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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Electrochemical process
    • 电化学工艺
    • US3974049A
    • 1976-08-10
    • US493645
    • 1974-07-30
    • George Stephen JamesBruce Ian DewarWalter Rudolf Moergeli
    • George Stephen JamesBruce Ian DewarWalter Rudolf Moergeli
    • C25B1/00C02F1/461C02F1/467C11D13/18C25B9/00C25B9/16C25B15/00C25B15/04C25C1/00C25C7/00C25C1/12C25C7/02
    • C02F1/46114C11D13/18C25B15/00C25B9/00C25B9/162C25C1/00C25C7/002C02F1/4678
    • There is disclosed an electrochemical process wherein an electrolyte is passed through one electrode compartment of an electrochemical cell, said one electrode compartment comprising a particulate electrode and being separated from a second electrode compartment of said electrochemical cell containing a counter-electrode by a separator having an ion-permeable wall inclined away from the vertical and towards the particulate electrode. The distribution of the particles of said particulate electrode in the electrolyte during the process is controlled in a manner such that there is formed within said one electrode compartment a first region which is adjacent to the ion-permeable wall and within which first region substantially all the particles are, for a large proportion of the time they spend in said first region, separated from each other, and a second region which is spaced from the ion-permeable wall and within which second region substantially all the particles are, for a large proportion of the time they spend in said second region, in contact with other particles, and substantially all the particles are circulated between said first and second regions.
    • 公开了一种电化学方法,其中电解质通过电化学电池的一个电极室,所述一个电极室包括颗粒电极,并且通过分隔器与所述电化学电池的第二电极隔室分隔开, 离子透过壁远离垂直方向倾斜并朝向颗粒电极。 在该过程期间,所述颗粒电极的颗粒在电解质中的分布被控制为使得在所述一个电极隔室内形成与离子可渗透壁相邻的第一区域,并且其中第一区域基本上全部 颗粒在它们在所述第一区域中消耗的大部分时间彼此分离,并且第二区域与离子可渗透壁间隔开,并且其中第二区域基本上全部是颗粒,大部分 他们在所述第二区域中花费的时间与其他颗粒接触,并且基本上所有的颗粒在所述第一和第二区域之间循环。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for providing flow of electrolyte through electrolytic cells
    • 用于提供电解质通过电解槽的流动的装置
    • US4065375A
    • 1977-12-27
    • US631676
    • 1975-11-13
    • Alan Frank Roy Newton
    • Alan Frank Roy Newton
    • C25C1/00C25C7/00C25B15/08C25D17/00C25D21/10
    • C25C7/002
    • An electrode system is disclosed which comprises a vessel having an ion-permeable wall; a current feeder within said vessel spaced apart from said ion-permeable wall; and a plurality of electrically conductive particles free to move within a region between the current feeder and the ion-permeable wall and constituting, in use, a particulate electrode. The vessel incorporates at the base thereof a flow distributor such that, when the electrode system is in use, a fluid discharged into the vessel through the flow distributor debouches into the vessel in a direction away from the ion-permeable wall towards one or more surfaces in, or forming part of, the vessel and is deflected by said one or more surfaces towards the ion-permeable wall. An electrochemical cell and electrochemical process using such an electrode system are also disclosed.
    • 公开了一种电极系统,其包括具有离子可渗透壁的容器; 所述容器内的当前进料器与所述离子可渗透壁隔开; 以及多个导电颗粒,其在当前供料器和离子可渗透壁之间的区域内自由移动,并在使用中构成颗粒电极。 该容器在其底部装有流量分配器,使得当使用电极系统时,通过流量分配器排放到容器中的流体以远离离子可渗透壁的方向向一个或多个表面 在或形成容器的一部分,并且被所述一个或多个表面偏转到离子可渗透壁。 还公开了使用这种电极系统的电化学电池和电化学方法。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Electrochemical circulating bed cell
    • 电化学循环床细胞
    • US3981787A
    • 1976-09-21
    • US590862
    • 1975-06-27
    • George Stephen JamesBruce Ian DewarWalter Rudolf Moergeli
    • George Stephen JamesBruce Ian DewarWalter Rudolf Moergeli
    • C25B1/00C02F1/461C02F1/467C11D13/18C25B9/00C25B9/16C25B15/00C25B15/04C25C1/00C25C7/00C25B11/02C25B13/02
    • C02F1/46114C11D13/18C25B15/00C25B9/00C25B9/162C25C1/00C25C7/002C02F1/4678
    • There is disclosed an electrochemical process wherein an electrolyte is passed through one electrode compartment of an electrochemical cell, said one electrode compartment comprising a particulate electrode and being separated from a second electrode compartment of said electrochemical cell containing a counter-electrode by a separator having an ion-permeable wall inclined away from the vertical and towards the particulate electrode. The distribution of the particles of said particulate electrode in the electrolyte during the process is controlled in a manner such that there is formed within said one electrode compartment a first region which is adjacent to the ion-permeable wall and within which first region substantially all the particles are, for a large proportion of the time they spend in said first region, separated from each other, and a second region which is spaced from the ion-permeable wall and within which second region substantially all the particles are, for a large proportion of the time they spend in said second region, in contact with other particles, and substantially all the particles are circulated between said first and second regions.The invention has particular application to the electrodeposition of metals in which metal is electrodeposited onto the particles of a particulate cathode which are removed from the cathode compartment.
