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1. 发明申请

WO2021226398A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THERMIONIC ENERGY CONVERSION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2021226398A1
公开(公告)日：2021-11-11
申请号：PCT/US2021/031183
申请日：2021-05-06
申请人： SPARK THERMIONICS, INC.
发明人： HOUTEN, Kyana, Van , HESS, Lucas, Heinrich , SCHWEDE, Jared , SCHMITT, Felix
IPC分类号： H01J45/00 , G21C3/40 , G21D7/04 , G21H1/10
摘要： A thermionic energy conversion system, preferably including one or more electron collectors, interfacial layers, encapsulation, and/or electron emitters. A method for manufacturing the thermionic energy conversion system. A method of operation for a thermionic energy conversion system, preferably including receiving power, emitting electrons, and receiving the emitted electrons, and optionally including convectively transferring heat.

2. 发明申请

WO2021061997A1 PLANAR ENERGY HARVESTING THERMIONIC DEVICE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2021061997A1
公开(公告)日：2021-04-01
申请号：PCT/US2020/052508
申请日：2020-09-24
申请人： BIRMINGHAM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
发明人： BIRMINGHAM, Joseph , BRAINARD, James, P.
IPC分类号： H01J45/00
摘要： Embodiments relate to an apparatus for energy converters and electric power generators, especially at the nano-scale. The apparatus includes first and second electrodes positioned proximate to each other. The first electrode has a first work function value and the second electrode has a different second work function value. A separation material is positioned between the first and second electrodes. The separation material includes a first surface in at least partial physical contact with the first electrode and a second surface positioned opposite from the first surface. The second surface is in at least partial physical contact with the second electrode. The first and second electrodes and the separation material form an at least partially planar energy harvesting thermionic device.

3. 发明申请

WO2021041166A1 ELEMENTS FOR MITIGATING ELECTRON REFLECTION AND VACUUM ELECTRONIC DEVICES INCORPORATING ELEMENTS FOR MITIGATING ELECTRON REFLECTION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2021041166A1
公开(公告)日：2021-03-04
申请号：PCT/US2020/047291
申请日：2020-08-21
申请人： MODERN ELECTRON, INC.
发明人： CLARK, Stephen E. , GROENEWALD, Roelof E. , KANNAN, Arvind , LU, Hsin-I , MERTHE, Daniel J. , PARKER, Jason M. , PEARSE, Alexandrer J. , SCHERPELZ, Peter J. , MANKIN, Max N. , PAN, Tony S.
IPC分类号： H01J45/00 , H01J3/40
摘要： Various disclosed embodiments include elements for mitigating electron reflection in a vacuum electronic device, vacuum electronic devices that incorporate elements for mitigating electron reflection, and methods of fabricating elements for reducing reflection of electrons off an electrode. An illustrative electrode assembly includes an electrode. Elements are configured to reduce reflection of electrons off the electrode.

4. 发明申请

WO2019118746A1 THERMIONIC WAVE GENERATOR (TWG) 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2019118746A1
公开(公告)日：2019-06-20
申请号：PCT/US2018/065494
申请日：2018-12-13
申请人： SPACE CHARGE, LLC
发明人： SWEENEY, Daniel , VOLLMER, Devin , READ, John
IPC分类号： F28D20/00 , H01M6/36 , H01L35/30 , H02J15/00 , H01J45/00
摘要： Energy conversion systems that may employ control grid electrodes, acceleration grid electrodes, inductive elements, multi-stage anodes, and emissive carbon coatings on the cathode and anode are described. These and other characteristics may allow for advantageous thermal energy to electrical energy conversion.

5. 发明申请

WO2018144340A3 MODULAR NUCLEAR REACTORS, FUEL STRUCTURES, AND RELATED METHODS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2018144340A3
公开(公告)日：2018-08-09
申请号：PCT/US2018/015466
申请日：2018-01-26
申请人： BATTELLE ENERGY ALLIANCE, LLC
发明人： STERBENTZ, James , WERNER, James E.
IPC分类号： G21C3/40 , G21D7/04 , H01J45/00
摘要： A modular nuclear reactor comprises a central portion comprising a plurality of structures. Each structure comprises a fuel material surrounded by an outer cladding material, the fuel material defining an annular space at a center portion of the fuel material, a heat pipe disposed in the annular space, and an inner cladding between the fuel material and the heat pipe. The modular nuclear reactor further comprises a side reflector disposed around the central portion. Related modular nuclear reactors and related methods are disclosed.

