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11. 发明授权

US06764652B2 Micromachined device for receiving and retaining at least one liquid droplet, method of making the device and method of using the device 有权
标题翻译：用于接收和保持至少一个液滴的微加工装置，制造该装置的方法和使用该装置的方法
公开(公告)号：US06764652B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-20
申请号：US09768950
申请日：2001-01-24
申请人： Robert W. Hower , Richard B. Brown
发明人： Robert W. Hower , Richard B. Brown
IPC分类号： B01L300
CPC分类号： B01L3/5085 , G01N2035/1037 , Y10T436/25
摘要： A micromachined device such as a solid-state liquid chemical sensor for receiving and retaining a plurality of separate liquid droplets at desired sites, a method of making the device and a method of using the device are provided. The technique works for both aqueous and solvent-based solutions. The device includes a substrate having an upper surface, and a first set of three-dimensional, thin film well rings patterned at the upper surface of the substrate. Each of the wells is capable of receiving and retaining a known quantity of liquid at one of the desired sites through surface tension. A method for patterning a membrane/solvent solution results in reproducibly-sized, uniformly-thick membranes. The patterning precision of this method allows one to place the membranes closer together, making the sensors smaller and less expensive, and the uniform film thickness imparts reproducibility to the sensors.
摘要翻译：提供了一种微机械装置，例如固态液体化学传感器，用于在期望的位置接收和保持多个分离的液滴，提供了制造该装置的方法和使用该装置的方法。该技术适用于水溶剂和溶剂型溶液。该器件包括具有上表面的衬底和在衬底的上表面上图案化的第一组三维薄膜阱环。每个孔能够通过表面张力接收和保留在期望位置之一处的已知量的液体。用于图案化膜/溶剂溶液的方法导致可再现尺寸的均匀厚的膜。该方法的图案精度允许将膜更靠近在一起，使得传感器更小和更便宜，并且均匀的膜厚赋予传感器再现性。

12. 发明授权

US5490105A High speed current mirror memory cell architecture 失效
标题翻译：高速电流镜存储单元架构
公开(公告)号：US5490105A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-06
申请号：US312823
申请日：1994-09-27
申请人： Ajay Chandna , Richard B. Brown
发明人： Ajay Chandna , Richard B. Brown
IPC分类号： G11C11/412 , G11C11/00
CPC分类号： G11C11/412
摘要： A memory cell (i.e. CMMC) for use in GaAs circuits such as MESFETs wherein read and write operations can both be performed using as few as two access transistors biased as current mirrors to driver transistors of the cell. This new memory cell offers larger read access currents for faster access times and also faster write times than in a conventional memory cell. This cell does not require that the driver transistors be scaled with respect to the access transistors, resulting in a smaller cell area. In the CMMC, the gate of each access transistor is biased by a storage node voltage. The source node of each access transistor is biased by a word line which is pulled low, towards ground. As a result, each access transistor has a gate-source voltage ofV.sub.GS (access)=V.sub.CS +V.sub.CG -V.sub.WORDwhere V.sub.CS is the cell storage voltage (with respect to cell ground), V.sub.CG is the cell ground voltage and V.sub.WORD is the word line voltage at the cell. By varying the cell ground voltage, the memory cell can be biased for read or write operations. By adjusting both the cell ground and word line voltages, additional control can be gained over the read access current and access time.
摘要翻译：用于GaAs电路（如MESFET）中的存储单元（即，CMMC），其中读和写操作都可以使用少至两个作为电流镜偏置为电池的驱动器晶体管的存取晶体管来执行。这种新的存储单元提供更大的读取访问电流，以便更快的访问时间，并且比传统的存储单元更快的写入时间。该单元不要求驱动器晶体管相对于存取晶体管被缩放，导致更小的单元面积。在CMMC中，每个存取晶体管的栅极被存储节点电压偏置。每个存取晶体管的源节点由被拉低的字线朝向地面偏置。结果，每个存取晶体管具有VGS（存取）= VCS + VCG-VWORD的栅源电压，其中VCS是单元存储电压（相对于单元地），VCG是单元接地电压，VWORD是单词电池线路电压。通过改变单元接地电压，存储单元可被偏置用于读或写操作。通过调整单元接地和字线电压，可以在读访问电流和访问时间上获得额外的控制。

