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11. 发明授权

US06954211B2 Hardware-accelerated anti-aliased graphics 失效
标题翻译：硬件加速抗锯齿矢量图形
公开(公告)号：US06954211B2
公开(公告)日：2005-10-11
申请号：US10610662
申请日：2003-06-30
申请人： Ashraf A. Michail , Kun Zhou , Gregory D. Swedberg , Adrian Secchia
发明人： Ashraf A. Michail , Kun Zhou , Gregory D. Swedberg , Adrian Secchia
IPC分类号： G06T11/00 , G06T11/20 , G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T11/203 , G06T11/40 , G06T15/503 , G06T15/87
摘要： In order to render a primitive, the primitive is subdivided into trapezoids and triangles. The subdivision occurs using scanline-aligned lines. These simple scanline-aligned regions are further subdivided so that the primitive is divided into simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids and other complex scan shapes. The simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids are rasterized. One rasterization method uses a texture map containing slope-based coverage information to edge areas. Gouraud shading may be used to provide the anti-aliasing effects on the scanline-boundaried trapezoids. The simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids may also be rasterized using a software rasterizer. Complex scans are rasterized using a software rasterizer. As data is already rasterized, it is thereby efficiently transferred to the GPU.
摘要翻译：为了渲染原始图形，原始图形被细分为梯形和三角形。使用扫描线对齐的线条进行细分。这些简单的扫描线对齐区域进一步细分，使得原语被划分成简单的扫描线界限梯形和其他复杂的扫描形状。简单的扫描线边界梯形被光栅化。一种光栅化方法使用包含基于边缘的覆盖信息的纹理贴图到边缘区域。可以使用Gouraud阴影来提供扫描线边界梯形上的抗锯齿效应。简单的扫描线边界梯形也可以使用软件光栅化器进行光栅化。使用软件光栅化器对复杂扫描进行光栅化。由于数据已经被光栅化，因此其被有效地传送到GPU。

12. 发明授权

US08624899B2 Arc spline GPU rasterization for cubic Bezier drawing 有权
标题翻译：用于立方贝塞尔绘图的弧形样条GPU光栅化
公开(公告)号：US08624899B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-07
申请号：US12890760
申请日：2010-09-27
申请人： Ashraf A. Michail , David B. Teitlebaum , Brandon C. Furtwangler
发明人： Ashraf A. Michail , David B. Teitlebaum , Brandon C. Furtwangler
IPC分类号： G06F17/00 , G06T1/00 , G06T15/40
CPC分类号： G06T11/203
摘要： A curve drawing system is described herein that rasterizes arc splines in the GPU of a computer for cubic Bezier drawing of strokes and thin features. The curve drawing system first converts a cubic Bezier representation into an arc spline representation. Then the curve drawing system uses a similar approach to Loop/Blinn modified to cause the pixel shader to perform a point-in-circular-arc test instead of a point-in-Bezier test. Calculating arc radius is a much simpler operation than the alternatives and can be easily and efficiently performed by the pixel shader. Since the stroke of an arc spline is also an arc spline, the drawing system provides a resolution-independent representation of strokes. Thus, the curve drawing system allows several previously difficult graphical features to be efficiently drawn by readily available legacy hardware and used in software programs that are designed to run on a wide variety of hardware.
摘要翻译：本文描述了一种曲线绘制系统，其对计算机的GPU中的弧形样条进行光栅化，用于立方贝塞尔绘制笔画和薄特征。曲线绘制系统首先将立方贝塞尔表示转换为弧形样条表示。然后曲线绘制系统使用类似的Loop / Blinn方法进行修改，以使像素着色器执行圆弧圆弧测试，而不是Bezier点测试。计算圆弧半径比替代方案简单得多，可以通过像素着色器轻松有效地执行。由于圆弧花键的行程也是弧形花键，绘图系统提供了与分辨率无关的笔画表示。因此，曲线绘制系统允许通过易于获得的遗留硬件有效地绘制出先前困难的几个图形特征，并用于设计为在各种硬件上运行的软件程序。

