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11. 发明授权

US06696803B2 Self-oscillating electronic discharge lamp ballast with dimming control 有权
标题翻译：具有调光控制的自振式电子放电灯镇流器
公开(公告)号：US06696803B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US10014800
申请日：2001-12-14
申请人： Fengfeng Tao , Fred C. Lee
发明人： Fengfeng Tao , Fred C. Lee
IPC分类号： G05F100
CPC分类号： H05B41/2827 , H05B41/3925 , Y02B20/185
摘要： A simplified electronic ballast for a discharge lamp which provides dimming by control of inverter frequency through modulation of magnetizing current in a transformer such that the switching frequency is made substantially independent of the load presented. The principle of frequency control in a manner independent of the load is extendable to other types of loads and power supplies and converters to regulate power coupled to the load. Clamping capacitors are used to replace other clamping circuits in order to allow current injection to be controlled by a simple variable voltage while frequency control by current injection provides enhanced circuit performance.
摘要翻译：一种用于放电灯的简化电子镇流器，其通过调制变压器中的磁化电流来控制逆变器频率来提供调光，使得开关频率基本上与所呈现的负载无关。以独立于负载的方式进行频率控制的原理可扩展到其他类型的负载和电源和转换器，以调节耦合到负载的功率。钳位电容器用于替代其他钳位电路，以便通过简单的可变电压来控制电流注入，而通过电流注入的频率控制可提供增强的电路性能。

12. 发明授权

US06590791B1 High input voltage, high efficiency, fast transient voltage regulator module (VRM) 失效
标题翻译：高输入电压，高效率，快速瞬态稳压模块（VRM）
公开(公告)号：US06590791B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-08
申请号：US09434514
申请日：1999-11-05
申请人： Xunwei Zhou , Fred C. Lee
发明人： Xunwei Zhou , Fred C. Lee
IPC分类号： H02M3335
CPC分类号： H02M3/33569 , H02M3/33576 , H02M3/33592 , Y02B70/1475
摘要： A high input-voltage push-pull forward voltage regulator module (VRM) has high efficiency and fast transient response. The VRM has a primary side wherein two switches and two primary transformer windings are alternately connected in a loop. A capacitor is connected between any of two interleaved terminations. The remaining two terminations are connected to input and ground respectively. The two primary transformer windings have the same number of turns. A number of secondary sides may be used such as, for example, a half wave rectifier or a center tapped secondary. The high input-voltage push-pull forward VRM has high efficiency and fast transient-response with reduced filter capacitance and inductance. Its magnetic components can be easily integrated. As a result, very high power density can be achieved. The device die size needed to achieve the required efficiency is reduced. And control is simple. Therefore, this topology is very cost effective.
摘要翻译：高输入电压推挽正向稳压器模块（VRM）具有高效率和快速的瞬态响应。 VRM具有初级侧，其中两个开关和两个初级变压器绕组以一个回路交替连接。电容器连接在两个交错终端中的任一个之间。剩下的两个端子分别连接到输入和接地。两个主变压器绕组具有相同的匝数。可以使用多个次级侧，例如半波整流器或中心抽头次级侧。高输入电压推挽正向VRM具有高效率和快速瞬态响应，降低了滤波电容和电感。其磁性部件可以轻松集成。结果，可以实现非常高的功率密度。实现所需效率所需的器件裸片尺寸减小。控制简单。因此，这种拓扑结构非常具有成本效益。