13. 发明授权

US5417835A Solid state ion sensor with polyimide membrane 失效
标题翻译：带聚酰亚胺膜的固体离子传感器
公开(公告)号：US5417835A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US137373
申请日：1993-10-14
申请人： Richard B. Brown , Geun-Sig Cha
发明人： Richard B. Brown , Geun-Sig Cha
IPC分类号： G01N27/333 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N27/3335 , Y10S435/817
摘要： A polyimide matrix is employed to form a substance-sensitive membrane which is particularly suited for installation on a solid state sensor. Polyimide, dissolved in a solvent, such as N,N-dimethylformamide, or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (polyimide encapsulant), is combined with an ionophore, plasticizer, and a lipophilic additive. The ionophore may be a calcium ionophore, an ammonium ionophore, or any other ionophore. The membrane may also incorporate, or may be covered by, a bioactive agent, such as an enzyme, an immunochemical, bacteria, antibody, virus, or antigen. The plasticizer is one or both of dimethyl phthalate and diethylene glycol dibenzoate. The lipophilic additive may be potassium tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate. The resulting substance-sensitive membrane has electrochemical properties which compare favorably to those of conventional PVC membranes, and exhibit significantly greater adhesion to glasses and semiconductor substrate materials. The improved adhesion may prolong the life of the sensors and prevent the formation of electrolyte shunts which have been known to render solid state sensors inoperative.
摘要翻译：采用聚酰亚胺基体形成特别适用于固态传感器的物质敏感膜。将溶解在溶剂如N，N-二甲基甲酰胺或N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（聚酰亚胺密封剂）中的聚酰亚胺与离子载体，增塑剂和亲脂性添加剂组合。离子载体可以是钙离子载体，铵离子载体或任何其它离子载体。膜还可以包含生物活性剂，例如酶，免疫化学，细菌，抗体，病毒或抗原，或可被其覆盖。增塑剂是邻苯二甲酸二甲酯和二甘醇二苯甲酸酯中的一种或两种。亲脂性添加剂可以是四（对氯苯基）硼酸钾。所得到的物质敏感膜具有与常规PVC膜相当的电化学性能，并且对玻璃和半导体衬底材料表现出显着更大的粘合性。改进的附着力可延长传感器的使用寿命，并防止已知使固态传感器不起作用的电解液分流器的形成。

14. 发明授权

US08123922B2 Nanopore based ion-selective electrodes 有权
标题翻译：基于纳米孔的离子选择性电极
公开(公告)号：US08123922B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-28
申请号：US11852061
申请日：2007-09-07
申请人： Henry S. White , Ryan J. White , Richard B. Brown , Hakhyun Nam , Jun Ho Shim
发明人： Henry S. White , Ryan J. White , Richard B. Brown , Hakhyun Nam , Jun Ho Shim
IPC分类号： G01N27/333
CPC分类号： G01N27/333 , Y10T156/10
摘要： Nanopore based ion-selective electrodes and methods of their manufacture as well as methods for their use are disclosed and described. The nanopore based ion-selective electrode can include a pore being present in a solid material and having a nanosize opening in the solid material, a metal conductor disposed inside the pore opposite the opening in the solid material, a reference electrode material contacting said metal conductor and disposed inside the pore, a conductive composition in contact with the reference electrode and disposed in the pore, and an ion-selective membrane. The ion-selective membrane can be configured to isolate the metal conductor, reference electrode material, and conductive composition together within the pore.
摘要翻译：公开和描述了基于纳米孔的离子选择性电极及其制造方法及其使用方法。基于纳米孔的离子选择性电极可以包括存在于固体材料中并在固体材料中具有纳米尺寸开口的孔，设置在与固体材料中的开口相对的孔内的金属导体，与金属导体接触的参考电极材料并且设置在孔内，与参考电极接触并设置在孔中的导电组合物和离子选择性膜。离子选择性膜可以被配置为在孔内将金属导体，参比电极材料和导电组合物隔离在一起。

