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1. 发明授权

US06192087B1 Method and apparatus for spectral shaping in signal-point limited transmission systems 失效
标题翻译：信号点限制传输系统中频谱整形的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06192087B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-20
申请号：US08746731
申请日：1996-11-15
申请人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang
发明人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang
IPC分类号： H04L2503
CPC分类号： H04L25/4927
摘要： A method and apparatus for performing spectral shaping transmitted samples with a set of predetermined frequency characteristics and a predetermined set of allowable transmitted signal levels are disclosed. The method first calculates, for each of the transmitted samples, a running measure of unwanted components upto the current sample. It then computes, for each block of the transmitted samples, an objective function based on the running measure previously calculated. It then selects, for each block of the transmitted samples, at least one redundant sample to be added or at least one transmitted sample to be modified, at structured or randomized location within the block to optimize the objective function. The location of the dependent sample can further be fixed, scrambled (pseudo random) or randomized. The method of computing can be any one of the following: a Running Filter Sum, a Running Fourier Transform (“RFT”) or Fast FT (“RFFT”), or an RDS, for each transmitted sample.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于以一组预定频率特性和预定的一组可允许的发射信号电平进行频谱整形的发送采样的方法和装置。该方法首先针对每个发送的样本计算到当前样本的不需要的分量的运行测量。然后，对于传输样本的每个块，基于先前计算的运行度量来计算目标函数。然后，对于发送的样本的每个块，在块内的结构化或随机化位置中选择要添加的至少一个待添加的冗余样本或要修改的至少一个发送样本，以优化目标函数。依赖样本的位置可以进一步固定，加扰（伪随机）或随机化。计算的方法可以是以下任何一种：针对每个发送的样本的运行滤波器总和，运行傅里叶变换（“RFT”）或快速FT（“RFFT”）或RDS。

2. 发明授权

US06317419B1 Method and apparatus for training an echo canceler in a PCM modem context 失效
标题翻译：用于在PCM调制解调器环境中训练回波消除器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06317419B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09095689
申请日：1998-06-10
申请人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou
发明人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou
IPC分类号： H04B320
CPC分类号： H04B3/23 , H04L25/4927
摘要： An improved echo canceler training technique may be employed by a digital server modem in a PCM modem context, such as a V.90 modem system. The disclosed echo canceler training technique establishes the digital impairments within the echo path by transmitting a training signal from a transmitter located at the digital server modem. The echo signal generated in response to the training signal is received by the digital server modem and appropriately analyzed to accurately model the echo path. The echo canceler resident at the server modem is than suitably trained to compensate for the modeled echo path. In the preferred embodiment, the echo canceler training signal is also used during in the context of downstream digital impairment learning by the analog client modem. In the context of the echo canceler training, the server modem does not rely upon any processing or analysis performed by the client modem; the server modem trains its echo canceler without receiving any information from the client modem.
摘要翻译：数字服务器调制解调器可以在PCM调制解调器上下文（例如V.90调制解调器系统）中采用改进的回波消除器训练技术。所公开的回波消除器训练技术通过从位于数字服务器调制解调器处的发射机发送训练信号来建立回波路径内的数字损伤。响应于训练信号产生的回波信号由数字服务器调制解调器接收并进行适当分析，以准确地建模回波路径。驻留在服务器调制解调器处的回波消除器经过适当训练以补偿建模的回波路径。在优选实施例中，在模拟客户调制解调器的下游数字损伤学习的上下文中也使用回波消除器训练信号。在回波消除器训练的上下文中，服务器调制解调器不依赖于客户端调制解调器执行的任何处理或分析; 服务器调制解调器训练其回波消除器，而不从客户端调制解调器接收任何信息。

3. 发明授权

US06278744B1 System for controlling and shaping the spectrum and redundancy of signal-point limited transmission 失效
标题翻译：用于控制和整形信号点限制传输的频谱和冗余的系统
公开(公告)号：US06278744B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-21
申请号：US08756383
申请日：1996-11-26
申请人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang
发明人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang
IPC分类号： H04L2549
CPC分类号： H04L25/4927
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling and shaping the spectrum of transmitted signal samples having predetermined frequency characteristics and allowable transmit signal levels. A running measure of unwanted components is measured and, for each block of the transmitted samples, an objective function based on the previously calculated running measure is computed. Depending upon the measurements, redundancy is determined and selected for each block of the transmitted samples. Accordingly, at least one redundant sample may be added or, the sign of the sample modified, at structured or randomized locations within the block to optimize the objective function.
摘要翻译：一种用于控制和整形具有预定频率特性和可允许发射信号电平的发射信号采样频谱的方法和装置。测量不需要的部件的运行测量，并且对于传输样本的每个块，计算基于先前计算的运行测量的目标函数。根据测量，确定并为每个发送样本块选择冗余。因此，可以在块内的结构化或随机化位置处添加至少一个冗余样本，或者样本的符号被修改以优化目标函数。

