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    • 31. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for controlling an exchange
    • 用于控制交换的方法和装置
    • US5822422A
    • 1998-10-13
    • US710812
    • 1996-09-23
    • Detlef DaaseKarl-Heinz LegatBernd Stahl
    • Detlef DaaseKarl-Heinz LegatBernd Stahl
    • G06F13/00H04M3/00H04Q3/545
    • H04Q3/5455
    • A method of controlling an exchange (NE), and a communications system which comprises at least one such exchange (NE) and a management system (OS). The exchange (NE) is controlled by a number of application programs. The application programs are assigned to two different control units (CONTR1; CONTR2), namely a first and a second control unit (CONTR1; CONTR2), with different operating system platforms. One part of the application programs runs on an operating system platform of the first control unit (CONTR1), which is specifically adapted for the performance of switching functions. The other part of the application programs which is assigned to the second control unit (CONTR2), runs on a universal operating system platform. In this case the application programs of the first control unit (CONTR1) cooperate with the application programs of the second control unit (CONTR2) to provide switching functions.
    • 一种控制交换(NE)的方法,以及包括至少一个此类交换(NE)和管理系统(OS)的通信系统。 交易所(NE)由多个应用程序控制。 应用程序分配给两个不同的控制单元(CONTR1; CONTR2),即第一个和第二个控制单元(CONTR1; CONTR2),具有不同的操作系统平台。 应用程序的一部分在第一控制单元(CONTR1)的操作系统平台上运行,该平台专门用于切换功能的执行。 分配给第二控制单元(CONTR2)的应用程序的另一部分在通用操作系统平台上运行。 在这种情况下,第一控制单元(CONTR1)的应用程序与第二控制单元(CONTR2)的应用程序协作以提供切换功能。
    • 37. 发明授权
    • Oligosaccharide mixture
    • 寡糖混合物
    • US07939118B2
    • 2011-05-10
    • US10148193
    • 2000-12-07
    • Bernd StahlGünther BöhmBerndt FinkeGilda GeorgiJürgen JelinekJoachim J. Schmitt
    • Bernd StahlGünther BöhmBerndt FinkeGilda GeorgiJürgen JelinekJoachim J. Schmitt
    • C13K1/06
    • A61K45/06A23L5/00A23L29/30A23L33/10A23L33/125A23V2002/00A61K31/702A61K35/20A61K2300/00A23V2250/28
    • An oligosaccharide mixture based on oligosaccharides from one or several animal milks composed of two or more monosaccharide units. The oligosaccharide mixture comprises at least two oligosaccharide fractions which are each composed of at least two different oligosaccharides. Lactose does not pertain thereto and the total spectrum of the oligosaccharides in the oligosaccharide mixture differs from those present in animal milk or animal milks, wherefrom the oligosaccharide fractions are extracted and that a) if the oligosaccharides are extracted from only one animal milk, the proportion of neutral oligosaccharides to acidic oligosaccharides is 90-60:10-40 weight %, or b) if the oligosaccharides are extracted from at least two animal milks, the oligosaccharides extracted from two different animal milks each make up 10 weight % of the total amount of oligosaccharides present in the oligosaccharide mixture. The oligosaccharide mixture approximates human milk with respect to its positive properties.
