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1. 发明授权

US5154007A Method and apparatus for cryopreparing biological tissue 失效
标题翻译：冷冻生物组织的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5154007A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US492724
申请日：1990-03-13
申请人： Carmen Piunno , Stephen Livesey , John G. Linner , Anthony A. del Campo , Mark J. Zaltzberg
发明人： Carmen Piunno , Stephen Livesey , John G. Linner , Anthony A. del Campo , Mark J. Zaltzberg
IPC分类号： F26B5/04 , F26B5/06
CPC分类号： F26B5/06 , F26B5/04
摘要： This invention relates to an apparatus and method for distillation drying of one or more biological samples. The drying apparatus includes a retaining assembly, a vacuum assembly, cooling means, monitoring means and control means for actively regulating the temperature and pressure conditions of biological tissue so that such tissue may be dried without substantial ultrastructural damage.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种或多种生物样品的蒸馏干燥装置和方法。干燥装置包括保持组件，真空组件，冷却装置，监测装置和用于主动调节生物组织的温度和压力条件的控制装置，使得这样的组织可以被干燥而没有实质的超微结构损伤。

2. 发明授权

US5044165A Cryo-slammer 失效
标题翻译：冷静的
公开(公告)号：US5044165A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US284989
申请日：1988-12-15
申请人： John G. Linner , Stephen A. Livesey , Carmen Piunno , Mark Zaltsberg , Frank Gibson
发明人： John G. Linner , Stephen A. Livesey , Carmen Piunno , Mark Zaltsberg , Frank Gibson
IPC分类号： F25D3/10 , B01D8/00 , F25D19/00 , G01N1/28 , G01N1/42
CPC分类号： B01D8/00 , F25D19/006 , G01N1/42 , F25D2400/30
摘要： A method and apparatus for ultrarapid cooling of tissue samples against a chilled cryogenic surface. The cryogenic surface is enclosed in a high vacuum chamber during cooling of the cryogenic surface. Dry non-condensable room temperature gas is introduced from an external source to raise the chamber pressure just prior to slamming or plunging a sample against the cryogenic surface. The cryogenic surface is heated for regeneration or cleaning purposes between each successive sample.
摘要翻译：一种冷冻冷冻低温表面组织样本的方法和装置。低温表面在冷却低温表面期间被封闭在高真空室中。从外部来源引入干燥的不可冷凝的室温气体，以便在将样品撞击低温表面之前提升室压力。在每个连续样品之间加热低温表面用于再生或清洁目的。

3. 发明授权

US4865871A Method for cryopreparing biological tissue 失效
标题翻译：冷冻生物组织的方法
公开(公告)号：US4865871A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-12
申请号：US217561
申请日：1988-07-11
申请人： Stephen A. Livesey , John G. Linner
发明人： Stephen A. Livesey , John G. Linner
IPC分类号： A01N1/00 , A01N1/02 , F26B5/06 , G01N1/42
CPC分类号： G01N1/42 , A01N1/0221 , A01N1/0226 , A01N1/0289 , F26B5/06
摘要： This invention relates to apparatus for the cryopreparation of biological tissue samples. The method comprises treating a biological tissue sample with a cryoprotectant which raises the glass transition temperature range of the sample followed by vitrification under cryogenic temperature conditions and ultra low vacuum conditions. The depressurized, vitrified tissue sample is brought to equilibrium in a sample holder. The tissue sample is then dehydrated while maintained in a state of thermal nonequilibrium.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于生物组织样品冷冻制备的装置。该方法包括用冷冻保护剂处理生物组织样品，其提高样品的玻璃化转变温度范围，然后在低温条件和超低真空条件下进行玻璃化。减压，玻璃化的组织样品在样品架中达到平衡。然后将组织样品脱水，同时保持在热不平衡的状态。