4. 发明授权

US5970100A System for controlling and shaping the spectrum and redundancy of signal-point limited transmission 失效
标题翻译：用于控制和整形信号点限制传输的频谱和冗余的系统
公开(公告)号：US5970100A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US47802
申请日：1998-03-25
申请人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang
发明人： Sverrir Olafsson , Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang
IPC分类号： H04L25/49 , H04L25/06
CPC分类号： H04L25/4927
摘要： Methods and apparatus are disclosed for shaping and controlling the spectrum of transmitted samples with a set of predetermined frequency characteristics and a predetermined set of allowable transmitted signal levels are disclosed. In particular, methods of minimizing the energy of the signal at unwanted frequencies are described. For each of the transmitted samples, the system computes a running measure of unwanted components. It then computes, for each block (or "data frame") of the transmitted samples, an objective function, for example, a running filter sum based upon a biquad filter function. It then selects, for each block or spectral shaping frame of transmitted samples, a sign combination from a sign-combination subset such that the objective function is optimized.
摘要翻译：公开了用于利用一组预定频率特性来形成和控制发送样本的频谱的方法和装置，并且公开了一组预定的允许的发射信号电平。特别地，描述了以不希望的频率使信号的能量最小化的方法。对于每个发送的样本，系统计算不需要的组件的运行度量。然后，对于发送样本的每个块（或“数据帧”），计算目标函数，例如基于二叉滤波器函数的运行滤波器和。然后，对于传输样本的每个块或频谱整形帧，从符号组合子集中选择符号组合，使得目标函数被优化。

5. 发明申请

US20160227988A1 Sheathed Duodenoscope 审中-公开
标题翻译：护颈十二指肠镜
公开(公告)号：US20160227988A1
公开(公告)日：2016-08-11
申请号：US15098602
申请日：2016-04-14
申请人： Kerang Jiang , Xiangyang Wu , Zhenyu Zhou , Chong Chen , Jian Zhang , Ming Xu
发明人： Kerang Jiang , Xiangyang Wu , Zhenyu Zhou , Chong Chen , Jian Zhang , Ming Xu
IPC分类号： A61B1/00 , A61B1/273 , A61B1/018
CPC分类号： A61B1/00142 , A61B1/00096 , A61B1/00098 , A61B1/00101 , A61B1/00135 , A61B1/00137 , A61B1/00177 , A61B1/0615
摘要： A sheathed endoscope, includes: an endoscope and a disposable component. The disposable compartment protects the inner and outer surfaces of the endoscope. The disposable compartment includes: a cap of endoscope tip in the distal end of endoscope, a disposable tube for biopsy forceps, and an outside sheath capsule for endoscope shaft. The tip cap connects the sheath capsule and the disposable tube for biopsy forceps. There are multiple windows set on the lateral side of endoscope tip, wherein pills containing transparent fluid are placed somewhere in between of the tip cap and the distal end of endoscope. The pills will be crushed by co-fraction of the tip cap and the distal end of endoscope, to release the transparent fluid to fill in the space formed between the tip cap and the distal end of the endoscope. This disposable sheath compartment in the invention will cover all surfaces of the endoscope with disposable material, preventing contaminations on endoscope during endoscopy, meanwhile there is anti-glaring design, to prevent producing of glaring in the space formed between the tip cap and the distal end of endoscope.
摘要翻译：护套内窥镜包括：内窥镜和一次性部件。一次性隔间保护内窥镜的内表面和外表面。一次性隔室包括：内窥镜前端的内窥镜顶盖，活检钳的一次性管，以及内窥镜轴用外鞘。尖端帽连接鞘囊和用于活检钳的一次性管。在内窥镜头的侧面设置有多个窗口，其中包含透明流体的药丸放置在尖端帽和内窥镜的远端之间的某处。丸剂将被顶盖和内窥镜的远端的共同部分压碎，以释放透明流体，以填充尖端盖和内窥镜的远端之间形成的空间。本发明的这种一次性护套室将以一次性材料覆盖内窥镜的所有表面，防止在内窥镜检查时对内窥镜的污染，同时具有防眩光设计，以防止在尖端帽与远端之间形成的空间中产生眩光的内窥镜。