    • 公开了一种电化学方法,其中电解质通过电化学电池的一个电极室,所述一个电极室包括颗粒电极,并且通过分隔器与所述电化学电池的第二电极隔室分隔开, 离子透过壁远离垂直方向倾斜并朝向颗粒电极。 在该过程期间,所述颗粒电极的颗粒在电解质中的分布被控制为使得在所述一个电极隔室内形成与离子可渗透壁相邻的第一区域,并且其中第一区域基本上全部 颗粒在它们在所述第一区域中消耗的大部分时间彼此分离,并且第二区域与离子可渗透壁间隔开,并且其中第二区域基本上全部是颗粒,大部分 他们在所述第二区域中花费的时间与其它颗粒接触,并且基本上所有的颗粒在所述第一和第二区域之间循环。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Improvements in or relating to circulating bed electrodes
    • 循环床电极的改进或与之相关
    • US4171249A
    • 1979-10-16
    • US887769
    • 1978-03-17
    • Alan F. R. NewtonKendrick P. HainesDavid HarrisonJohn F. Davidson
    • Alan F. R. NewtonKendrick P. HainesDavid HarrisonJohn F. Davidson
    • C25B9/00C25B9/16C25C7/00C25C1/00C25C7/02
    • C25C7/002C25B9/00C25B9/168
    • An electrochemical cell is disclosed which includes a particulate electrode and a current conductor for feeding current to the particles of the particulate electrode, and means for flowing a fluid medium upwardly through the said particulate electrode, wherein a wall which forms part of a compartment defining the area occupied by the particulate electrode is provided with stabilizing means positioned so as to provide generally unidirectional flow channels which, when the electrochemical cell is in use, encourage vertical flow, and discourage bulk lateral movement, of said particles in the region of the said wall. There is also disclosed an electrochemical process in which there is used a particulate electrode located in an electrochemical cell or a compartment of an electrochemical cell, and in which a fluid is supplied to the particulate electrode so as to cause the majority of the particles which constitute the particulate electrode to undergo systematic circulatory movement within the cell or the compartment of a cell, wherein the motion of the particles is controlled at least in part by the provision of stabilizing means on a wall defining part of the area occupied by the particulate electrode, the stabilizing means being shaped and positioned so as to provide generally unidirectional flow channels which encourage vertical flow and discourage bulk lateral movement of the particles in the region of the said wall.
    • 公开了一种电化学电池,其包括颗粒电极和用于将电流馈送到颗粒电极的颗粒的电流导体,以及用于使流体介质向上流过所述颗粒电极的装置,其中形成隔室的一部分的壁, 由颗粒电极占据的区域设置有稳定装置,其被定位成提供大体上单向的流动通道,当电化学电池正在使用时,该通道促使所述颗粒在所述壁的区域中的垂直流动并且阻止体积横向运动 。 还公开了一种电化学方法,其中使用位于电化学电池或电化学电池的隔室中的颗粒电极,并且其中向颗粒电极供应流体,以使大部分构成的颗粒 所述颗粒电极在所述电池或电池室内进行系统的循环运动,其中所述颗粒的运动至少部分地通过在限定所述颗粒电极占据的区域的一部分的壁上提供稳定装置来控制, 稳定装置被成形和定位成提供大致单向的流动通道,其鼓励垂直流动并阻止颗粒在所述壁的区域中的体积横向运动。