13. 发明申请

US20090225079A1 SHADER-BASED EXTENSIONS FOR A DECLARATIVE PRESENTATION FRAMEWORK 有权
标题翻译：用于陈述陈述框架的基于阴影的扩展
公开(公告)号：US20090225079A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-10
申请号：US12041951
申请日：2008-03-04
申请人： Greg D. Schechter , Gerhard Schneider , Ashraf A. Michail , Brendan Clark
发明人： Greg D. Schechter , Gerhard Schneider , Ashraf A. Michail , Brendan Clark
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/005
摘要： Various technologies and techniques are disclosed for controlling a shader declaratively. A declarative programming model enables declarative statements to be used that control an instantiation of a shader in a declarative presentation framework. A shader-based effect that was specified declaratively is instantiated programmatically for rendering graphic effects for a software application. Declarative statements are sent to a shader processor to enable a shader to render the graphical effect customizations for the software application. A method is also described for utilizing a declarative programming model as a multiple pass effect that controls and encapsulates a set of shaders to be run during a multiple pass operation.
摘要翻译：公开了用于声明地控制着色器的各种技术和技术。声明式编程模型可以使用声明式语句来控制着色器在声明性表示框架中的实例化。以声明方式指定的基于着色器的效果以编程方式实例化，以便为软件应用程序渲染图形效果。声明性语句被发送到着色器处理器，以使着色器可以呈现软件应用程序的图形效果定制。还描述了一种利用声明性编程模型作为多遍效应的方法，该多重效应控制和封装在多次通过操作期间运行的一组着色器。

14. 发明申请

US20080270482A1 MANAGING OBJECT LIFETIME FOR NATIVE/MANAGED PEERS 有权
标题翻译：管理对象/管理对象的对象生命周期管理
公开(公告)号：US20080270482A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-30
申请号：US11741549
申请日：2007-04-27
申请人： Michael J. Hillberg , Ashraf A. Michail , Sujal S. Parikh
发明人： Michael J. Hillberg , Ashraf A. Michail , Sujal S. Parikh
IPC分类号： G06F17/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F12/0261 , G06F12/0253 , G06F12/0276 , G06F2212/1032 , G06F2212/1044
摘要： A system that manages lifetime of an object is provided. The system analyzes references on multiple objects to determine reachability of a native peer and dynamically transitions between native and managed object lifetime management systems based on the analysis. When a native peer is not reachable by a native application reference, the system weakens references to a managed peer avoiding memory leaks and clones the native references to the managed side to avoid premature collection. The system performs an optimized cleanup during object system shutdown wherein the references between managed and native peers are released and SafeHandles are suppressed from finalization. The system employs a pending remove list that stores a reference to a weak reference of a managed peer to eliminate race conditions that occur during finalization.
摘要翻译：提供一种管理对象生命周期的系统。系统分析多个对象的引用，以确定本地对等体的可达性，并基于分析在本机管理对象生命周期管理系统之间进行动态转换。当原生对等体不能被本地应用程序引用访问时，系统会削弱对被管理对等体的引用，避免内存泄漏，并克隆对被管理方的本机引用，以避免过早收集。系统在对象系统关闭期间执行优化的清理，其中管理和本机对等体之间的引用被释放，并且SafeHandles被禁止完成。该系统采用一个挂起的删除列表，该列表存储对受管对等体的弱引用的引用，以消除在最终确定期间发生的竞争条件。

15. 发明授权

US07444587B1 Selection services component for an extensible editor 有权
标题翻译：可扩展编辑器的选择服务组件
公开(公告)号：US07444587B1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-28
申请号：US09675688
申请日：2000-09-29
申请人： Ashraf A. Michail , Mark A. Alcazar , John G. Bedworth
发明人： Ashraf A. Michail , Mark A. Alcazar , John G. Bedworth
IPC分类号： G06N3/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/24
摘要： An extensible editor allows integration of extensions that modify the editor's default behavior and provide customized feedback to users. The editor includes interfaces through which extensions are connected to the editor and through which selection services and highlight rendering services are provided. The selection services interfaces provide a clear separation of a logical selection position in the document and the visual feedback provided for the selection, allowing extensions to be designed that provide customized selection feedback. The highlight rendering services interfaces provide an extension with the ability to augment an existing selection without modifying the actual document.The editor also includes an event routing model that works to decrease the occurrence of conflicts between the editor and extensions and between extensions. Upon the occurrence of an event, the editor routes the event to each extension before the editor's default handling of the event occurs. When an extension responds to an event, the extension may “consume” the event by indicating to the editor not to allow further processing of the event. After an event has been pre-processed by each extension, the default editor acts on the event. The editor then routes the event to each extension again, to allow each extension to process the event after the default editor has acted. When the post-processing is completed, each extension is notified of the actions taken by the editor and by each of the other extensions.
摘要翻译：可扩展编辑器可以集成扩展，修改编辑器的默认行为，并向用户提供自定义的反馈。编辑器包括扩展连接到编辑器的接口，并提供选择服务和突出显示服务。选择服务界面提供文档中的逻辑选择位置和为选择提供的视觉反馈的明确分离，允许设计提供定制选择反馈的扩展。突出显示服务界面提供扩展功能，可以扩展现有选择，而无需修改实际文档。编辑器还包括一个事件路由模型，可以减少编辑器和扩展之间以及扩展之间冲突的发生。发生事件后，编辑器将在发生事件的默认处理之前将事件路由到每个扩展。当分机响应事件时，分机可以通过向编辑器指示不允许进一步处理事件来“消耗”事件。事件由每个扩展名预先处理后，默认编辑器对事件进行操作。然后，编辑器再次将事件路由到每个扩展，以允许每个扩展在默认编辑器执行后处理事件。当后期处理完成后，每个分机都被通知编辑者和其他每个分机所采取的行动。