15. 发明授权

US07438851B2 Microsensor with a well having a membrane disposed therein 有权
标题翻译：具有设置在其中的膜的微量传感器
公开(公告)号：US07438851B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-21
申请号：US10837067
申请日：2004-04-30
申请人： Robert W. Hower , Richard B. Brown
发明人： Robert W. Hower , Richard B. Brown
IPC分类号： G01N21/00 , G01N27/327 , G01N17/414
CPC分类号： B01L3/5085 , G01N2035/1037 , Y10T436/25
摘要： A micromachined device such as a solid-state liquid chemical sensor for receiving and retaining a plurality of separate liquid droplets at desired sites, a method of making the device and a method of using the device are provided. The technique works for both aqueous and solvent-based solutions. The device includes a substrate having an upper surface, and a first set of three-dimensional, thin film well rings patterned at the upper surface of the substrate. Each of the wells is capable of receiving and retaining a known quantity of liquid at one of the desired sites through surface tension. A method for patterning a membrane/solvent solution results in reproducibly-sized, uniformly-thick membranes. The patterning precision of this method allows one to place the membranes closer together, making the sensors smaller and less expensive, and the uniform film thickness imparts reproducibility to the sensors. The final film thickness can be controlled over a 3 to 50 micron range, and lateral dimensions can be as small as 20 microns using conventional materials. The simple patterning steps can be done on full wafers in a mass fabrication process. A second set of well rings may be photo-patterned at the same time as the first set of well rings to isolate functional groups on top of ion-selective membrane.
摘要翻译：提供了一种微机械装置，例如固态液体化学传感器，用于在期望的位置接收和保持多个分离的液滴，提供了制造该装置的方法和使用该装置的方法。该技术适用于水溶剂和溶剂型溶液。该器件包括具有上表面的衬底和在衬底的上表面上图案化的第一组三维薄膜阱环。每个孔能够通过表面张力接收和保留在期望位置之一处的已知量的液体。用于图案化膜/溶剂溶液的方法导致可再现尺寸的均匀厚的膜。该方法的图案精度允许将膜更靠近在一起，使得传感器更小和更便宜，并且均匀的膜厚赋予传感器再现性。最终的膜厚度可以控制在3至50微米的范围内，并且使用常规材料的横向尺寸可以小至20微米。简单的图案化步骤可以在大量制造工艺中在全晶片上进行。第二组阱环可以与第一组阱环同时进行光图案化，以隔离离子选择膜顶部的官能团。

16. 发明授权

US07291310B2 Microsystem for determining clotting time of blood and low-cost, single-use device for use therein 有权
标题翻译：用于确定血液凝固时间的微系统和用于其中的低成本，一次性使用的装置
公开(公告)号：US07291310B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-06
申请号：US10737422
申请日：2003-12-16
申请人： Steven M. Martin , Roy H. Olsson, III , Richard B. Brown , Robert K. Franklin
发明人： Steven M. Martin , Roy H. Olsson, III , Richard B. Brown , Robert K. Franklin
IPC分类号： G01N33/86 , G01N27/02
CPC分类号： B01L3/5027 , B01L2300/0645 , B01L2300/0883 , B01L2400/0406 , G01N27/06 , G01N27/07 , G01N27/22 , G01N27/226 , G01N33/4905 , Y10T436/2575
摘要： A microsystem for determining clotting time of blood and a low-cost, single-use device for use therein are provided wherein the device has no moving parts or expensive optical sensors or magnets. The device includes a microfluidic channel and a microsensor at least partially in fluid communication with the channel. By analyzing changes in the sensor as a drop of blood flows down the microfluidic channel, the time at which the blood clots can be determined.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于确定血液凝固时间的微系统和用于其中的低成本，一次性使用的装置，其中该装置没有移动部件或昂贵的光学传感器或磁体。该装置包括至少部分地与通道流体连通的微流体通道和微传感器。通过将传感器的变化分析为微流体通道下降的血液流量，可以确定血块的时间。