13. 发明授权

US6147882A Single-stage input current shaping technique with voltage-doubler rectifier front-end 失效
标题翻译：具有倍压整流器前端的单级输入电流整形技术
公开(公告)号：US6147882A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-14
申请号：US215758
申请日：1998-12-19
申请人： Laszlo Huber , Jindong Zhang , Milan M. Jovanovic , Fred C. Lee
发明人： Laszlo Huber , Jindong Zhang , Milan M. Jovanovic , Fred C. Lee
IPC分类号： H02M1/00 , H02M1/10 , H02M1/42 , H02M1/12
CPC分类号： H02M1/4258 , H02M1/10 , Y02B70/126
摘要： A single-stage input-current-shaping (S.sup.2 ICS) converter of the present invention integrates a voltage-doubler-rectifier front-end with a DC/DC output stage. Two families of voltage-doubler S.sup.2 ICS converters are disclosed. In one family, a 2-terminal dither source is provided between a boost inductor and a common input terminal of a storage capacitor and the DC/DC output stage. The 2-terminal dither source includes two paths connected in parallel: a first path for charging and a second path for discharging the boost inductor at a high frequency (HF). In the other family, a 3-terminal dither source includes a third terminal coupled to a pulsating node of the DC/DC output stage. In the 3-terminal dither source, the HF charging path of the boost inductor is coupled between the boost inductor and the pulsating node of the DC/DC output stage, while the HF discharging path of the boost inductor is coupled between the boost inductor and the common input terminal of the storage capacitor and the DC/DC output stage. Due to the voltage-doubler-rectifier front-end, reduction of line-current harmonics can be achieved with a higher conversion efficiency, as compared to a corresponding S.sup.2 ICS converter with a conventional full-bridge rectifier. In addition, a converter of the present invention requires storage capacitors of a lower voltage rating and a smaller total capacitance than the conventional S.sup.2 ICS counterpart. The present invention thereby reduces the size and the cost of the power supply.
摘要翻译：本发明的单级输入电流整形（S2ICS）转换器将倍压整流器前端与DC / DC输出级相集成。公开了两个倍压器S2ICS转换器系列。在一个系列中，在升压电感器和存储电容器的公共输入端子和DC / DC输出级之间提供2端子抖动源。 2端抖动源包括并联连接的两条路径：用于充电的第一路径和用于以高频（HF）放电升压电感器的第二路径。在另一系列中，3端抖动源包括耦合到DC / DC输出级的脉动节点的第三端。在三端抖动源中，升压电感器的HF充电路径耦合在升压电感器和DC / DC输出级的脉动节点之间，而升压电感器的HF放电路径耦合在升压电感器和存储电容的公共输入端和DC / DC输出级。由于电压 - 倍增器整流器前端，与具有常规全桥整流器的相应的S2ICS转换器相比，可以以更高的转换效率实现线路电流谐波的降低。此外，本发明的转换器需要比传统的S2ICS对应物更低的额定电压和更小的总电容的存储电容器。因此，本发明减小了电源的尺寸和成本。

14. 发明授权

US5914572A Discharge lamp driving circuit having resonant circuit defining two resonance modes 失效
标题翻译：具有限定两种谐振模式的谐振电路的放电灯驱动电路
公开(公告)号：US5914572A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-22
申请号：US878821
申请日：1997-06-19
申请人： Jinrong Qian , Fred C. Lee , Tokushi Yamauchi
发明人： Jinrong Qian , Fred C. Lee , Tokushi Yamauchi
IPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H05B41/28 , H05B41/285 , H05B41/392 , H05B37/02
CPC分类号： H05B41/28 , H05B41/2858 , H05B41/3921 , Y10S315/04 , Y10S315/07
摘要： An improved discharge lamp driving circuit of a charge-pump type capable of suppressing a ripple in an envelop of a lamp current at the time of dimming the lamp or at a low environmental temperature. The circuit includes an inverter having switching elements Q1 and Q2 for converting a voltage across a smoothing capacitor Ce into a high frequency power which is applied through a resonant circuit to the discharge lamp Ld. A capacitor Cin is connected to one end of the resonant circuit to vary a DC voltage of the output of the rectifier in accordance with a varying instantaneous value of the high frequency current or voltage appearing in the resonant circuit. A control circuit is provided to give a control signal for alternately turning on and off the switching elements Q1 and Q2. A feedback circuit FB is provided to modulate the control signal within a permissible range given to the control circuit in such a manner as to adjust the timing of turning on and off the switching elements Q1 and Q2 in a feedback manner based upon a lamp current detected by a current sensor SI, for reducing the ripple in the lamp current. A mixer MX is included to compensate for the lamp current in consideration of a dimmer signal Dim of dimming the lamp in order to suppress the ripple which would otherwise increase due to the dimming of the lamp.
摘要翻译：一种改进的电荷泵型放电灯驱动电路，其能够抑制灯调光时的灯电流的波纹或者在低的环境温度下。该电路包括具有用于将平滑电容器Ce两端的电压转换成通过谐振电路施加到放电灯Ld的高频功率的开关元件Q1和Q2的反相器。电容器Cin连接到谐振电路的一端，以根据出现在谐振电路中的高频电流或电压的变化的瞬时值来改变整流器的输出的直流电压。提供控制电路以提供用于交替地导通和关断开关元件Q1和Q2的控制信号。提供反馈电路FB，以在控制电路允许的范围内调制控制信号，以便以基于检测到的灯电流的反馈方式调节开关元件Q1和Q2的接通和断开的定时通过电流传感器SI，用于减小灯电流中的纹波。包括混频器MX以考虑调光灯的调光信号Dim来调节灯电流，以抑制由于灯的调光而否则会增加的纹波。