6. 发明申请

WO2015158717A1 CELLULE PHOTO-THERMO-VOLTAÏQUE À GÉNÉRATEUR DE PLASMA PAR RÉSONANCE MICROONDE 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有等离子发生器的微波热电池通过微波谐振
公开(公告)号：WO2015158717A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-22
申请号：PCT/EP2015/058081
申请日：2015-04-14
申请人： CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (C.N.R.S)
发明人： PIERRE, Thierry
IPC分类号： H01J45/00 , H05H1/46
CPC分类号： H01J45/00 , H05H1/46 , H05H2001/463
摘要： Une cellule (100) de génération d'un courant électrique par conversion d'énergies thermique et photonique en énergie électrique, ladite cellule (100) comprenant un convertisseur photo-thermo-voltaïque (108), ledit convertisseur comportant une cathode émettrice (122) à semi-conducteur adaptée à être illuminée par des ondes électromagnétiques (R) afin d'émettre des électrons, et une anode collectrice (124) adaptée à collecter les électrons émis par la cathode émettrice (122), dans laquelle la cathode émettrice (122) et l'anode collectrice (124) définissent entre elles un espace de transfert d'électrons (129). La cellule (100) est caractérisé en ce que le convertisseur photo-thermo-voltaïque (108) comprend un générateur de plasma (120) par résonance de micro-ondes adapté à générer un plasma dans l'espace de transfert d'électrons (129). Application préférée à la conversion d'énergie solaire en énergie électrique.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于通过将热能和光子能量转化成电力来产生电流的电池（100），所述电池（100）包括光热转换器（108），所述转换器包括具有半导体适合的发射阴极（122）为了发射电子而被电磁波（R）照射，以及收集阳极（124），其适于收集由发射阴极（122）发射的电子，其中发射阴极（122）和收集阳极（124））在其间限定电子转移空间（129）。电池（100）的特征在于光电转换器（108）包括通过适于在电子传输空间（129）中产生等离子体的微波谐振的等离子体发生器（120）。本发明的优选用途是将太阳能转换成电力。

7. 发明申请

WO2013157656A1 THERMAL RECTIFICATION DEVICE 审中-公开
标题翻译：热修复装置
公开(公告)号：WO2013157656A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-24
申请号：PCT/JP2013/061704
申请日：2013-04-16
申请人： KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOYOTA CHUO KENKYUSHO
发明人： IIZUKA, Hideo , FAN, Shanhui
IPC分类号： F28F13/18 , F28D21/00 , B82Y30/00 , H01J45/00 , H01L35/00
CPC分类号： F25B21/00 , B82Y30/00 , F25B2321/00 , F28D20/00 , F28F13/18 , F28F21/04 , F28F99/00 , F28F2255/20
摘要： The first and second media are coupled via evanescent waves generated by surface phonon polaritons thermally excited on surfaces of the first and second media. The first and second media made of the same material are disposed with a gap formed therebetween for cutting off thermal conduction and the heat transfer between them is performed mainly via the thermally excited evanescent waves. A third medium is provided on a surface of the first medium on a side toward the second medium. Heat flux which flows from the second medium to the first medium in a first state in which the second medium has a first temperature T H and the first medium has a second temperature T L lower than the T H differ in intensity from heat flux which flows from the first to the second medium in a second state in which the first medium has the T H and the second medium has the T L .
摘要翻译：第一和第二介质通过在第一和第二介质的表面上被热激发的表面声子极化子产生的ev逝波耦合。由相同材料制成的第一和第二介质以它们之间形成的间隙设置以切断热传导，并且它们之间的热传导主要通过热激发的ev逝波进行。在朝向第二介质的一侧的第一介质的表面上设置第三介质。第二介质在第一状态下从第二介质流向第一介质的热通量，其中第二介质具有第一温度TH，第一介质具有低于TH的第二温度TL，其强度与从第一介质流出的热通量不同在第二状态下，第二介质具有TH，第二介质具有TL。

