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    • 65. 发明授权
    • Ceramic filter and method for using same
    • 陶瓷过滤器及其使用方法
    • US4713180A
    • 1987-12-15
    • US701135
    • 1985-02-13
    • Franz HofmannHans G. TrappRolf RietzscherJurgen OttoWolfgang KaettlitzGerd Trinki
    • Franz HofmannHans G. TrappRolf RietzscherJurgen OttoWolfgang KaettlitzGerd Trinki
    • B01D39/20B22D1/00B22D43/00C04B38/00C21C1/00C21C7/00C22B4/00C22B9/02B01D29/32
    • C21C1/00B01D39/2093C04B38/00C21C7/00C22B9/023Y02P10/234
    • A ceramic filter for filtering molten iron is disclosed. The ceramic filter is made from a high-melting ceramic material having an open-celled foam structure, a variable bulk density in different portions of the filter, and at least one afflux surface. In order to filter molten iron efficiently, the ratio of filter surface to filter volume should be in the range of about 0.0003 to 9 m.sup.2 /cm.sup.3, the specific filter resistance should be in the range of about 0.1 to 0.9 bar-cm at a flow rate of 5 m.sup.3 /hour, and the pressure loss .DELTA.p across the filter should depend on the specific resistance .rho., the filter length, and the surface area of the afflux plane F in accordance with the relationship: ##EQU1## A method for filtering molten iron using this ceramic filter is also disclosed. In this method, the ceramic filter is located near the point in the casting system where the molten iron has its greatest kinetic energy. The molten iron is first caused to flow tangentially by the afflux plane of the ceramic filter and then is deflected to create turbulence directly before the afflux plane of the filter.
    • 公开了一种用于过滤铁水的陶瓷过滤器。 陶瓷过滤器由具有开孔泡沫结构的高熔点陶瓷材料制成,过滤器的不同部分的可变堆积密度以及至少一个附着面。 为了有效地过滤铁水,过滤器表面与过滤器体积的比例应在约0.0003至9m 2 / cm 3的范围内,特定过滤器阻力在流动下应在约0.1至0.9bar-cm的范围内 速率为5立方米/小时,并且过滤器上的压力损失ΔΔTA应根据以下关系依赖于附着平面F的电阻率rho,滤波器长度和表面积:过滤方法 还公开了使用该陶瓷过滤器的铁水。 在该方法中,陶瓷过滤器位于铸铁系统中靠近熔融铁具有最大动能的点处。 首先使铁水通过陶瓷过滤器的塌陷面切向流动,然后被偏转以在过滤器的附着平面之前直接产生湍流。
    • 68. 发明授权
    • Biosensors array and method for operating a biosensor array
    • 用于操作生物传感器阵列的生物传感器阵列和方法
    • US08702921B2
    • 2014-04-22
    • US11019948
    • 2004-12-21
    • Alexander FreyFranz HofmannBirgit HolzapflChristian PaulusMeinrad SchienleRoland Thewes
    • Alexander FreyFranz HofmannBirgit HolzapflChristian PaulusMeinrad SchienleRoland Thewes
    • G01N27/26
    • G01N27/3276
    • A biosensor array having a substrate, a plurality of biosensor zones arranged on the substrate, each of which has a first terminal and a second terminal, at least one drive line and at least one detection line, the at least one drive line being electrically insulated from the at least one detection line. In each case the first terminal of each biosensor zone is coupled to precisely one of the at least one drive line and the second terminal of each biosensor zone is coupled to precisely one of the at least one detection line, and at least one of the at least one drive line and at least one of the at least one detection line is coupled to at least two of the biosensor zones. The biosensor array also has a drive unit for providing an electrical drive signal, a detection unit for detecting an electrical detection signal resulting from the electrical drive signal, and a selection unit that couples the drive unit to the drive line of a biosensor zone to be selected and the detection unit to the detection line of the biosensor zone to be selected, whereby the biosensor zone is selected.
    • 一种具有衬底的生物传感器阵列,布置在所述衬底上的多个生物传感器区域,每个生物传感器区域具有第一端子和第二端子,至少一条驱动线路和至少一条检测线路,所述至少一条驱动线路电绝缘 从所述至少一个检测线。 在每种情况下,每个生物传感器区域的第一端子被精确地耦合到至少一条驱动线路中的一条,并且每个生物传感器区域的第二端口精确地耦合到至少一条检测线路中的至少一条, 至少一个驱动线和所述至少一个检测线中的至少一个耦合到所述生物传感器区域中的至少两个。 生物传感器阵列还具有用于提供电驱动信号的驱动单元,用于检测由电驱动信号产生的电检测信号的检测单元,以及将驱动单元与生物传感器区域的驱动线连接的选择单元, 将选择的检测单元和生物传感器区域的检测线进行选择,从而选择生物传感器区域。