17. 发明授权

US06933744B2 Low-leakage integrated circuits and dynamic logic circuits 失效
标题翻译：低泄漏集成电路和动态逻辑电路
公开(公告)号：US06933744B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-23
申请号：US10458044
申请日：2003-06-10
申请人： Koushik K. Das , Richard B. Brown
发明人： Koushik K. Das , Richard B. Brown
IPC分类号： H03K19/00 , H03K19/01
CPC分类号： H03K19/0016 , H03K2217/0018
摘要： An integrated circuit is disclosed that includes one or more blocks of switching logic (comprised of transistors) connected between a power supply and a common node. A control transistor connects the common node to ground. The control transistor has a higher threshold voltage level than the voltage threshold level(s) of the transistors that comprise the switching logic blocks. A bias generator provides a positive bias to the body of the control transistor when the control transistor is “on.”Further disclosed is an integrated circuit comprising a first plurality of serially connected transistors establishing a first current path from a voltage source to ground and a second plurality of serially connected transistors establishing a second current path from the voltage source to ground. The first and second plurality of transistors each includes at least one high-threshold transistor. The integrated circuit further includes a means for decreasing a resistance level of the high threshold transistors when the high threshold transistors are on.
摘要翻译：公开了一种集成电路，其包括连接在电源和公共节点之间的一个或多个开关逻辑块（由晶体管组成）。控制晶体管将公共节点连接到地。控制晶体管具有比包括开关逻辑块的晶体管的电压阈值电平更高的阈值电压电平。当控制晶体管为“导通”时，偏置发生器为控制晶体管的主体提供正偏置。进一步公开的是一种集成电路，其包括构成从电压源到地的第一电流路径的第一多个串联连接的晶体管和建立从电压源到地的第二电流路径的第二多个串联连接的晶体管。第一和第二多个晶体管每个包括至少一个高阈值晶体管。集成电路还包括当高阈值晶体管导通时降低高阈值晶体管的电阻电平的装置。

18. 发明授权

US4743954A Integrated circuit for a chemical-selective sensor with voltage output 失效
标题翻译：具有电压输出的化学选择传感器的集成电路
公开(公告)号：US4743954A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US742721
申请日：1985-06-07
申请人： Richard B. Brown
发明人： Richard B. Brown
IPC分类号： G01N27/414 , H01L27/00 , H01L27/04
CPC分类号： H01L27/00 , G01N27/4148
摘要： An integrated circuit for a miniaturized solid-state chemical sensor. The integrated circuit includes a chemical-selective membrane which provides an electric signal in response to contact with a particular chemical or group of chemicals in a fluid. The chemical-selective membrane is attached to the integrated circuit by a membrane definition layer. An electrically conductive layer beneath the membrane definition layer provides electrical contact between the chemical-selective membrane and one of the input transistors of the voltage-follower amplifier. The chemical-selective membrane is formed separately from the gate of the input transistors and is designed as a integrated input to the amplifier. The output of the chemical sensor is a low impedance electric signal represented as a voltage which corresponds to the chemical activity present at the chemical-selective membrane/fluid interface. In one embodiment, multiple chemical sensors are fabricated on a single integrated circuit wherein each chemical-selective sensor forms an integrated input to a separate amplifier. Included on the integrated circuit of that embodiment is circuitry to allow for multiplexing of the outputs of the amplifiers to one or both of two output pads provided on the integrated circuit.
摘要翻译：一种用于小型化固体化学传感器的集成电路。集成电路包括化学选择膜，其提供响应于与流体中的特定化学物质或化学物质接触的电信号。化学选择膜通过膜定义层附着到集成电路。膜定义层下面的导电层提供化学选择性膜与电压跟随放大器的输入晶体管之一之间的电接触。化学选择膜与输入晶体管的栅极分开形成，并被设计为放大器的集成输入。化学传感器的输出是表示为对应于化学选择性膜/流体界面处存在的化学活性的电压的低阻抗电信号。在一个实施例中，在单个集成电路上制造多个化学传感器，其中每个化学选择传感器形成到单独放大器的集成输入。该实施例的集成电路中包括允许将放大器的输出复用到集成电路上提供的两个输出焊盘中的一个或两个的电路。

19. 外观设计

USD270732S Printer unit 失效
公开(公告)号：USD270732S
公开(公告)日：1983-09-27
申请号：US263077
申请日：1981-05-12
申请人： Richard B. Brown , Noland E. Vogt
设计人： Richard B. Brown , Noland E. Vogt

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