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1. 发明授权

US07129788B2 Method and apparatus for driving a direct current or voltage controlled oscillator with modulation slope feedback 有权
标题翻译：用调制斜率反馈驱动直流或压控振荡器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07129788B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-31
申请号：US10833418
申请日：2004-04-27
申请人： Juergen Eckert , Thorsten Fahlbusch , Burkhard Gehring , Hans-Werner Groh , Horst Haefner , Hermann Hammel , Michael Hecker , Gerald Krimmer , Reinhard Reimann , Wolfgang Roeper , Friedemann Schmidt , Juergen Schnabel , Wolfgang Schneider , Michael Vogt , Hans-Peter Waible
发明人： Juergen Eckert , Thorsten Fahlbusch , Burkhard Gehring , Hans-Werner Groh , Horst Haefner , Hermann Hammel , Michael Hecker , Gerald Krimmer , Reinhard Reimann , Wolfgang Roeper , Friedemann Schmidt , Juergen Schnabel , Wolfgang Schneider , Michael Vogt , Hans-Peter Waible
IPC分类号： H03L7/085 , H03L7/08
CPC分类号： H03C3/0958 , H03C3/095
摘要： A d.c. signal controlled oscillator includes a frequency-determining network having a control input and a modulation input. A phase regulating loop includes the oscillator and components that provide a control signal to the control input. A circuit apparatus for driving the oscillator includes a modulation generator that provides a modulation signal to the modulation input, and a circuit arrangement that autonomously generates a signal depending on and representing a slope of the modulation and provides this slope signal to the modulation generator, which generates the modulation signal dependent on the slope signal. A method of operating the oscillator involves switching a frequency divider successively to two different frequencies, respectively sampling and holding the two different arising control voltages, forming a difference between the two control voltages, and activating the modulation generator so that a modulation swing of the modulation signal is determined by this difference between the control voltages.
摘要翻译：一个d.c. 信号控制振荡器包括具有控制输入和调制输入的频率确定网络。相位调节回路包括振荡器和向控制输入提供控制信号的组件。用于驱动振荡器的电路装置包括：向调制输入提供调制信号的调制发生器，以及根据并表示调制斜率自主生成信号的电路装置，并将该斜率信号提供给调制发生器，根据斜率信号产生调制信号。一种操作振荡器的方法包括将分频器连续地切换到两个不同的频率，分别采样和保持两个不同的出现的控制电压，形成两个控制电压之间的差异，并激活调制发生器，使得调制的调制摆幅信号由控制电压之间的差异决定。

2. 发明授权

US5748425A Electrostatic discharge circuit layout 失效
标题翻译：静电放电电路布局
公开(公告)号：US5748425A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US732994
申请日：1996-10-16
申请人： Henrik Gutsch , Horst Hafner , Hermann Hammel , Friedemann Schmidt , Jurgen Schnabel
发明人： Henrik Gutsch , Horst Hafner , Hermann Hammel , Friedemann Schmidt , Jurgen Schnabel
IPC分类号： H02H9/04 , H02H9/00
CPC分类号： H02H9/046
摘要： In order to protect against any damage caused by electrostatic discharges, an integrated circuit layout is provided with at least one circuit connection which is connected via one of two diodes, respectively, to a first supply line and a second supply line. The diodes are reverse biased, i.e., one of them becomes conductive if a potential exists at the circuit connection that is either higher or lower than the supply potentials applying to the supply lines. The circuit layout is provided with an overvoltage suppression device connecting the two supply lines. The overvoltage suppression device is switched into a low impedance state by a steep rate increase or rise in a supply voltage applied between the supply lines such that a discharge current counteracting the increase in the supply voltage will flow via the overvoltage suppression device from the one supply line to the other supply line, and the discharge energy is converted into heat in the overvoltage suppression device.
摘要翻译：为了防止由静电放电引起的任何损害，集成电路布局设置有至少一个电路连接，其分别经由两个二极管中的一个连接到第一电源线和第二电源线。二极管是反向偏置的，即如果在电路连接处存在电位高于或低于施加到电源线的电源电位，则其中的一个变为导通。电路布局设有连接两条电源线的过电压抑制装置。过电压抑制装置通过陡峭的速率增加或施加在电源线之间的电源电压的上升而被切换到低阻抗状态，使得抵消电源电压的增加的放电电流将经由过电压抑制装置从一个电源线路到另一条供电线路，并且放电能量在过电压抑制装置中被转换成热量。

3. 发明授权

US5565810A Switch with a first switching element in the form of a bipolar transistor 失效
标题翻译：用双极晶体管的形式切换第一开关元件
公开(公告)号：US5565810A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-15
申请号：US418475
申请日：1995-04-07
申请人： Hermann Hammel , Horst Hafner , Jurgen Schnabel , Henrik Gutsch
发明人： Hermann Hammel , Horst Hafner , Jurgen Schnabel , Henrik Gutsch
IPC分类号： H02H11/00 , H03K17/10 , H03K17/567 , G05F1/10 , H03B1/00 , H03K17/60
CPC分类号： H03K17/10 , H02H11/002 , H03K17/567
摘要： A switch is described with a bipolar transistor as first switching element having a high breakdown voltage when operated in the reverse direction. This can be accomplished by a second switching element provided in the switch, a switching transistor, e.g. an MOS transistor, through which the base and the collector of the bipolar transistor are joined together, is activated in the reverse mode of the switch, i.e. when the bipolar transistor is in inverse mode, in such a way that the second switching element becomes conductive. The collector-emitter breakdown voltage of the bipolar transistor, i.e. its maximum permissible collector-emitter voltage, is thus brought closer to its higher base-emitter breakdown voltage.
摘要翻译：在双向晶体管中描述开关，当在相反方向上操作时具有高击穿电压的第一开关元件。这可以通过设置在开关中的第二开关元件，例如开关晶体管来实现。双极晶体管的基极和集电极连接在一起的MOS晶体管在开关的反向模式中被激活，即当双极晶体管处于反向模式时，使得第二开关元件变为导通。因此，双极晶体管的集电极 - 发射极击穿电压即其最大允许的集电极 - 发射极电压变得更接近其较高的基极 - 发射极击穿电压。

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