6. 发明授权

US06574280B1 Method and apparatus for detecting and determining characteristics of a digital channel in a data communication system 有权
标题翻译：用于检测和确定数据通信系统中的数字信道特性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06574280B1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-03
申请号：US09361872
申请日：1999-07-27
申请人： Thomas Liau , Jason Brent , Zhenyu Zhou
发明人： Thomas Liau , Jason Brent , Zhenyu Zhou
IPC分类号： H04B1404
CPC分类号： H04L25/4927 , H04L29/06 , H04L69/24 , H04M11/06
摘要： An initialization procedure for a digital modem system treats the presence of ADPCM as if it were a digital impairment such that the modem system can utilize effective compensation techniques to address the ADPCM. The modem system initially determines whether the current communication channel is a fully digital channel. Next, the modem system determines whether the channel includes any ADPCM elements. If ADPCM is detected, then a digital impairment learning routine is performed to obtain the ADPCM compression characteristics and data rate. The digital impairment learning routine may use a single probing sequence to obtain the ADPCM characteristics while identifying any concurrent digital impairments such as RBS, digital pads, and encoding law conversions. Once the digital channel is characterized, the modem system may condition its transmitters and receivers in an appropriate manner to obtain an increased data rate.
摘要翻译：数字调制解调器系统的初始化程序将ADPCM的存在视为数字损害，使得调制解调器系统可以利用有效的补偿技术来解决ADPCM。调制解调器系统最初确定当前通信信道是否是完全数字信道。接下来，调制解调器系统确定信道是否包括任何ADPCM元素。如果检测到ADPCM，则执行数字损伤学习程序以获得ADPCM压缩特性和数据速率。数字损伤学习程序可以使用单个探测序列来获得ADPCM特征，同时识别任何并发的数字损伤，例如RBS，数字焊盘和编码法则转换。一旦数字信道被表征，调制解调器系统可以以适当的方式调节其发射机和接收机以获得增加的数据速率。

7. 发明授权

US6034991A Method and apparatus for implementing enhanced multiple modulus conversion techniques in a signal point mapping context 失效
公开(公告)号：US6034991A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US13671
申请日：1998-01-26
申请人： Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang , Yuanjie Chen
发明人： Zhenyu Zhou , Xuming Zhang , Yuanjie Chen
IPC分类号： H04L25/49 , H04L5/16
CPC分类号： H04L25/4927
摘要： The present invention relates to multiple modulus conversion (MMC) techniques for mapping data in a pulse code modulation (PCM) modem system. In accordance with the present invention, signal point constellations are arranged to receive the output indices generated by the MMC procedure such that the probability of transmission of higher power codewords is relatively low compared to the probability of transmission of lower power codewords, while maintaining the same or larger minimum distance between signal points. In addition, the present invention provides techniques for obtaining the probability of occurrence for each constellation or signal point associated with a given data communication session and for determining the theoretical average transmit power associated with a given set of signal point constellations and MMC parameters. In addition, the present invention provides a method for estimating a reasonable upper bound for the average transmit power associated with a given set of signal point constellations and MMC parameters. The present invention is also capable of transmitting the codewords defined by an MMC procedure in a specific order that may be optimized in accordance with a particular cost function associated with the modem system.

8. 发明授权

US10342413B2 Sheathed duodenoscope 有权
公开(公告)号：US10342413B2
公开(公告)日：2019-07-09
申请号：US15098602
申请日：2016-04-14
申请人： Kerang Jiang , Xiangyang Wu , Zhenyu Zhou , Chong Chen , Jian Zhang , Ming Xu
发明人： Kerang Jiang , Xiangyang Wu , Zhenyu Zhou , Chong Chen , Jian Zhang , Ming Xu
IPC分类号： A61B1/00 , A61B1/06
摘要： The present disclosure is for an endoscope assembly comprising an endoscope and a disposable sheath cover. The endoscope comprises an illumination window adjacent to an observation window situated along a lateral side of a distal end portion, and an elongated slot to accommodate biopsy instruments. The sheath further comprises an end cap fitted around the end portion of the endoscope with a capsule secured to its inner wall. When the end cap engages the endoscope, the capsule is ruptured to release a transparent liquid immersing the illumination window and the observation window. A soft connector is bonded to the end cap covering the elongated slot, and to an outer surface of a biopsy channel. The soft connector further comprises an opening allowing the biopsy channel to pass through. The sheath can accommodate air/water tubes, and is secured onto the shaft of the endoscope via a cuff.