16. 发明授权

US07619633B2 Intelligent caching data structure for immediate mode graphics 有权
标题翻译：用于即时模式图形的智能缓存数据结构
公开(公告)号：US07619633B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-17
申请号：US11455166
申请日：2006-06-16
申请人： Joseph S. Beda , Adam M. Smith , Gerhard A. Schneider , Kevin T. Gallo , Ashraf A. Michail
发明人： Joseph S. Beda , Adam M. Smith , Gerhard A. Schneider , Kevin T. Gallo , Ashraf A. Michail
IPC分类号： G09G5/36 , G06T13/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/005
摘要： An intelligent caching data structure and mechanisms for storing visual information via objects and data representing graphics information. The data structure is generally associated with mechanisms that intelligently control how the visual information therein is populated and used. The cache data structure can be traversed for direct rendering, or traversed for pre-processing the visual information into an instruction stream for another entity. Much of the data typically has no external reference to it, thereby enabling more of the information stored in the data structure to be processed to conserve resources. A transaction/batching-like model for updating the data structure enables external modifications to the data structure without interrupting reading from the data structure, and such that changes received are atomically implemented. A method and mechanism are provided to call back to an application program in order to create or re-create portions of the data structure as needed, to conserve resources.
摘要翻译：智能缓存数据结构和机制，通过对象和表示图形信息的数据存储视觉信息。数据结构通常与智能地控制如何填充和使用其中的视觉信息的机制相关联。可以遍历高速缓存数据结构以进行直接呈现，或者遍历以将视觉信息预处理成另一个实体的指令流。许多数据通常没有对其的外部参考，从而使得能够处理存储在数据结构中的更多信息以节省资源。用于更新数据结构的交易/批量化模型使得能够对数据结构进行外部修改，而不会中断从数据结构的读取，并且使得接收的变化被原子地实现。提供了一种方法和机制来回调应用程序，以便根据需要创建或重新创建数据结构的一部分，以节省资源。

17. 发明授权

US07567258B2 Hardware-accelerated anti-aliased vector graphics 有权
标题翻译：硬件加速抗锯齿矢量图形
公开(公告)号：US07567258B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-28
申请号：US11247752
申请日：2005-10-11
申请人： Ashraf A. Michail , Kun Zhou , Gregory D. Swedberg , Adrian Secchia
发明人： Ashraf A. Michail , Kun Zhou , Gregory D. Swedberg , Adrian Secchia
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/203 , G06T11/40 , G06T15/503 , G06T15/87
摘要： In order to render a primitive, the primitive is subdivided into trapezoids and triangles. The subdivision occurs using scanline-aligned lines. These simple scanline-aligned regions are further subdivided so that the primitive is divided into simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids and other complex scan shapes. The simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids are rasterized. One rasterization method uses a texture map containing slope-based coverage information to edge areas. Gouraud shading may be used to provide the anti-aliasing effects on the scanline-boundaried trapezoids. The simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids may also be rasterized using a software rasterizer. Complex scans are rasterized using a software rasterizer. As data is already rasterized, it is thereby efficiently transferred to the GPU.
摘要翻译：为了渲染原始图形，原始图形被细分为梯形和三角形。使用扫描线对齐的线条进行细分。这些简单的扫描线对齐区域进一步细分，使得原语被划分成简单的扫描线界限梯形和其他复杂的扫描形状。简单的扫描线边界梯形被光栅化。一种光栅化方法使用包含基于边缘的覆盖信息的纹理贴图到边缘区域。可以使用Gouraud阴影来提供扫描线边界梯形上的抗锯齿效应。简单的扫描线边界梯形也可以使用软件光栅化器进行光栅化。使用软件光栅化器对复杂扫描进行光栅化。由于数据已经被光栅化，因此其被有效地传送到GPU。