4. 发明授权

US5024830A Method for cryopreparing biological tissue for ultrastructural analysis 失效
标题翻译：用于超微结构分析的冷冻生物组织的方法
公开(公告)号：US5024830A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US230768
申请日：1988-08-09
申请人： John G. Linner
发明人： John G. Linner
IPC分类号： A01N1/00 , A01N1/02 , F26B5/06 , G01N1/42
CPC分类号： A01N1/0284 , A01N1/00 , A01N1/02 , F26B5/06 , G01N1/42
摘要： This invention relates to apparatus for the cryopreparation of biological tissue samples for ultrastructural analysis. The use of the apparatus comprises vitrifying a biological tissue sample under cryogenic temperature conditions and ultra low vacuum conditions. The depressurized, vitrified tissue sample is brought to equilibrium in a sample holder at a temperature of less than -140.degree. C. The tissue sample is then dehydrated while maintained in a state of thermal equilibrium. After reaching equilibrium the tissue sample is optionally infiltrated with a degassed resin followed by a polymerization of the resin to form an embedded tissue sample.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于超微结构分析的生物组织样品的冷冻制备装置。使用该装置包括在低温条件和超低真空条件下玻璃化生物组织样品。减压，玻璃化的组织样品在小于-140℃的温度下在样品架中达到平衡。然后将组织样品脱水，同时保持在热平衡状态。达到平衡后，组织样品任选地用脱气树脂渗透，随后树脂聚合以形成嵌入的组织样品。

5. 发明授权

US4964280A Method and apparatus for cryopreparing biological tissue 失效
公开(公告)号：US4964280A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-23
申请号：US395028
申请日：1989-08-17
申请人： Carmen Piunno , Stephen Livesey , John G. Linner , Anthony A. del Campo , Mark J. Zaltzberg
发明人： Carmen Piunno , Stephen Livesey , John G. Linner , Anthony A. del Campo , Mark J. Zaltzberg
IPC分类号： F26B5/04 , F26B5/06
CPC分类号： F26B5/04 , F26B5/06
摘要： This invention relates to an apparatus and method for distillation drying of one or more biological samples. The drying apparatus includes a retaining assembly, a vacuum assembly, cooling means, monitoring means and control means for actively regulating the temperature and pressure conditions of biological tissue so that such tissue may be dried without substantial ultrastructural damage.

6. 发明授权

US4745771A Apparatus and method for cryopreparing biological tissue for ultrastructural analysis 失效
标题翻译：用于超微结构分析的低温生物组织的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4745771A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-24
申请号：US38840
申请日：1987-04-13
申请人： John G. Linner , Stephen A. Livesey
发明人： John G. Linner , Stephen A. Livesey
IPC分类号： G01N1/42 , F25D23/00
CPC分类号： G01N1/42
摘要： This invention relates to sample holder for the cryopreparation of biological tissue samples for ultrastructural analysis. The use of the apparatus comprises vitrifying a biological tissue sample under cryogenic temperature conditions and ultra low vacuum conditions. The depressurized, vitrified tissue sample is brought to equilibrium in a thermally conductive sample holder at a temperature of less than - 140.degree. C. The tissue sample is then dehydrated while maintained in a state of thermal equilibrium. After reaching equilibrium the tissue sample is optionally infiltrated with a degassed resin followed by a polymerization of the resin to form an embedded tissue sample.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于超微结构分析的生物组织样品的冷冻制备的样品保持器。使用该装置包括在低温条件和超低真空条件下玻璃化生物组织样品。减压，玻璃化的组织样品在低于-140℃的温度下在导热样品保持器中达到平衡。然后将组织样品脱水，同时保持在热平衡状态。达到平衡后，组织样品任选地用脱气树脂渗透，随后树脂聚合以形成嵌入的组织样品。

7. 发明授权

US4742690A Apparatus and method for cryopreparing biological tissue for ultrastructural analysis 失效
标题翻译：用于超微结构分析的低温生物组织的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4742690A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US942172
申请日：1986-12-16
申请人： John G. Linner
发明人： John G. Linner
IPC分类号： G01N1/42 , F25D23/00
CPC分类号： G01N1/42
摘要： This invention relates to apparatus for the cryopreparation of biological tissue samples for ultrastructural analysis. The use of the apparatus comprises vitrifying a biological tissue sample under cryogenic temperature conditions and ultra low vacuum conditions. The depressurized, vitrified tissue sample is brought to equilibrium in a thermally conductive sample holder at a temperature of less than -140.degree. C. The tissue sample is then dehydrated while maintained in a state of thermal equilibrium. After reaching equilibrium the tissue sample is optionally infiltrated with a degassed resin followed by a polymerization of the resin to form an embedded tissue sample.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于超微结构分析的生物组织样品的冷冻制备装置。使用该装置包括在低温条件和超低真空条件下玻璃化生物组织样品。减压，玻璃化的组织样品在低于-140℃的温度下在导热样品保持器中达到平衡。然后将组织样品脱水，同时保持在热平衡状态。达到平衡后，组织样品任选地用脱气树脂渗透，随后树脂聚合以形成嵌入的组织样品。

