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41. 发明授权

US07409943B2 Engine braking method for a supercharged internal combustion engine 有权
标题翻译：用于增压内燃机的发动机制动方法
公开(公告)号：US07409943B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US11705335
申请日：2007-02-12
申请人： Michael Benz , Stephan Krätschmer , Erwin Schmidt , Alexander Stadelmaier , Siegfried Sumser
发明人： Michael Benz , Stephan Krätschmer , Erwin Schmidt , Alexander Stadelmaier , Siegfried Sumser
IPC分类号： F02D13/04 , F02B33/00
CPC分类号： F02D13/04 , F01L1/38 , F01L9/02 , F01L9/04 , F01L13/06 , F01L13/065 , F01L2800/00 , F02B37/00 , F02B37/24 , F02D41/0005 , F02D41/0007 , F02D2041/001 , Y02T10/144 , Y02T10/42
摘要： In an engine braking method for a supercharged internal combustion engine, wherein combustion air, which is under boost pressure and is supplied to the cylinders under the control of engine inlet and outlet valves, is compressed in the cylinders and is subsequently discharged into the exhaust tract, engine braking takes place in a two-stroke operating mode.
摘要翻译：在用于增压内燃机的发动机制动方法中，其中处于增压压力下并在发动机入口和出口阀的控制下供给到气缸的燃烧空气在气缸中被压缩并随后被排放到排气管发动机制动在二冲程操作模式下进行。

42. 发明授权

US06443696B1 Exhaust gas turbocharger turbine 失效
标题翻译：废气涡轮增压器涡轮机
公开(公告)号：US06443696B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-03
申请号：US09673329
申请日：2000-10-12
申请人： Wolfgang Erdmann , Carsten Funke , Thomas Hardt , Paul Löffler , Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
发明人： Wolfgang Erdmann , Carsten Funke , Thomas Hardt , Paul Löffler , Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
IPC分类号： F01D1716
CPC分类号： F01D17/143 , F01D17/165 , F02B37/025 , F02B37/22 , F02C6/12 , F02D9/06
摘要： An exhaust-gas turbocharger turbine of an internal combustion engine is provided with a spiral guide passage arranged in a turbine housing, a turbine impeller, a flow gap be ween the guide passage and the turbine impeller, and guide blades forming a guide cascade. The guide cascade with the guide blades projects axially from a support, arranged so as to be displaceable in the axial direction in the turbine housing, in such a way that the guide blades, in normal operation, are mounted in recesses of a housing wall part of the turbine housing, the recesses, in the form of a female piece, forming a mating profile shape for the guide blades. In braking operation of the internal combustion engine, the guide blades project into the flow gap during an axial displacement of the support. The device with actuation for the braking operation can be fitted as a complete module into the turbine spiral.
摘要翻译：内燃机的排气涡轮增压器涡轮机设置有涡轮机壳体，涡轮叶轮，引导通道和涡轮机叶轮的流动间隙以及形成引导级联的引导叶片的螺旋引导通道。与引导叶片的引导级联从支撑件轴向突出，布置成在涡轮机壳体中沿轴向移位，使得导向叶片在正常操作中安装在壳体壁部分的凹部中涡轮机壳体的凹部，以阴形件的形式形成用于导向叶片的配合轮廓形状。在内燃机的制动操作中，导向叶片在支撑件的轴向位移期间突出到流动间隙中。具有用于制动操作的致动装置可以作为完整模块装配到涡轮螺旋中。

43. 发明授权

US06202414B1 Method and apparatus for regulating a supercharged internal combustion engine 有权
标题翻译：用于调节增压内燃机的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06202414B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-20
申请号：US09336720
申请日：1999-06-21
申请人： Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
发明人： Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
IPC分类号： F02B37007
CPC分类号： F02B37/24 , F02B29/0406 , F02B37/007 , F02B37/183 , F02B39/00 , F02M26/08 , F02M26/10 , F02M26/43 , Y02T10/144
摘要： A method and apparatus for regulating a supercharged internal combustion engine that has two rows of cylinders, with an exhaust turbocharger associated with each row, a control signal for adjusting at least one exhaust turbocharger is generated in a regulating unit, taking into account state parameters that describe the operating state of the engine. In order to supply the supercharged internal combustion engine uniformly with combustion air to regulate the engine, a state parameter is measured in the vicinity of the compressor of the exhaust turbocharger and a regulating parameter is formed from the state parameter according to a given control law. The control parameter is supplied as a control signal to a control member that influences the effective turbine cross section.
摘要翻译：一种用于调节具有两行气缸的增压内燃机的方法和装置，具有与每排关联的排气涡轮增压器，在调节单元中产生用于调节至少一个排气涡轮增压器的控制信号，考虑到描述发动机的运行状态。为了使增压内燃机均匀地供应燃烧空气来调节发动机，在排气涡轮增压器的压缩机附近测量状态参数，并根据给定的控制律从状态参数形成调节参数。将控制参数作为控制信号提供给影响有效涡轮横截面的控制构件。