18. 发明申请

US20090123089A1 ADAPTIVE FILTERING FOR IMAGE TRANSFORM PROCESSES 有权
标题翻译：用于图像变换过程的自适应滤波
公开(公告)号：US20090123089A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-14
申请号：US11940023
申请日：2007-11-14
申请人： Donald D. Karlov , Ashraf A. Michail
发明人： Donald D. Karlov , Ashraf A. Michail
IPC分类号： G06K9/32
CPC分类号： G09G5/02 , G06T3/4007 , H04N19/117 , H04N19/136 , H04N19/156 , H04N19/182 , H04N19/186 , H04N19/59
摘要： Adaptive filtering techniques are set forth that improve video playback performance. A color similarity metric is computed for source pixels undergoing an image transform operation to determine color values of a target pixel location. The value of the color similarity metric defines what algorithm is used to determine the color values of the target pixel location from the source pixels. While the computation of the color similarity metric introduces additional instructions for each pixel, going against conventional wisdom, enormous performance savings by avoiding unnecessarily complex sets of interpolation instructions where a simpler instruction set suffices, outweighs any such cost from additional instructions.
摘要翻译：阐述了改善视频播放性能的自适应滤波技术。为进行图像变换操作的源像素计算颜色相似性度量，以确定目标像素位置的颜色值。颜色相似性度量的值定义了什么算法用于从源像素确定目标像素位置的颜色值。虽然颜色相似性度量的计算引入了每个像素的附加指令，与传统智慧相反，通过避免不必要的复杂的插值指令集合，在更简单的指令集足够的情况下，可以大大减少额外的指令所产生的任何成本。

19. 发明授权

US07069507B1 Event routing model for an extensible editor 失效
标题翻译：用于可扩展编辑器的事件路由模型
公开(公告)号：US07069507B1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-27
申请号：US09675693
申请日：2000-09-29
申请人： Mark A. Alcazar , Ashraf A. Michail , John G. Bedworth
发明人： Mark A. Alcazar , Ashraf A. Michail , John G. Bedworth
IPC分类号： G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/542 , G06F2209/543 , G06F2209/545
摘要： An extensible editor allows integration of extensions that modify the editor's default behavior and provide customized feedback to users. The editor includes an event routing model that works to decrease the occurrence of conflicts between the editor and extensions and between extensions. Upon the occurrence of an event, the editor routes the event to each extension before the editor's default handling of the event occurs. When an extension responds to an event, the extension may “consume” the event by indicating to the editor not to allow further processing of the event. After an event has been pre-processed by each extension, the default editor acts on the event. The editor then routes the event to each extension again, to allow each extension to process the event after the default editor has acted. When the post-processing is completed, each extension is notified of the actions taken by the editor and by each of the other extensions. The editor includes interfaces through which extensions are connected to the editor and through which selection services and highlight rendering services are provided. The selection services interfaces provide a clear separation of a logical selection position in the document and the visual feedback provided for the selection, allowing extensions to be designed that provide customized selection feedback. The highlight rendering services interfaces provide an extension with the ability to augment an existing selection without modifying the actual document.
摘要翻译：可扩展编辑器可以集成扩展，修改编辑器的默认行为，并向用户提供自定义的反馈。编辑器包括一个事件路由模型，可以减少编辑器和扩展之间以及扩展之间冲突的发生。发生事件后，编辑器将在发生事件的默认处理之前将事件路由到每个扩展。当分机响应事件时，分机可以通过向编辑器指示不允许进一步处理事件来“消耗”事件。事件由每个扩展名预先处理后，默认编辑器对事件进行操作。然后，编辑器再次将事件路由到每个扩展，以允许每个扩展在默认编辑器执行后处理事件。当后期处理完成后，每个分机都被通知编辑者和其他每个分机所采取的行动。编辑器包括扩展连接到编辑器的接口，并提供选择服务和突出显示服务。选择服务界面提供文档中的逻辑选择位置和为选择提供的视觉反馈的明确分离，允许设计提供定制选择反馈的扩展。突出显示服务界面提供扩展功能，可以扩展现有选择，而无需修改实际文档。

20. 发明授权

US06919891B2 Generic parameterization for a scene graph 有权
公开(公告)号：US06919891B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-19
申请号：US10184796
申请日：2002-06-27
申请人： Gerhard A. Schneider , Joseph S. Beda , Adam M. Smith , Kevin T. Gallo , Ashraf A. Michail
发明人： Gerhard A. Schneider , Joseph S. Beda , Adam M. Smith , Kevin T. Gallo , Ashraf A. Michail
IPC分类号： G06T13/00 , G06T17/00 , G06T11/20
CPC分类号： G06T17/005 , G06T2210/61
摘要： A parameterized scene graph provides mutable (animated) values and parameterized graph containers such that an application program or the like can selectively change certain aspects of the scene graph description while leaving other aspects intact, and also reuse portions of the scene graph with different parameters. To this end, mutable values are provided, which provide the higher level code with hooks into the scene graph enabling the scene description to be changed. The mutable values may be varied over time to provide animation. A parameterized graph container is also described that enables a scene graph portion to be templatized for reuse throughout a scene in a generic way. In this manner, a single parameterized graph container may be efficiently reused in a scene graph, with different values for its parameters.

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