15. 发明授权

US5432695A Zero-voltage-switched, three-phase PWM rectifier inverter circuit 失效
标题翻译：零电压开关，三相PWM整流逆变电路
公开(公告)号：US5432695A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-11
申请号：US123367
申请日：1993-09-17
申请人： Vlatko Vlatkovic , Dusan Borojevic , Fred C. Lee
发明人： Vlatko Vlatkovic , Dusan Borojevic , Fred C. Lee
IPC分类号： H02M7/162 , H02M7/219 , H02M7/521
CPC分类号： H02M7/162 , H02M7/219 , Y02B70/1441
摘要： A novel switching rectifier circuit that combines the conventional three-phase, 6-stepped PWM rectifier/inverter circuit with a simple, low-power switch commutation circuit to provide zero-voltage turn-on for the switches, and soft turn-off for the diodes. The main features of the new circuit include elimination of switching losses on the power switches and reverse recovery problems on the diodes, elimination of the need for any snubbers in the three-phase bridge, possibility of use of slower diodes in the power bridge, constant frequency operation, and no increase in component current and voltage stresses over the conventional PWM rectifier.
摘要翻译：一种新颖的开关整流电路，其结合了传统的三相6级PWM整流器/逆变器电路和简单的低功耗开关换向电路，为开关提供零电压开启，以及软关断二极管。新电路的主要特征包括消除功率开关上的开关损耗和二极管上的反向恢复问题，消除了三相桥中任何缓冲器的需要，在功率桥中使用较慢二极管的可能性恒定频率操作，并且在常规PWM整流器上不会增加元件电流和电压应力。

16. 发明授权

US4931716A Constant frequency zero-voltage-switching multi-resonant converter 失效
标题翻译：恒频零电压开关多谐振转换器
公开(公告)号：US4931716A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-05
申请号：US347853
申请日：1989-05-05
申请人： Milan Jovanovic , Richard Farrington , Fred C. Lee
发明人： Milan Jovanovic , Richard Farrington , Fred C. Lee
IPC分类号： H02M3/158 , H02M3/335
CPC分类号： H02M3/1582 , H02M3/33576 , Y02B70/1425 , Y02B70/1433
摘要： A zero-voltage multi-resonant converter that operates at constant frequency. In the zero-voltage multi-resonant converter, the resonant circuit is formed in a .pi.-network with resonant capacitors connected in parallel with the switches. In practicing the present invention, certain rules are applied to derive a CF ZVS-MRC from a PWM converter. In particular, one resonant capacitor is placed in parallel with the active switch, which may be either uni-directional or bi-directional, the rectifying switch is replaced by another active switch, which may also be uni-directional or bi-directional, another resonant capacitor is placed in parallel with the other active switch, and an inductor is inserted in the loop containing the two switches. This loop can also contain voltage sources and filter or blocking capacitors.
摘要翻译：零电压多谐振转换器，工作在恒定频率。在零电压多谐振转换器中，谐振电路形成在具有与开关并联连接的谐振电容器的pi网络中。在实施本发明时，应用某些规则从PWM转换器导出CF ZVS-MRC。特别地，一个谐振电容器与有源开关并联放置，该开关可以是单向的或双向的，整流开关被另一个有源开关所替代，另一个有源开关也可以是单向的或双向的谐振电容器与另一个有源开关并联放置，并且电感器插入到包含两个开关的环路中。该回路还可以包含电压源和滤波器或阻塞电容器。

