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    • 25. 发明授权
    • Catalytic cracking using a layered cracking catalyst
    • 使用层状裂化催化剂进行催化裂化
    • US5286370A
    • 1994-02-15
    • US808487
    • 1991-12-17
    • Pochen ChuAlbin Huss, Jr.Hartley OwenJoseph A. HerbstGarry W. KirkerPaul H. Schipper
    • Pochen ChuAlbin Huss, Jr.Hartley OwenJoseph A. HerbstGarry W. KirkerPaul H. Schipper
    • B01J33/00C10G11/05B01J29/06
    • C10G11/05B01J33/00B01J2229/12B01J2229/42C10G2300/70
    • A layered catalyst contains a core of at least one, and preferably three, molecular sieve components within a shell layer of reduced molecular sieve content. A preferred catalyst consists of a core of a large pore molecular sieve, preferably a dealuminized Y-type zeolite, a shape selective paraffin cracking/isomerization component, preferably HZSM-5, and a shape selective aliphatic aromatization component, preferably gallium ZSM-5, within a shell of an alumina-rich, matrix. The shell can capture metals from the feeds being processed, it can act as a metals sink, and can remove metals form the unit by attrition. The catalyst is preferably prepared by forming the core and then coating or encapsulating the core with a shell having a reduced molecular sieve content. The shell may contain a pillared clay or other very large pore cracking component. The shell may be an attritable coating of an amorphous rare earth oxide, aluminum oxide and aluminum phosphate composite, which traps metals.
    • 层状催化剂在分子筛含量降低的壳层内含有至少一种,优选三种分子筛组分的核心。 优选的催化剂由大孔分子筛的芯,优选脱铝的Y型沸石,形状选择性石蜡裂解/异构化组分,优选HZSM-5和形状选择性脂族芳构化组分,优选镓ZSM-5组成, 在富含氧化铝的基体的壳内。 外壳可以从正在加工的进料中捕获金属,它可以作为金属沉头,并可以通过磨损去除单元的金属。 催化剂优选通过形成核心然后用具有降低的分子筛含量的壳体涂覆或包封核心来制备。 壳可能含有柱状粘土或其他非常大的孔裂解组分。 壳可以是非晶态稀土氧化物,氧化铝和磷酸铝复合物的可磨损涂层,其捕获金属。
    • 28. 发明授权
    • Zeolite synthesis using an alcohol or like molecule
    • 使用醇或类似分子的沸石合成
    • US5063038A
    • 1991-11-05
    • US91612
    • 1987-08-31
    • Garry W. KirkerDonald J. KlockeJames C. VartuliPochen ChuDavid O. MarlerJohn P. McWilliams
    • Garry W. KirkerDonald J. KlockeJames C. VartuliPochen ChuDavid O. MarlerJohn P. McWilliams
    • B01J29/40B01J29/65B01J29/70C01B39/48C07C2/66C07C4/18
    • C07C4/18B01J29/40B01J29/65B01J29/7046C01B39/48C07C2/66B01J2229/20B01J2229/26B01J2229/36B01J2229/42C07C2529/65C07C2529/70Y10S423/35Y10S423/36
    • There is provided a method for preparing a zeolite other than ZSM-5 from a reaction mixture comprising a mixed organic directing agent which is a combination of (a) an organic nitrogen containing compound such as an amine or a quaternary ammonium compound and (b) an alcohol and/or diol. Particular zeolites synthesized by this method include ZSM-22 and ZSM-23. The use of an alcohol or a diol may inhibit the coformation of ZSM-5. Especially when used to prepare ZSM-23, this method enables the preparation of more catalytically active ZSM-23 of reduced crystallite size and also enables the use of lower crystallization temperatures. Particular mixed organic directing agents for the preparation of ZSM-23 are combination of (a) pyrrolidine and (b) ethanol or ethylene glycol. Other factors which enhance the activity of ZSM-23 include the use of the following in the reaction mixtures for preparing ZSM-23: potassium ions; precipitated silica particles as sources of silica; and spray dried precipitated silica/alumina particles as sources of silica and alumina. The catalytic stability of alumina bound ZSM-23 catalysts is especially enhanced by steaming. Particular reactions which can be catalyzed by ZSM-23 made according to methods described herein include the dealkylation of ethylbenzene and the alkylation of benzene with ethylene.
    • 提供了一种从含有(a)有机氮化合物如胺或季铵化合物的组合的混合有机导向剂的反应混合物制备ZSM-5以外的沸石的方法,(b) 醇和/或二醇。 通过该方法合成的特定沸石包括ZSM-22和ZSM-23。 使用醇或二醇可能会抑制ZSM-5的共形。 特别是当用于制备ZSM-23时,该方法能够制备更小的微晶尺寸的更具催化活性的ZSM-23,并且还能够使用较低的结晶温度。 用于制备ZSM-23的特殊混合有机导向剂是(a)吡咯烷和(b)乙醇或乙二醇的组合。 提高ZSM-23活性的其他因素包括在制备ZSM-23:钾离子的反应混合物中使用以下物质: 沉淀二氧化硅颗粒作为二氧化硅来源; 和喷雾干燥的沉淀二氧化硅/氧化铝颗粒作为二氧化硅和氧化铝的来源。 氧化铝结合的ZSM-23催化剂的催化稳定性通过蒸汽特别提高。 根据本文所述方法制备的可以由ZSM-23催化的特定反应包括乙苯的脱烷基化和苯与乙烯的烷基化。