44. 发明授权

US5335500A Internal combustion engine with combined pressure charging 失效
标题翻译：内燃机组合式充气
公开(公告)号：US5335500A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US34712
申请日：1993-03-19
申请人： Klaus Wunderlich , Franz Neubrand , Erwin Schmidt , Hans-Wilhelm Buhl , Friedrich Wirbeleit , Horst Hanauer
发明人： Klaus Wunderlich , Franz Neubrand , Erwin Schmidt , Hans-Wilhelm Buhl , Friedrich Wirbeleit , Horst Hanauer
IPC分类号： F02B3/06 , F02B37/04 , F02B37/16 , F02B39/04 , F02B39/16 , F02B33/44
CPC分类号： F02B37/16 , F02B37/04 , F02B39/04 , F02B39/16 , F02B3/06 , Y02T10/144
摘要： An internal combustion engine with combined pressure charging has an exhaust turbocharger turbine arranged in an exhaust conduit of the internal combustion engine driving a compressor arranged in an intake conduit. A mechanically driven supercharger is arranged downstream of the compressor and is coupled continuously variably to the engine via a Fottinger speed transformer with variable-pitch guide vanes and variable speed slip. To bypass the mechanically driven supercharger, a bypass conduit is provided. A circulating-air slide is arranged in the bypass conduit for controlling the air quantity bypassing the mechanically driven supercharger. The degree of opening of the circulating-air slide and the slip of the Fottinger speed transformer are controlled as a function of operating parameters such that the charge-air pressure is adjusted to a predetermined set point value.
摘要翻译：具有组合式加压的内燃机具有布置在内燃机的排气管道中的排气涡轮增压器涡轮，其驱动布置在进气管道中的压缩机。机械驱动的增压器设置在压缩机的下游，并通过具有可变桨距导向叶片和变速滑移的Föttinger变速器连续地可变地联接到发动机。为了绕过机械驱动的增压器，提供旁路管道。循环空气滑块布置在旁路管道中，用于控制绕过机械驱动的增压器的空气量。控制循环空气滑块的开度和Föttinger变速器的滑动作为操作参数的函数，使得增压 - 空气压力被调节到预定的设定值。

45. 发明授权

US4332883A Method for the manufacture of highly heat-resistant relief structures 失效
标题翻译：制造高耐热浮雕结构的方法
公开(公告)号：US4332883A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-01
申请号：US179472
申请日：1980-08-19
申请人： Hellmut Ahne , Eberhard Kuhn , Roland Rubner , Erwin Schmidt
发明人： Hellmut Ahne , Eberhard Kuhn , Roland Rubner , Erwin Schmidt
IPC分类号： G03F7/20 , C08L79/04 , G03F7/038 , H01L21/027 , G03C5/00
CPC分类号： G03F7/0387 , C08L79/04
摘要： Disclosed herein is a method for the preparation of highly heat-resistant relief structures by applying radiation-sensitive soluble polymer precursor stages in the form of a layer or a foil to a substrate; irradiating the layer or foil through negative patterns with actinic light or by deflecting a light, electron or ion beam; removing the non-irradiated layer or foil portions and, optionally, subsequently annealing, as well as to the use of the relief structures made in this manner. An object of the invention is to broaden the supply of highly heat-resistant relief structures, and for this purpose it is provided to use precursor stages of polyoxazoles in the form of addition products of olefinically unsaturated monoepoxides on hydroxyl group-containing polycondensation products of aromatic and/or heterocyclic dihydroxy diamino compounds with dicarboxylic-acid chlorides or esters. The relief structures prepared by the method according to the invention are suitable particularly for use as resists, surface coating material and insulation material.
摘要翻译：本文公开了一种通过将基于层或箔形式的辐射敏感的可溶性聚合物前体级施加到基底来制备高耐热浮雕结构的方法; 通过具有光化光的负图案或通过偏转光，电子或离子束照射层或箔; 去除未被照射的层或箔部分，并且任选地随后退火，以及使用以这种方式制成的浮雕结构。本发明的一个目的是扩大高耐热浮雕结构的供应，为此目的是提供使用烯属不饱和单环氧化物加成产物形式的聚氧杂唑的前体阶段在芳族羟基的缩聚产物上和/或杂环二羟基二氨基化合物与二羧酸氯化物或酯。通过根据本发明的方法制备的浮雕结构特别适合用作抗蚀剂，表面涂层材料和绝缘材料。

