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    • 24. 发明授权
    • X-ray spectrometer
    • X射线光谱仪
    • US5200625A
    • 1993-04-06
    • US783964
    • 1991-10-29
    • Masao Kawai
    • Masao Kawai
    • G01N23/207G01T1/36
    • G01T1/36
    • An X-ray spectrometer is equipped with a pulse-height selector (pulse-height analyzer) for selecting pulse heights of amplified output pulses which fall within a specific range, and a counter for counting the output pulses selected by the pulse-height selector. A compensator which compensates for an energy shift in a proportional counter tube is provided between a linear amplifier, which amplifies the output pulses from the proportional counter tube, and a driving power supply of the proportional counter tube. The X-ray spectrometer has a main pulse-height selector for selecting the pulse height of output pulses from the proportional counter tube, and a subordinate pulse-height selector whose selective window width is within the window width of the main pulse-height selector. A shift in the pulse-height distribution of the output pulses from the proportional counter tube is determined from the counting rate of the subordinate pulse-height selector, the energy shift of the proportional counter tube is detected from the shift in the pulse-height distribution, and the driving power supply of the proportional counter tube is controlled so as to eliminate the shift in the pulse-height distribution of the output pulses from the proportional counter tube, thereby compensating for the effects of the energy shift. The difference or ratio between detection values obtained from the plurality of subordinate pulse-height selectors is determined to obtain a feedback signal, and the driving power supply of the proportional counter tube is driven by this feedback signal.
    • 27. 发明授权
    • Cryogenic refrigerator
    • 低温冰箱
    • US5339649A
    • 1994-08-23
    • US986586
    • 1992-12-07
    • Masao KawaiYoshihiro KyotaniHideki ArugaToshihiro ShiimadoYoshihisa ItoKoji Hori
    • Masao KawaiYoshihiro KyotaniHideki ArugaToshihiro ShiimadoYoshihisa ItoKoji Hori
    • F25B9/10F25B17/08F25B17/12F25B21/04F25B17/00
    • F25B17/12F25B17/086F25B21/04F25B9/10Y02B30/62Y02B30/64
    • First and second refrigerating circuits respectively cause first and second adsorbing bodies to alternately adsorb and release first and second coolants. In the first refrigerating circuit, when the first adsorbing body is heated, it releases the first coolant. The released first coolant is cooled, and discharged through an expansion valve so that a part of the first coolant is liquefied. The resultant latent heat of vaporization can be utilized to cool an object to be cooled. Thereafter, the first coolant is adsorbed when the first adsorbing body is cooled. In the second refrigerating circuit, when the second adsorbing body is heated, it releases the second coolant. The released second coolant is cooled by a liquefied-gas-type cooler, and discharged through an expansion valve so that a part of the second coolant is liquefied. The resultant latent heat of vaporization is utilized to cool the first adsorbing body of the first refrigerating circuit. Thereafter, the second coolant is adsorbed by the second adsorbing body. The liquefied-gas-type cooler cools the second coolant by utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of a liquefied gas. Thus, the amount of the second coolant liquefied after being discharged through the expansion valve in the second refrigerating circuit is increased.
    • 第一和第二制冷回路分别使第一和第二吸附体交替地吸附和释放第一和第二冷却剂。 在第一制冷回路中,当第一吸附体被加热时,其释放第一冷却剂。 释放的第一冷却剂被冷却,并通过膨胀阀排出,使得第一冷却剂的一部分液化。 所产生的蒸发潜热可用于冷却要冷却的物体。 此后,当第一吸附体被冷却时,第一冷却剂被吸附。 在第二制冷回路中,当第二吸附体被加热时,其释放第二冷却剂。 释放的第二冷却剂由液化气体冷却器冷却,并通过膨胀阀排出,使得第二冷却剂的一部分液化。 所得到的蒸发潜热用于冷却第一制冷回路的第一吸附体。 此后,第二冷却剂被第二吸附体吸附。 液化气型冷却器通过利用液化气体的蒸发潜热来冷却第二冷却剂。 因此,通过第二制冷回路中的膨胀阀排出的第二冷却剂液化的量增加。