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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Pipelined analog-to-digital converters with gain-matching structures
    • 具有增益匹配结构的流水线模数转换器
    • US06686864B1
    • 2004-02-03
    • US10229039
    • 2002-08-28
    • Carl W. Moreland
    • Carl W. Moreland
    • H03M138
    • H03M1/0604H03M1/167
    • Pipelined ADC systems are provided with gain-matching structures that substantially eliminate gain errors between preceding and succeeding converter stages. These structures include reference signal-conditioning elements which mimic at least one of main signal-conditioning elements in the succeeding converter stages. The reference signal-conditioning elements control reference signals which maintain a match between the full-scale range of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in a succeeding stage and the “gained-up” step size of a DAC in a preceding stage. This match substantially eliminates the gain errors.
    • 流水线ADC系统提供增益匹配结构,基本上消除了前一个和后一个转换器级之间的增益误差。 这些结构包括模拟后续转换器级中的主信号调节元件中的至少一个的参考信号调节元件。 参考信号调理元件控制参考信号,其保持后级中的数模转换器(DAC)的满量程范围与前一级中的DAC的“增大”步长之间的匹配 。 该匹配基本上消除了增益误差。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Accurate, wide-band, low-noise variable-gain amplifier structures and gain control methods
    • 精确,宽带,低噪声可变增益放大器结构和增益控制方法
    • US06753732B1
    • 2004-06-22
    • US10364163
    • 2003-02-10
    • Carl W. Moreland
    • Carl W. Moreland
    • H03F345
    • H03F3/45179H03F3/45089H03F3/45506H03F3/45511H03F2203/45362H03F2203/45508H03F2203/45642H03F2203/45651H03F2203/45694H03F2203/45722H03G1/0023H03G3/001
    • Variable-gain amplifiers (VGAs) are provided that realize gain accuracy (e.g., over variations in temperature and fabrication processes) while also providing this accuracy over a wide bandwidth and without the signal-to-noise degradation typically associated with signal attentuating elements. Differential signal and gain amplifiers of these VGAs include current sources which are controlled by a common error signal Serr. The gain amplifier is supplemented by feedback structure that generates the error signal Serr and controls the amplifier's transconductance to be the ratio of at least one of currents and resistors. Because such ratios can be well matched (especially in integrated circuit realizations of the variable-gain amplifiers) and because the current source of the signal amplifier is also controlled by the error signal Serr, this wide-band, low-noise open-loop amplifier's gain is accurately controlled.
    • 提供了可变增益放大器(VGA),其实现增益精度(例如,在温度和制造工艺上的变化),同时还可以在宽带宽上提供该精度,而不会通常与信号注意元件相关联的信噪比降低。 这些VGA的差分信号和增益放大器包括由公共误差信号Serr控制的电流源。 增益放大器由产生误差信号Serr的反馈结构补充,并将放大器的跨导控制为电流和电阻中至少一个的比例。 因为这样的比率可以很好地匹配(特别是在可变增益放大器的集成电路实现中),并且由于信号放大器的电流源也由误差信号Serr控制,所以该宽带低噪声开环放大器 增益准确控制。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Precision digital-to-analog converters and methods having programmable trim adjustments
    • 精密数模转换器和方法具有可编程的修整调整
    • US06304201B1
    • 2001-10-16
    • US09489955
    • 2000-01-24
    • Carl W. MorelandRussel G. Stop
    • Carl W. MorelandRussel G. Stop
    • H03M110
    • H03M1/1061H03M1/745H03M1/785
    • N-bit precision digital-to-analog converters are provided that facilitate realization of precision linearities (i.e., linearities that substantially exceed N-bit linearity). They include a binary-weighted current source, current switches and bidirectional-trim digital-to-analog converters. The binary-weighted current source generates binary-weighted currents that are each coupled to the output port by a respective one of the current switches in response to a respective bit of the digital input signal. The bidirectional-trim digital-to-analog converters generate respective bidirectional trim currents with respective amplitudes and directions. Each of the bidirectional-trim digital-to-analog converters is coupled to provide its bidirectional trim current to a respective one of the current switches for a linearizing adjustment of that switch's binary-weighted current. Preferably, the bidirectional-trim currents are slaved to the binary-weighted currents.