46. 发明授权

US4322271A Process for the preparation of N-vinyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides 失效
标题翻译：制备N-乙烯基-N-烷基 - 羧酸酰胺的方法
公开(公告)号：US4322271A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-30
申请号：US149742
申请日：1980-05-14
申请人： Harald Jensen , Erwin Schmidt , Michael Mitzlaff , Jurgen Cramer , Rudolf Pistorius , Hartmut Pietsch , Klaus Dehmer
发明人： Harald Jensen , Erwin Schmidt , Michael Mitzlaff , Jurgen Cramer , Rudolf Pistorius , Hartmut Pietsch , Klaus Dehmer
IPC分类号： C07C67/00 , C07C231/00 , C07C231/08 , C07C231/12 , C07C102/00
CPC分类号： C07C231/00
摘要： N-Vinyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides are prepared, starting from N-ethyl-carboxylic acid amides, in a 3-stage process consisting of the following stages:(a) anodic alkoxylation of the N-ethyl-carboxylic acid amides to give N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-carboxylic acid amides;(b) alkylation of these N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-carboxylic acid amides with an alkyl halide or dialkyl sulfate in an alkaline medium to give N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides; and(c) splitting off of alcohol from the products of stage (b) by heating to temperatures between about 60.degree. and about 350.degree. C.Instead of stages (b) and (c), it is also possible to carry out the following stages after stage (a):(b.sub.1) splitting off of alcohol from the N-.alpha.-alkoxyethylcarboxylic acid amides obtained in stage (a) by heating to temperatures of about 60.degree. to about 600.degree. C., to give N-vinyl-carboxylic acid amides; and(c.sub.1) alkylation of these N-vinyl-carboxylic acid amides by reaction with an alkylating agent of the same type as in stage (b) in an alkaline medium.The N-vinyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides obtained by the process are valuable intermediate products, in particular for the manufacture of homopolymers and copolymers with interesting properties.
摘要翻译： N-乙烯基-N-烷基 - 羧酸酰胺由N-乙基 - 羧酸酰胺开始，由以下阶段组成的3阶段方法制备：（a）N-乙基 - 羧酸酰胺的阳极烷氧基化得到N-α-烷氧基乙基 - 羧酸酰胺; （b）在碱性介质中将这些N-α-烷氧基乙基 - 羧酸酰胺与烷基卤化物或二烷基硫酸盐烷基化，得到N-α-烷氧基乙基-N-烷基 - 羧酸酰胺; 和（c）通过加热到约60℃至约350℃的温度，从阶段（b）的产物中分离出醇。代替阶段（b）和（c），还可以进行以下阶段（a）之后的阶段：（b1）通过加热到约60℃至约600℃的温度，从阶段（a）中获得的N-α-烷氧基乙基羧酸酰胺中分离出醇，得到N-乙烯基 - 羧酸酰胺; 和（c1）通过与碱性介质中与阶段（b）相同类型的烷基化剂反应来烷基化这些N-乙烯基羧酸酰胺。通过该方法获得的N-乙烯基-N-烷基 - 羧酸酰胺是有价值的中间产物，特别是用于制造具有有趣特性的均聚物和共聚物。

47. 发明授权

US4052453A Process for preparing acetoacetamide-N-sulfofluoride 失效
标题翻译：制备ACETOACETAMIDE-N-SULFOFLUORIDE的方法
公开(公告)号：US4052453A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-04
申请号：US618405
申请日：1975-10-01
申请人： Hartmut Pietsch , Karl Clauss , Harald Jensen , Erwin Schmidt
发明人： Hartmut Pietsch , Karl Clauss , Harald Jensen , Erwin Schmidt
IPC分类号： C07C307/00 , C07C20060101 , C07C67/00 , C07C301/00 , C07C303/36 , C07D291/06 , C07C143/70 , C07C143/72
CPC分类号： C07C307/00
摘要： Process for preparing acetoacetamide-N-sulfofluoride by reacting amidosulfofluoride at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 100.degree. C with diketene, optionally in the presence of inert solvents or diluents.