    • 基于由两个或更多个单糖单元组成的一个或几个动物奶的寡糖的寡糖混合物。 寡糖混合物包含至少两种各自由至少两种不同寡糖组成的寡糖部分。 乳糖与其无关,低聚糖混合物中寡糖的总光谱与动物乳或动物奶中存在的低聚糖的总光谱不同,其中提取寡糖部分,并且a)如果寡糖仅从一种动物乳提取,则比例 的中性寡糖与酸性寡糖的比例为90-60:10-40重量%,或b)如果从至少两只动物奶中提取低聚糖,则从两种不同动物奶中提取的寡糖各自占总量的10重量% 的寡糖混合物中存在的寡糖。 寡糖混合物相对于其正性质接近人乳。
    • 39. 发明授权
    • Carbohydrate mixtures
    • 碳水化合物混合物
    • US07601364B2
    • 2009-10-13
    • US11649879
    • 2007-01-05
    • Gunther SawatzkiBernd Stahl
    • Gunther SawatzkiBernd Stahl
    • A61K47/00A01N43/04A61K31/715
    • A23L5/00A23L29/30A23L33/10A23L33/125A23L33/21A23L33/40A61K31/7016A61K31/702A61K31/715A61K31/733A61K31/7004A61K2300/00
    • A carbohydrate mixture for dietetic foods and pharmaceuticals containing several carbohydrates is provided. The carbohydrate mixture comprises two different, substantially soluble carbohydrate components A and B, which remain undigested in the gastrointestinal tract and enter the large intestine without being resorbed. Component A comprises at least one monosaccharide, at least one oligosaccharide (disaccharide to hexasaccharide), or a mixture thereof. Component B comprises a polysaccharide or a mixture of two or more polysaccharides. Component A constitutes 5 to 95 wt-% and Component B constitutes 5 to 95 wt-% of the sum of the Components; and at least 80 wt-% of the carbohydrates/saccharides of Components A and B have a prebiotic effect. The inventive carbohydrate mixture exhibits not only a nutritive effect, but also stimulates health-promoting microorganisms present in the natural flora of the large intestine.
    • 提供饮食食品和含有几种碳水化合物的药物的碳水化合物混合物。 碳水化合物混合物包含两种不同的,基本上可溶的碳水化合物组分A和B,其在胃肠道中未消化并进入大肠而不被再吸收。 组分A包含至少一种单糖,至少一种寡糖(二糖与六糖)或其混合物。 组分B包含多糖或两种或多种多糖的混合物。 组分A占5至95重量%,组分B占组分总和的5至95重量%; 并且组分A和B的至少80wt%的碳水化合物/糖具有益生元效应。 本发明的碳水化合物混合物不仅显示营养作用,而且还刺激存在于大肠的天然菌群中的健康促进微生物。
    • 40. 发明授权
    • Food for diabetics
    • 糖尿病食物
    • US07498318B1
    • 2009-03-03
    • US10129095
    • 2000-11-10
    • Bernd StahlMichael KliemSandra FarwerGunther SawatzkiGunther Boehm
    • Bernd StahlMichael KliemSandra FarwerGunther SawatzkiGunther Boehm
    • A61K31/718
    • C12Y204/01019A23L5/00A23L29/30A23L33/125A23L33/20A23L33/21C12P19/14C12P19/18C12Y204/01024
    • Provided is a carbohydrate mixture comprising at least one modified carbohydrate from a base body and a carbohydrate residue coupled therewith. The base body concerned is either a digestible glucose-containing carbohydrate in the form of a digestible glucan or a non-digestible reserve carbohydrate, skeletal carbohydrate or a low-molecular component thereof. By coupling the base body with a carbohydrate residue, the glucose release from the inventive carbohydrate mixture is reduced by at least 10%, determined in an in-vivo digestion system on the basis of pancreatine and compared with a carbohydrate mixture containing the same amount by weight of non-modified carbohydrates. By means of the inventive carbohydrate mixture, the postprandial blood glucose concentration after eating can be moderated. The glucose can thus be metabolized by diabetics in spite of the existing lack of insulin. The inventive carbohydrate mixtures can be used in food for diabetics and in pharmaceuticals.
    • 提供了包含至少一种来自碱体的修饰的碳水化合物和与其偶联的碳水化合物残基的碳水化合物混合物。 所涉及的基体是可消化葡萄糖或不可消化的储备碳水化合物,骨骼碳水化合物或其低分子组分形式的可消化的含葡萄糖的碳水化合物。 通过将基体与碳水化合物残基偶联,将本发明的碳水化合物混合物的葡萄糖释放量减少至少10%,在基于胰腺的体内消化系统中测定,并与含有相同量的碳水化合物混合物 非改性碳水化合物的重量。 通过本发明的碳水化合物混合物,饮食后餐后血糖浓度可以缓和。 糖可以由糖尿病代谢,尽管目前缺乏胰岛素。 本发明的碳水化合物混合物可用于糖尿病患者和药物中。