8. 发明授权

US4510169A Method and apparatus for cryopreparing biological tissue for ultrastructural analysis 失效
标题翻译：用于超微结构分析的冷冻生物组织的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4510169A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US525626
申请日：1983-08-23
申请人： John G. Linner
发明人： John G. Linner
IPC分类号： G01N1/28 , G01N1/30 , G01N1/42 , G01N33/48 , G01N33/96 , F26B5/06 , A01G5/06 , A01N1/00 , F26B5/10
CPC分类号： G01N1/42
摘要： This invention relates to a method for the cryopreparation of biological tissue samples for ultrastructural analysis. The process comprises vitrifying a biological tissue sample under severely rapid conditions and then depressurized. The depressurized, vitrified tissue sample is brought to equilibrium at a temperature of less than -140.degree. C. The tissue sample is then dehydrated while maintained in a state of thermal equilibrium. After reaching equilibrium the tissue sample is infiltrated with a degassed resin and followed by a polymerization of the resin to form an embedded tissue sample. This invention additionally relates to a sample holder apparatus which has unique use characteristics in the process of this invention.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于超微结构分析的生物组织样品的冷冻制备方法。该方法包括在严格快速条件下玻璃化生物组织样品，然后减压。减压，玻璃化的组织样品在低于-140℃的温度下达到平衡。然后将组织样品脱水，同时保持在热平衡状态。在达到平衡之后，用脱气树脂渗透组织样品，然后聚合树脂以形成嵌入的组织样品。本发明还涉及在本发明的方法中具有独特使用特性的样品保持装置。

9. 发明授权

US4707998A Apparatus and method for ultrarapid cooling of biological samples 失效
标题翻译：生物样品超级冷却的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4707998A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-24
申请号：US939701
申请日：1986-12-03
申请人： John G. Linner , Stephen Livesey
发明人： John G. Linner , Stephen Livesey
IPC分类号： B01D8/00 , F25D19/00 , G01N1/42 , F25C5/08 , F26B13/30
CPC分类号： B01D8/00 , F25D19/006 , G01N1/42 , F25D2400/30
摘要： A method and apparatus for ultrarapid cooling of tissue samples against a chilled cryogenic surface. The cryogenic surface is enclosed in an ultra-high hydrocarbon free vacuum chamber during cooling of the cryogenic surface by a helium cryopump or multiple-stage refrigerator. Dry helium gas is introduced from an external source to raise the chamber pressure just prior to slamming or plunging a sample against the cryogenic surface. The cryogenic surface is heated for regeneration or cleaning purposes between each successive sample. During heating and cleaning of the cryogenic surface, an evacuated thermal break functionally separates the surface from the helium cryopump or multiple-stage refrigerator used to cool the surface. After regeneration or cleaning the cryogenic surfce, dry helium gas is reintroduced into the thermal break from an external source, thereby enabling the helium cryopump or multiple-stage refrigerator to rapidly recool the cryogenic surface and repeat the cycle for sequential samples with minimal regeneration time between each sample.

10. 发明授权

US4619257A Apparatus and method for cryopreparing corneal tissue for surgical procedures 失效
标题翻译：用于外科手术的冷冻准备角膜组织的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4619257A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-28
申请号：US676856
申请日：1984-11-30
申请人： John G. Linner , John D. Goosey
发明人： John G. Linner , John D. Goosey
IPC分类号： A01N1/02 , A61F2/14 , A61F9/007 , A61L27/36 , F26B5/06 , A61B17/36
CPC分类号： A61F2/142 , A01N1/02 , A01N1/0289 , A61F2/14 , A61F9/007 , A61L27/3604 , F26B5/06 , A61L2430/16
摘要： This invention relates to apparatus and the method for preparing corneal tissue for surgical graft, implantation or transplantation referred to herein as "surgical techniques" or "surgical procedures." Use of the apparatus and method for preparing the corneal tissue avoids significant modification of the ultrastructure of corneal tissue during preparation of the tissue samples themselves.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于手术移植，植入或移植的角膜组织的装置和方法，这里称为“手术技术”或“外科手术”。用于制备角膜组织的装置和方法的使用避免了在组织样本本身的制备期间角膜组织的超微结构的显着修饰。

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