复合物。这种微观结构导致微裂纹减少，强度高达230MPa和高临界电流密度容量。

10. 发明授权

US5356728A Cross-flow electrochemical reactor cells, cross-flow reactors, and use of cross-flow reactors for oxidation reactions 失效
标题翻译：交叉流动电化学反应器电池，横流反应器和使用横流反应器进行氧化反应
公开(公告)号：US5356728A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-18
申请号：US048668
申请日：1993-04-16
申请人： Uthamalingam Balachandran , Roger B. Poeppel , Mark S. Kleefisch , Thaddeus P. Kobylinski , Carl A. Udovich
发明人： Uthamalingam Balachandran , Roger B. Poeppel , Mark S. Kleefisch , Thaddeus P. Kobylinski , Carl A. Udovich
IPC分类号： B01D53/22 , B01D71/02 , B01J12/00 , B01J19/24 , C01B13/02 , C01G51/00 , C04B35/01 , C04B35/26 , H01M8/12 , H01M8/00
CPC分类号： B01D67/0041 , B01D53/228 , B01D71/024 , B01J12/007 , B01J19/2475 , B01J19/2485 , C01B13/0203 , C01B13/0255 , C01G49/0018 , C01G49/009 , C01G51/006 , C04B35/01 , C04B35/2633 , H01M8/1231 , H01M8/1246 , B01D2257/104 , B01D2323/20 , B01D2325/26 , B01J2219/00051 , B01J2219/00186 , C01B2210/0051 , C01B2210/0071 , C01B2210/0075 , C01P2002/20 , C01P2002/34 , C01P2002/54 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2002/74 , C01P2002/77 , C01P2004/80 , C01P2006/80 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56
摘要： This invention discloses cross-flow electrochemical reactor cells containing oxygen permeable materials which have both electron conductivity and oxygen ion conductivity, cross-flow reactors, and electrochemical processes using cross-flow reactor cells having oxygen permeable monolithic cores to control and facilitate transport of oxygen from an oxygen-containing gas stream to oxidation reactions of organic compounds in another gas stream. These cross-flow electrochemical reactors comprise a hollow ceramic blade positioned across a gas stream flow or a stack of crossed hollow ceramic blades containing a channel or channels for flow of gas streams. Each channel has at least one channel wall disposed between a channel and a portion of an outer surface of the ceramic blade, or a common wall with adjacent blades in a stack comprising a gas-impervious mixed metal oxide material of a perovskite structure having electron conductivity and oxygen ion conductivity. The invention includes reactors comprising first and second zones seprated by gas-impervious mixed metal oxide material material having electron conductivity and oxygen ion conductivity. Prefered gas-impervious materials comprise at least one mixed metal oxide having a perovskite structure or perovskite-like structure. The invention includes, also, oxidation processes controlled by using these electrochemical reactors, and these reactions do not require an external source of electrical potential or any external electric circuit for oxidation to proceed.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了包含具有电子传导性和氧离子传导性的氧可渗透材料的横流电化学反应器电池，横流反应器和使用具有透氧整体芯的交叉流反应器电池的电化学方法来控制和促进氧气从一种含氧气流转化为另一种气流中有机化合物的氧化反应。这些交叉流动电化学反应器包括跨过气流流动的中空陶瓷刀片，或者包含用于气流流动的通道或通道的交叉中空陶瓷刀片堆叠。每个通道具有设置在陶瓷刀片的通道和外表面的一部分之间的至少一个通道壁，或具有包括具有电子传导性的钙钛矿结构的气体不可渗透的混合金属氧化物材料的堆叠中的相邻刀片的公共壁和氧离子电导率。本发明包括包含由具有电子传导性和氧离子传导性的不透气的混合金属氧化物材料材料分离的第一和第二区的反应器。优选的不透气材料包括至少一种具有钙钛矿结构或类钙钛矿结构的混合金属氧化物。本发明还包括通过使用这些电化学反应器控制的氧化过程，并且这些反应不需要外部电位源或用于氧化进行的任何外部电路。

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