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    • 5. 发明申请
    • LIDAR SYSTEM WITH LOW-NOISE AVALANCHE PHOTODIODE
    • WO2022066481A1
    • 2022-03-31
    • PCT/US2021/050448
    • 2021-09-15
    • LUMINAR, LLC
    • GATES, James L.LACHAPELLE, Joseph G.EICHENHOLZ, Jason M.GAALEMA, Stephen D.
    • G01S17/931G05D1/00G01S7/486
    • A lidar system includes a light source to emit an optical signal and a receiver to detect an input optical signal (135) that includes a portion of the emitted optical signal scattered by a target located a distance from the lidar system. The receiver includes an avalanche photodiode (APD 400) to receive the input optical signal (135) and produce a photocurrent signal corresponding to the input optical signal. The APD (400) includes a multiplication region (450) that includes a digital- alloy region that includes two or more semiconductor alloy materials arranged in successive layers. The digital-alloy region produces at least a portion of the photocurrent signal by impact ionization. The receiver determines, based on the photocurrent signal produced by the APD (400), a round-trip time for the portion of the emitted optical signal to travel to the target and back to the lidar system. A digital alloy may include three components (ternary digital alloy) or four components (quaternary digital alloy), two or more semiconductor alloy materials being arranged in successive layers in a repeating or non-repeating pattern. The APD (400) may comprise an absorption region (430) to absorb at least a portion of the input optical signal (135) and produce electronic carriers corresponding to the absorbed portion thereof. The multiplication region (450) receives a portion of photogenerated electronic carriers produced in the absorption region (430). As a result, the APD (400) may operate with a lower excess noise factor or with a higher gain.