17. 发明授权

US4720667A Zero-current switching quasi-resonant converters operating in a full-wave mode 失效
标题翻译：零电流开关准谐振转换器工作在全波模式
公开(公告)号：US4720667A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-19
申请号：US877184
申请日：1986-06-20
申请人： Fred C. Lee , Kwang-Hwa Liu
发明人： Fred C. Lee , Kwang-Hwa Liu
IPC分类号： H02M3/155 , H02M3/335 , G05F1/40
CPC分类号： H02M3/33538 , H02M3/155 , H02M3/335 , Y02B70/1433
摘要： A family of quasi-resonant converters for providing regulated power is disclosed as comprising a voltage source, a load and a resonant switch circuit, for periodically connecting the voltage source to the load. The resonant switch circuit includes a switch, and a resonant circuit comprised of a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor. The switch is actuated to its first state to permit a current flow in a first direction from the voltage source to the load and to block a current flow in a second, opposite direction, and deactuated to a second state to permit a current flow in the second direction from the load to the voltage source and to block the current flow in the first direction, whereby the quasi-resonant converter is operative in a full-wave mode. More specifically, the switch in its first state couples the resonant capacitor and the resonant inductor together to form a resonant switch circuit. The impedances of the resonant capacitor and the resonant inductor are selected to establish a resonating current waveform on the resonant inductor to apply zero-current conditions to the switch at turn on and turn off.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于提供稳压电源的准谐振转换器系列，其包括用于将电压源周期性地连接到负载的电压源，负载和谐振开关电路。谐振开关电路包括开关和由谐振电容器和谐振电感器组成的谐振电路。开关被致动到其第一状态以允许从电压源到负载的第一方向上的电流流动并且阻挡在第二相反方向上的电流，并且停止到第二状态以允许电流在从负载到电压源的第二方向，并且阻止在第一方向上的电流，由此准谐振转换器以全波模式工作。更具体地，其第一状态的开关将谐振电容器和谐振电感器耦合在一起以形成谐振开关电路。选择谐振电容器和谐振电感器的阻抗以在谐振电感器上建立谐振电流波形，以在开启和关闭时向开关施加零电流条件。

18. 发明申请

US20130049744A1 High Frequency Loss Measurement Apparatus and Methods for Inductors and Transformers 有权
标题翻译：电感器和变压器高频损耗测量装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US20130049744A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-28
申请号：US13222235
申请日：2011-08-31
申请人： Mingkai Mu , Fred C. Lee
发明人： Mingkai Mu , Fred C. Lee
IPC分类号： G01R33/14
CPC分类号： G01R33/14 , G01R33/1207
摘要： Core loss in an inductor is measured with reduced sensitivity to phase measurement error by connecting a reactive component to resonate with the inductor and thus cancel a portion of the reactive voltage on the inductor; reducing the phase difference between the inductor voltage and current and making the observed power more resistive. The reactive component may be a capacitor for sinusoidal excitation or an inductance such as an air core transformer for arbitrary excitation.
摘要翻译：电感中的磁芯损耗通过连接无功分量与电感器谐振并因此抵消电感器上无功电压的一部分来降低对相位测量误差的灵敏度; 降低电感电压和电流之间的相位差，并使观察到的功率更具阻抗性。无功分量可以是用于正弦激励的电容器或用于任意激励的诸如空芯变压器的电感。

