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    • 5. 发明申请
    • TREATMENT OF FLY ASH
    • FLA ASH治疗
    • WO1996031631A1
    • 1996-10-10
    • PCT/NO1996000032
    • 1996-02-13
    • KVÆRNER ENGINEERING A.SSANTEN, SvenJOHANSSON, Börje
    • KVÆRNER ENGINEERING A.S
    • C22B07/02
    • C22B19/30C22B5/16C22B7/02Y02P10/212
    • A method and a plant for treatment of fly ash are described, wherein heavy metals are separated and wherein there is formed a leaching resistant slag. The treatment takes place in a reactor (2) and the fly ash is introduced into an oxidizing gas stream which is heated to at least 2500 DEG C in a plasma generator (1). The fly ash melts and forms liquid drops of slag. A carbonaceous or hydrocarbonaceous material is added to the gas stream. This burns and supplies extra energy to the process. The ratio of oxygen and carbon is regulated in such a manner that the ratio CO2/CO + CO2 is kept within the limits 0.4 - 0.9. Heavy metals in the fly ash such as zinc and lead are thereby reduced and pass into the gas phase. The gas is discharged from the reactor (2), cooled and washed and metal oxides are separated. The gas will also contain chlorine and sulphur which are separated in a gas scrubber. The slag is collected in the bottom of the reactor (3) and can be continuously tapped via a slag lock (9). The slag's content of CaO and SiO2 can be regulated by the admixture of a slag-forming material with a high content of SiO2. A slag is thereby obtained with excellent leaching resistance.
    • 描述了一种用于处理飞灰的方法和设备,其中分离重金属,并且其中形成耐浸出渣。 处理在反应器(2)中进行,并将飞灰引入到在等离子体发生器(1)中被加热至至少2500℃的氧化气流中。 飞灰熔化并形成液滴。 将碳质或烃类材料加入到气流中。 这会烧伤并为过程提供额外的能量。 调节氧气和碳的比例,使CO 2 / CO 2 CO 2的比例保持在0.4-0.9的范围内。 因此,飞灰中的重金属如锌和铅因而减少并进入气相。 气体从反应器(2)排出,冷却和洗涤,金属氧化物分离。 气体还将含有在气体洗涤器中分离的氯和硫。 炉渣收集在反应器(3)的底部,并可以通过炉渣锁(9)连续地攻丝。 炉渣中CaO和SiO2的含量可以通过成渣材料与高含量SiO2的混合来调节。 从而获得具有优异的耐浸出性的炉渣。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • COLD WORK STEEL
    • 冷工钢
    • WO1988007093A1
    • 1988-09-22
    • PCT/SE1988000123
    • 1988-03-11
    • UDDEHOLM TOOLING AKTIEBOLAGROBERTS, WilliamJOHANSSON, Börje
    • UDDEHOLM TOOLING AKTIEBOLAG
    • C22C33/02
    • C22C33/0278
    • The invention relates to a cold work steel having a very high resistance to wear and good impact strength made powder-metallurgically through the consolidation of metal powder to a dense body. The powder has the following chemical composition expressed in weight-%: 0.5-2.5 C, 0.1-2 Si, 0.1-2 Mn, 0.5-1.5 N, max 15 Cr, preferably 6.5-11 Cr, max 4 Mo, max 1 W, 3-15 V, wherein up to half the amount of vanadium can be replaced by 1.5 times as much niobium, and part of the vanadium can be replaced by titanium at a content up to four times the content of nitrogen and the double amount of zirconium at a content up to eight times the content of nitrogen, and wherein the ratio V/(C + N) shall amount to not less than 2.5 and not more than 3.8, balance essentially only iron, impurities and accessory elements in normal quantities. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the steel. First there is made a steel powder having a composition as above with the exception of the nitrogen content. The nitrogen content in the powder is max 0.5 %. This powder is nitrided by means of nitrogen gas in the ferritic state of the steel at a temperature between 500° and 1000°C, preferably between 650° and 850°C during so long period of time that the nitrogen content in the steel is increased to an amount of between 0.5 and 1.5 % and such that the ratio V/(C + N) will be not less than 2.5 and not more than 3.8, and thereafter the powder is consolidated to a homogeneous body with full density.