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    • 6. 发明申请
    • THERMAL GELATION OF FOODS AND BIOMATERIALS USING RAPID HEATING
    • 使用快速加热食品和生物材料的热凝胶
    • WO0133978A9
    • 2002-05-30
    • PCT/US0031171
    • 2000-11-13
    • IND MICROWAVE SYSTEMSUNIV NORTH CAROLINA STATESIMUNOVIC JOSIPSWARTZEL KENNETH RDROZD J MICHAELLANIER TYRERIEMANN ALEXANDER
    • SIMUNOVIC JOSIPSWARTZEL KENNETH RDROZD J MICHAELLANIER TYRERIEMANN ALEXANDER
    • A23B4/01A23L3/01A23L3/00
    • A23L3/01A23B4/01
    • The invention uses rapid heating to effect a material property change in a biomaterial. The biomaterial is heated to a predetermined real temperature, whereas the biomaterial's total thermal treatment is described by an equivalent temperature and an equivalent time defining a point above a minimum gel set temperature line, above a reduction in bacteria line, below a water loss line, and below a maximum gel set temperature line. According to one aspect of the invention, the biomaterial is heated by exposing the biomaterial to a relatively uniform electric field. The material is heated to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time in order to achieve a food product characterized by a preselected refrigerated shelf life of from about two weeks to about forty-two weeks. The food product may be packaged prior to the microwave exposure so as to sterilize the packaging and decrease product loss. According to another aspect of the invention, the material is heated to a predetermined real temperature T1 from time A to time B and a real temperature T2 from time B to time C. According to another aspect of the invention, the material is heated to a predetermined real temperature from time A to time B to attain a material property at shear stress level S1 and heated to a predetermined real temperature from time B to time C to attain at least one additional material property at shear stress level S2. According to another aspect of the invention, the material is moved at a predetermined rate R1 from time A to time B and a predetermined rate R2 from time B to time C. The material is preferably stationary (i.e. R2 = 0) from time B to time C. According to another aspect of the invention, multiple microwave cavities are used to effect the material property change in the biomaterial. The material is passed through a second microwave cavity that is sequentially arranged or concurrently arranged with the first microwave cavity.
    • 本发明使用快速加热来实现生物材料中的材料性质变化。 生物材料被加热到预定的实际温度,而生物材料的总热处理由等效温度和等效时间描述,该等温度和等效时间限定高于最小凝胶凝固温度线的点,高于细菌线的减少,低于水分损失线, 并低于最大凝胶凝固温度线。 根据本发明的一个方面,通过将生物材料暴露于相对均匀的电场来加热生物材料。 将材料加热至预定温度达预定时间,以便达到以预选的约2周至约42周的冷藏保质期为特征的食品。 食品可以在微波暴露之前被包装,以对包装进行灭菌并减少产品损失。 根据本发明的另一方面,将材料从时间A加热到预定的实际温度T1,并将时间B的实际温度T2加热到时间C.根据本发明的另一方面,将材料加热至 从时间A到时间B的预定实际温度,以获得在剪切应力水平S1下的材料性质,并从时间B加热到预定的实际温度到时间C,以在剪切应力水平S2达到至少一种额外的材料性质。 根据本发明的另一方面,材料以从时间A到时间B的预定速率R1和从时间B到时间C的预定速率R2移动。材料优选是从时间B到...的静止(即R2 = 0) 时间C.根据本发明的另一方面,使用多个微波腔来实现生物材料中的材料性质变化。 材料通过与第一微波腔顺序布置或同时布置的第二微波腔。