19. 发明授权

US08331110B2 Switching capacitor—PWM power converter 有权
标题翻译：开关电容 - PWM功率转换器
公开(公告)号：US08331110B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-11
申请号：US12638261
申请日：2009-12-15
申请人： Ming Xu , Ke Jin , Fred C. Lee
发明人： Ming Xu , Ke Jin , Fred C. Lee
IPC分类号： H02M3/335 , G05F3/04
CPC分类号： H02M3/158 , H02M3/073 , H02M3/1584
摘要： A power converter topology operates as a switching capacitor (capacitive voltage divider) converter during a first, preferably short portion of a switching cycle to provide excellent dynamic transient response and as a pulse width modulated converter during a second portion of a switching cycle to provide flexibility of voltage regulation and generality of application. This topology can be made self-driven and is capable of zero voltage switching. Therefore the power converter can be used as one of a plurality of branches of a multi-phase converter to enhance transient response. The respective branches can also be independently optimized for particular load levels and can be operated independently in a phase shedding manner to improve efficiency at low load. Further, the power converter or respective branches of a multi-phase power converter are compatible with non-linear control to further improve dynamic response.
摘要翻译：电源转换器拓扑在切换周期的第一，最好是短的部分期间用作开关电容器（电容分压器）转换器，以在开关周期的第二部分期间提供优异的动态瞬态响应和作为脉宽调制的转换器，以提供灵活性的电压调节和一般性的应用。该拓扑结构可以是自驱动的，并且能够进行零电压切换。因此，功率转换器可以用作多相转换器的多个分支之一，以增强瞬态响应。相应的分支也可以针对特定的负载水平独立地进行优化，并且可以以相位切换方式独立地进行操作，以在低负载下提高效率。此外，功率转换器或多相功率转换器的各个分支与非线性控制兼容以进一步改善动态响应。

20. 发明申请

US20120014148A1 ADAPTIVE ON-TIME CONTROL FOR POWER FACTOR CORRECTION STAGE LIGHT LOAD EFFICIENCY 有权
标题翻译：功率因数校正阶段光负载自适应接通时间控制
公开(公告)号：US20120014148A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-19
申请号：US13184788
申请日：2011-07-18
申请人： Qian Li , Fred C. Lee , Ming Xu , Chuanyun Wang
发明人： Qian Li , Fred C. Lee , Ming Xu , Chuanyun Wang
IPC分类号： H02M1/00
CPC分类号： H02M1/4216 , H02M1/4225 , H02M1/44 , H02M2001/0032 , H02M2003/1586 , Y02B70/126 , Y02B70/16 , Y02P80/112
摘要： Light load efficiency of a power factor correction circuit is improved by adaptive on-time control and providing for selection between a continuous conduction mode and a discontinuous conduction mode wherein the discontinuous conduction mode increases time between switching pulses controlling connection of a cyclically varying voltage to a filter/inductor that delivers a desired DC voltage and thus can greatly reduce the switching frequency at light loads where switching frequency related losses dominate efficiency. The mode for controlling switching is preferably selected for each switching pulse within a half cycle of the cyclically varying input voltage. A multi-phase embodiment allows cancellation of EMI noise at harmonics of the switching frequency and adaptive change of phase angle allows for cancellation of dominant higher order harmonics as switching frequency is reduced.
摘要翻译：通过自适应导通时间控制来提高功率因数校正电路的轻负载效率，并提供连续导通模式和不连续导通模式之间的选择，其中不连续导通模式增加了控制周期性变化的电压连接到开关脉冲之间的时间滤波器/电感器提供所需的直流电压，因此可以大大降低开关频率相关损耗占优势的轻负载时的开关频率。优选地，在循环变化的输入电压的半周期内针对每个开关脉冲选择用于控制切换的模式。多相实施例允许在开关频率的谐波处消除EMI噪声，并且由于开关频率降低，相位角的自适应变化允许抵消主要高阶谐波。

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