48. 发明申请

US20100260445A1 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SLIDING BEARING ELEMENT HAVING A BISMUTH-CONTAINING SLIDING LAYER 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于制造具有双轴包含滑动层的滑动轴承元件的方法
公开(公告)号：US20100260445A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-14
申请号：US12734081
申请日：2008-10-10
申请人： Walter Gaertner , Johann Kraemer , Erwin Schmidt , Ping Wang
发明人： Walter Gaertner , Johann Kraemer , Erwin Schmidt , Ping Wang
IPC分类号： F16C29/02 , C23C14/34
CPC分类号： C23C14/3414 , B32B15/01 , C22C1/06 , C22C9/01 , C22C9/02 , C22C9/04 , C22C21/003 , C22C21/02 , C22C21/10 , C23C14/165 , F16C9/04 , F16C33/121 , F16C2204/10 , F16C2204/12
摘要： The invention relates to a method of producing a slide bearing element (1) according to which a sliding layer (6) is produced on a support element (4) by vapour-phase deposition, if necessary after the insertion of at least one intermediate layer, wherein the sliding layer (6) comprises an aluminium matrix, which in addition to aluminium contains bismuth as a main component and possibly copper and also impurities of the elements arising during production. By means of the vapour-phase deposition of at least one element, the melting point of which is at least 950° C. higher than that of the bismuth and/or by applying a bias-voltage to the support element the bismuth-nuclear density is increased.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制造滑动轴承元件（1）的方法，根据该方法，通过气相沉积在支撑元件（4）上产生滑动层（6），如果需要，在插入至少一个中间层，其中所述滑动层（6）包括铝基质，所述铝基质除了含有铋作为主要成分，并且可能含有铜以及在生产期间产生的元素的杂质。通过至少一种元素的气相沉积，其熔点比铋的熔点高至少950℃，和/或通过向载体元素施加偏压，铋 - 核密度增加了。

49. 发明授权

US06546728B2 Exhaust-gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine and method of operating an exhaust-gas turbocharger 失效
公开(公告)号：US06546728B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09910005
申请日：2001-07-23
申请人： Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
发明人： Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
IPC分类号： F02D2300
CPC分类号： F02B37/24 , F01D17/12 , F01D17/165 , F02B29/0406 , F02C6/12 , F02D9/06 , F02M26/05 , F02M26/10 , F02M26/23 , Y02T10/144
摘要： An exhaust-gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine has a turbine having a variable turbine geometry for the variable setting of the effective flow inlet cross section to the turbine wheel. The exhaust-gas turbocharger has a compressor which is connected to the turbine via a shaft. The variable turbine geometry can be adjusted by means of a regulating device between a closed position and an open position. To compensate for wear, a stop limiting an end position of the variable turbine geometry is provided, and the position of this stop can be set in a variable manner.

50. 发明授权

US06256991B1 Turbocharger system for internal combustion engine 有权
标题翻译：内燃机用涡轮增压器系统
公开(公告)号：US06256991B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09446526
申请日：1999-12-27
申请人： Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
发明人： Erwin Schmidt , Siegfried Sumser
IPC分类号： F02D2300
CPC分类号： F02B37/24 , F02D9/06 , F02D41/0005 , F02D41/0007 , F05B2200/11 , Y02T10/144 , Y02T10/42
摘要： In a turbocharger system for internal combustion engines, the internal combustion engine has at least one combustion chamber with a variable volume and a swept volume determined by the sum of the differential volumes between the smallest and largest volumes of the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. The turbocharger system associated to the internal combustion engine has at least one turbine arranged in the exhaust gas pipe of the internal combustion engine and provided with a flow channel which opens via an annular jet-shaped region onto a turbine wheel. A guiding apparatus arranged in the opening region of the flow channel has a variable guiding grid with adjustable guiding blades which make it possible to obtain free flow sections of different sizes and which acts as a throttle during braking in an adjustable manner, depending on the operational parameters of the internal combustion engine, for determining the narrowest flow section in the exhaust gas pipe that leads to the turbine. The system is characterized in that at maximum braking power the relation between the free flow section A in the exhaust gas pipe that leads to the turbine, the inlet diameter D of the turbine wheel and the swept volume VH of the internal combustion engine is described by the equation (I) when the braking power supplied by the internal combustion engine during braking is at its maximum, the turbo-braking factor (TBF) being smaller than 0.0005 (5%). The internal combustion engine and the turbocharger are matched so as to supply maximum braking power with low thermal stress.
摘要翻译：在用于内燃机的涡轮增压器系统中，内燃机具有至少一个具有可变体积的燃烧室和由内燃机的燃烧室的最小和最大容积之间的不同体积之和的总和确定的扫掠容积。与内燃机相关联的涡轮增压器系统具有布置在内燃机的排气管中的至少一个涡轮机，并且设置有经由环形喷射区域在涡轮机轮上打开的流动通道。布置在流动通道的开口区域中的引导装置具有带可调引导叶片的可变引导格栅，其可以获得不同尺寸的自由流动部分，并且可以以可调整的方式在制动期间用作节流阀，这取决于操作用于确定通向涡轮机的排气管中最窄的流动部分的内燃机的参数。该系统的特征在于，在最大制动力下，通向涡轮机的废气管道中的自由流动部分A与涡轮机叶轮的入口直径D和内燃机的扫掠体积V H之间的关系由在制动时由内燃机供给的制动功率处于其最大值时，涡轮制动系数（TBF）小于0.0005（5％）的公式（I）。内燃机和涡轮增压器匹配，以提供具有低热应力的最大制动功率。

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