    • 提供了有助于实现精确线性度(即,大大超过N位线性度的线性度)的N位精度数模转换器。 它们包括二进制加权电流源,电流开关和双向微调数模转换器。 二进制加权电流源产生二进制加权电流,其响应于数字输入信号的相应位而由相应的一个电流开关耦合到输出端口。 双向微调数模转换器产生各自的幅度和方向的双向微调电流。 每个双向微调数模转换器被耦合以向其中的相应一个电流开关提供其双向微调电流,以便对该开关的二进制加权电流进行线性化调整。 优选地,双向调整电流被从属于二进制加权电流。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Translators and methods for converting differential signals to single-ended signals
    • 用于将差分信号转换为单端信号的转换器和方法
    • US06191619B1
    • 2001-02-20
    • US09382046
    • 1999-08-24
    • Carl W. MorelandMichael R. Elliott
    • Carl W. MorelandMichael R. Elliott
    • H03K19086
    • H03K19/01812
    • High-speed signal translators are provided to convert differential input signals (e.g., ECL signals) to single-ended output signals (e.g., CMOS signals). An exemplary translator is formed with first and second current mirrors, first and second complimentary differential pairs of transistors, a complimentary transistor output stage and first and second current-diverting transistors. The complimentary output stage initially generates the single-ended output signal in response to currents received from the complimentary differential pairs. When the output signal has been established, the current-diverting transistors respond by carrying at least portions of the currents supplied by the complimentary differential pairs. The current-diverting transistors also drive the current mirrors to divert other portions of these currents away from the complimentary output stage. Stored charges in the output stage are accordingly reduced and its response time enhanced. Translator speed is further enhanced with elements associated with the current-diverting transistors that prevent saturation in the current mirrors and the complimentary output stage.
    • 提供高速信号转换器以将差分输入信号(例如,ECL信号)转换为单端输出信号(例如,CMOS信号)。 示例性的翻译器由第一和第二电流镜,第一和第二互补差分晶体管对,互补晶体管输出级以及第一和第二电流转向晶体管形成。 辅助输出级最初产生单端输出信号,以响应从互补差分对接收的电流。 当输出信号已经建立时,电流 - 转向晶体管通过承载由互补差分对提供的电流的至少一部分来进行响应。 电流转向晶体管还驱动电流镜以将这些电流的其它部分转移到互补输出级。 相应地减少输出级中的存储电荷并提高其响应时间。 转换器速度进一步增强与电流转移晶体管相关联的元件,其防止电流镜和补偿输出级中的饱和。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • n-bit analog-to-digital converter with n-1 magnitude amplifiers and n
comparators
    • 具有n-1幅度放大器和n个比较器的n位模数转换器
    • US5684419A
    • 1997-11-04
    • US347909
    • 1994-12-01
    • Frank MurdenCarl W. Moreland
    • Frank MurdenCarl W. Moreland
    • H03F3/26H03F3/45H03M1/44H03M1/12H03M1/46
    • H03F3/26H03F3/45103H03F3/45107H03M1/445H03F2203/45302H03F2203/45311H03F2203/45318H03F2203/45352H03F2203/45371H03F2203/45702H03F2203/45722
    • A serial-type A/D converter uses magnitude amplifiers("magamps") and comparators for effecting the conversion of analog signals to Gray scale code signals that are then converted to binary digital signals by a Gray scale code-to-binary portion of the serial-type A/D converter. More specifically, a serial-type A/D converter uses an n-bit converter that has n-1 magamps and n-comparators. The n-1 magamps are cascaded such that the V.sub.OL and V.sub.OH outputs of a stage are the inputs to the next stage. The output of the comparators are input to the Gray scale code-to-binary portion of the serial A/D converter. The latching of the comparators occurs outside of the magamps. This allows for the parallel latching of the n comparators. The speed of the serial-type A/D converter is determined by the bandwidth of the magamps. The serial-type A/D converter includes an offset method that significantly reduces the effects of early voltage, V.sub.A, on the output waveforms. Each stage of the serial-type A/D converter may have any desired gain and not limited to a particular gain.
    • 串行型A / D转换器使用幅度放大器(“magamps”)和比较器来实现将模拟信号转换为灰度代码信号,然后将其转换为二进制数字信号,通过灰度代码对二进制部分 串行型A / D转换器。 更具体地,串行型A / D转换器使用具有n-1个magamp和n比较器的n位转换器。 级联的n-1型卡子使得一级的VOL和VOH输出是下一级的输入。 比较器的输出被输入到串行A / D转换器的灰度代码到二进制部分。 比较器的锁存发生在卡盘之外。 这允许n个比较器的并联闭锁。 串行型A / D转换器的速度由卡盘的带宽决定。 串行型A / D转换器包括一种偏移方法,可显着降低早期电压VA对输出波形的影响。 串行型A / D转换器的每个级可以具有任何期望的增益,而不限于特定的增益。