8. 发明申请

WO2009058550A3 SOLID STATE TRANSPORT-BASED THERMOELECTRIC CONVERTER 审中-公开
标题翻译：基于固态运输的热电转换器
公开(公告)号：WO2009058550A3
公开(公告)日：2009-12-10
申请号：PCT/US2008079777
申请日：2008-10-14
申请人： UT BATTELLE LLC , HU ZHIYU
发明人： HU ZHIYU
IPC分类号： H01L35/00 , F23C13/00 , H01J45/00
CPC分类号： H01L35/00 , F23C99/00 , F23M2900/13003
摘要： A solid state thermoelectric converter includes a thermally insulating separator layer, a semiconducting collector and an electron emitter. The electron emitter comprises a metal nanoparticle layer or plurality of metal nanocatalyst particles disposed on one side of said separator layer. A first electrically conductive lead is electrically coupled to the electron emitter. The collector layer is disposed on the other side of the separator layer, wherein the thickness of the separator layer is less than 1 µm. A second conductive lead is electrically coupled to the collector layer.
摘要翻译：固态热电转换器包括隔热隔离层，半导体集电器和电子发射器。电子发射体包括金属纳米颗粒层或设置在所述隔离层一侧的多个金属纳米催化剂颗粒。第一导电引线电耦合到电子发射器。集电体层设置在隔板层的另一侧，隔板层的厚度小于1μm。第二导电引线电耦合到集电极层。

9. 发明申请

WO2008017924A3 METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THERMAL ENERGY-TO-ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONVERSION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于热能量到电能转换的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：WO2008017924A3
公开(公告)日：2008-12-18
申请号：PCT/IB2007002258
申请日：2007-08-06
申请人： HAGELSTEIN PETER , WU DENNIS
发明人： HAGELSTEIN PETER , WU DENNIS
IPC分类号： H01L35/00 , H01J45/00
CPC分类号： H01L35/32 , H01J45/00 , H01L35/00 , H01L35/16 , H01L35/34 , H02S10/30
摘要： An improved method of and apparatus for thermal-to-electric conversion involving relatively hot and cold juxtaposed surfaces separated by a small vacuum gap wherein the cold surface provides an array of single charge carrier converter elements along the surface and the hot surface transfers excitation energy to the opposing cold surface across the gap through Coulomb electrostatic coupling interaction.
摘要翻译：一种用于热电转换的改进方法和设备，涉及由小真空间隙分开的相对热和冷并置表面，其中冷表面提供沿表面的单个电荷载流子转换器元件的阵列，并且热表面将激发能量传递到通过库仑静电耦合相互作用跨过间隙的相对冷表面。

10. 发明申请

WO2007008059A3 ENERGY CONVERTING APPARATUS, GENERATOR AND HEAT PUMP PROVIDED THEREWITH AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF 审中-公开
标题翻译：能源转换装置，发电机及其提供的热泵及其生产方法
公开(公告)号：WO2007008059A3
公开(公告)日：2007-11-29
申请号：PCT/NL2006000331
申请日：2006-07-04
申请人： INNOVY , HAGG FRANKLIN
发明人： HAGG FRANKLIN
IPC分类号： H01J45/00
CPC分类号： F25B21/00 , F25B2321/003 , H01J45/00 , Y02B30/66 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T29/4935
摘要： A high-efficiency thermionic energy converter comprises a multilayer vacuum diode, the layers of which are very thin and the intermediate spaces between the layers are several nanometres thick. The layers are held at a distance from each other by arranging insulator elements embedded in the layers. One of the intermediate spaces is provided with a thin, open conductive elastic foam plate which fills the spaces possibly occurring due to deformation of an upper electrode. On the cold side the distance between the layers must be so small that here the thermionically generated current is increased by tunneling of electrons from layer to layer. The partial efficiency per layer is as optimal as possible by means of the choice of the geometry and the material. For the purpose of pumping heat from for instance the thick electrode to the other thick electrode of the converter, or vice versa, in accordance with the Peltier effect, a current is conducted through the converter which is increased by tunneling of electrons. Cooling or heating takes place subject to the current direction.
摘要翻译：高效热电子能量转换器包括多层真空二极管，其多层非常薄，并且层之间的中间空间为几纳米厚。通过布置嵌入层中的绝缘体元件将层彼此保持一定距离。一个中间空间设置有薄的，开放的导电弹性泡沫板，其填充由于上电极的变形而可能发生的空间。在冷侧，层之间的距离必须如此之小，这样通过电子从层到层的隧穿，增加热离子电流。通过选择几何和材料，每层的部分效率尽可能优化。为了将热量从例如厚电极泵送到转换器的另一个厚电极，或反之亦然，根据珀耳帖效应，通过转换器传导电流，电流通过电子隧穿而增加。冷却或加热发生在当前方向。

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