9. 发明授权

US07173963B2 Method and apparatus for identifying the encoding type of a central office codec 失效
标题翻译：用于识别中心局编解码器的编码类型的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07173963B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-06
申请号：US10614434
申请日：2003-07-02
申请人： Xuming Zhang , Zhenyu Zhou
发明人： Xuming Zhang , Zhenyu Zhou
IPC分类号： H04B1/38 , H04L5/16
CPC分类号： H04L25/4927 , H04M11/068 , H04Q11/04 , H04Q2213/13034 , H04Q2213/13199 , H04Q2213/13204 , H04Q2213/13216 , H04Q2213/13292
摘要： A technique for identifying the encoding law utilized by a central office codec may be implemented in a receive modem. The encoding law, which is typically dictated by the country in which the central office is located, is employed to generate a plurality of transmission levels during an initialization period associated with the modem system. The receive modem analyzes a number of these transmission levels to determine whether the levels have certain characteristics associated with the particular encoding law followed by the central office codec. When the receive modem detects the codec type, it may transmit a suitable identifier back to the transmit modem.
摘要翻译：用于识别由中心局编解码器使用的编码规则的技术可以在接收调制解调器中实现。通常由中心局所在的国家规定的编码规则被用于在与调制解调器系统相关联的初始化时段期间产生多个传输级别。接收调制解调器分析这些传输级别的数量，以确定这些级别是否具有与中心局编解码器之后的特定编码规则相关联的特定特性。当接收调制解调器检测到编解码器类型时，它可以将合适的标识符发送回发送调制解调器。

10. 发明申请

US20100180100A1 Matrix microprocessor and method of operation 审中-公开
标题翻译：矩阵微处理器和操作方法
公开(公告)号：US20100180100A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-15
申请号：US12319934
申请日：2009-01-13
申请人： Tsung-Hsin Lu , Carl Alberola , Rajesh Chhabria , Zhenyu Zhou
发明人： Tsung-Hsin Lu , Carl Alberola , Rajesh Chhabria , Zhenyu Zhou
IPC分类号： G06F15/76 , G06F9/30
CPC分类号： G06F9/30032 , G06F9/30036 , G06F9/30105 , G06F9/30109 , G06F9/3013 , G06F9/30141 , G06F9/3824 , G06F9/3828 , G06F12/0862 , G06F13/28
摘要： A microprocessor includes a direct access memory (DMA) engine which is responsive to pairs of block indices associated with one or more blocks in a first logical plane and transfers the one or more blocks between the first logical plane, a second logical plane, and a physical memory space according to the pairs of block indices. The logical planes represent two dimensional fields of data such as those found in images and videos. The microprocessor further comprises cache memory which updates its content with one or more cache-blocks which are in the neighborhood of the one or more blocks improving the operation of the cache memory by increasing cache hits. The DMA engine may further operate on n-dimensional blocks in a n-dimensional logical space. The microprocessor further includes special-purpose instructions, operative on a single-instruction-multiple-data (SIMD) computation unit, especially tailored to perform matrix operations. The SIMD may share scalar operands with an onboard single-instruction-single-data (SISD) computation unit.
摘要翻译：微处理器包括直接访问存储器（DMA）引擎，其响应于与第一逻辑平面中的一个或多个块相关联的块索引对，并且在第一逻辑平面，第二逻辑平面和第二逻辑平面之间传送一个或多个块物理内存空间根据块索引对。逻辑平面表示数据的二维字段，例如在图像和视频中找到的数据。微处理器还包括高速缓存存储器，其通过一个或多个块附近的一个或多个高速缓存块更新其内容，通过增加高速缓存命中来改善高速缓冲存储器的操作。 DMA引擎还可以在n维逻辑空间中对n维块进行操作。微处理器还包括在单指令多数据（SIMD）计算单元上操作的特殊用途指令，特别适于执行矩阵操作。 SIMD可以与板载单指令单数据（SISD）计算单元共享标量操作数。

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