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1. 发明申请

WO1985003922A1 PROCEDURE FOR PREVENTING HYDROCARBON EMISSION FROM ROCK CISTERNS 审中-公开
标题翻译：防止石油烃排放的程序
公开(公告)号：WO1985003922A1
公开(公告)日：1985-09-12
申请号：PCT/FI1984000022
申请日：1984-03-06
申请人： NESTE OY , JAKKULA, Juha , HURME, Markku , KOSKINEN, Esko
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： B65G05/00
CPC分类号： B65G5/00 , B65D90/30
摘要： A procedure for preventing hydrocarbon emissions when liquid hydrocarbons with high vapour pressure are stored in rock cisterns (11). The rock cistern (11) is kept completely closed during withdrawal as well as filling. When the cistern (11) is emptied, the pressure in the gas space is elevated by heating. The surface layer of the liquid in the cistern (11) is heated, and heated hydrocarbons are conducted into the cistern (11). When the cistern is emptied, part of the liquid flow is conducted to a heat exchanger (15), in which it is heated, and conducted back into the cistern (11). From the surface layer of the liquid in the cistern (11) a liquid flow is pumped to the heat exchanger (15), where it is heated, and conducted back into the gas space (17) of the cistern (11).
摘要翻译：用于防止在具有高蒸汽压力的液体烃储存在岩石水池（11）中时碳氢化合物排放的程序。岩石水箱（11）在卸料和填充期间保持完全关闭。当水箱（11）排空时，气体空间中的压力通过加热而升高。水箱（11）中液体的表面层被加热，加热的碳氢化合物被导入水箱（11）。当水箱被排空时，一部分液体流被传导到热交换器（15），在该热交换器（15）中被加热并传导回到水箱（11）中。从水箱（11）中的液体的表面层，液体流被泵送到热交换器（15），在该热交换器（15）中被加热，并且传导回到水箱（11）的气体空间（17）中。

2. 发明申请

WO1993019032A1 PROCESS FOR PREPARING METHYL ETHERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备甲基醚的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1993019032A1
公开(公告)日：1993-09-30
申请号：PCT/FI1993000098
申请日：1993-03-18
申请人： NESTE OY , TAMMINEN, Esa , AITTAMAA, Juhani , JAKKULA, Juha
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C07C41/06
CPC分类号： B01D3/009 , C07C41/06 , C07C41/42 , Y02P20/127 , C07C43/046
摘要： The invention relates to a process for preparing tertiary methyl ethers. According to the process the feedstock containing hydrocarbons is fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system, in which the isoolefines, in particular the C4 to C7 isoolefines, of the feed are reacted with methanol in the presence of a cation exchange resin in order to produce tertiary methyl ether products. The reaction product containing the ethers is removed from the distillation system as the bottoms product and, if necessary, it is subjected to an additional treatment for producing a gasoline component. The unreacted methanol is removed as the overhead product of the distillation. According to the invention, the distillate withdrawn mainly contains an azeotrope of C4 hydrocarbons and methanol, the C4 amount of which at least approximately corresponds to the C4 hydrocarbon concentration of the hydrocarbon feed, a substantial amount of the unreacted methanol being removed in the form of said azeotrope. By means of the invention the need for a separate methanol washing unit is eliminated in the apparatus which considerably diminishes apparatus investment costs.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制备叔甲基醚的方法。根据该方法，将含有烃的原料进料到催化蒸馏反应器系统中，其中进料的异烯烃，特别是C4至C7异烯烃在阳离子交换树脂的存在下与甲醇反应，以产生叔甲醚产品。含有醚的反应产物作为塔底产物从蒸馏系统中除去，如果需要，将其进行额外处理以生产汽油组分。作为蒸馏塔顶产物除去未反应的甲醇。根据本发明，取出的馏出物主要含有C 4烃和甲醇的共沸物，其C4量至少大约对应于烃进料的C4烃浓度，大量未反应的甲醇以说共沸物。通过本发明，在装置中消除了对单独的甲醇洗涤单元的需求，这显着地减少了设备投资成本。

3. 发明申请

WO1984000035A1 PROCEDURE FOR THERMAL CRACKING OF HYDROCARBON OILS 审中-公开
标题翻译：石油热裂解程序
公开(公告)号：WO1984000035A1
公开(公告)日：1984-01-05
申请号：PCT/FI1983000044
申请日：1983-06-10
申请人： NESTE OY , ÖRNHJELM, Kaj-Erik , JAKKULA, Juha , GÄDDA, Lars , KYTÖNEN, Pertti , GROS, Stefan
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C10G09/16
CPC分类号： C10G9/00 , B01J2208/0084 , B01J2219/00772
摘要： A procedure for thermal cracking of hydrocarbons. In the procedure, the hydrocarbons are heated to reaction temperature and conducted into the reaction zone, where the flow is upward from below. The fluid/gas mixture is by the aid of a helix system (16, 17) or by nozzles set in tangential rotation in the pressure vessel (14), which constitutes the reaction zone (18), whereby a uniform delay time is obtained without any intermediate bottoms impeding cleaning operations.

4. 发明申请

WO1994000411A1 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING TERTIARY ETHERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：生产其他食品的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：WO1994000411A1
公开(公告)日：1994-01-06
申请号：PCT/FI1993000266
申请日：1993-06-22
申请人： NESTE OY , EILOS, Isto , AITTAMAA, Juhani , JAKKULA, Juha
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C07C41/06
CPC分类号： C07C41/06 , B01J8/20 , B01J8/26 , C07C43/046
摘要： The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing tertiary alkyl ethers from isoolefins and alcohols. According to the process, the isoolefins and alcohols are reacted with each other in a reaction space (31) in the presence of a cation exchange resin for forming the ethers. The process is carried out in an reactor vessel comprising a lower section in which a fluidized-bed section (35) can be formed, and an upper section in which a fixed-bed section (36) can be formed, respectively. The inlet nozzle (30A) for initial reactant mixture feed is adapted to the reactor vessel lower section and the outlet nozzle (30B) for removal of reaction products is adapted to the reactor vessel upper section, respectively. According to the invention the fixed reaction bed (36) is advantageously achieved by using a reactor equipped with an expansion section (37) above which the reactor cross-sectional area is increased sufficiently to reduce the superficial velocity of the liquid upflow from the reactor lower section to the upper section below the minimum fluidization velocity. By virtue of the invention, the catalyst contained in the fixed bed can be changed even during run by temporarily reducing the superficial liquid velocity so much as to allow the catalyst particles contained in the fixed bed to fall by gravity to the lower section of the reactor, wherefrom the spent catalyst can be unloaded as necessary and replaced by new catalyst.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及从异烯烃和醇生产叔烷基醚的方法和设备。根据该方法，异氰酸酯和醇在反应空间（31）中在形成醚的阳离子交换树脂的存在下反应。该方法在包括其中可以形成流化床部分（35）的下部分的反应器容器中，以及分别可以形成固定床部分（36）的上部分。用于初始反应物混合物进料的入口喷嘴（30A）适于反应器容器下部，并且用于除去反应产物的出口喷嘴（30B）分别适应于反应器容器上部。根据本发明，固定反应床（36）有利地通过使用装备有膨胀段（37）的反应器来实现，在该反应器上方，反应器的横截面面积被充分地增加以降低来自反应器的液体向上流的表面速度截面到最低流化速度以下的上部。根据本发明，即使在运行期间，包含在固定床中的催化剂也可以通过暂时降低表面液体速度来改变，使得包含在固定床中的催化剂颗粒通过重力下降到反应器的下部，从而可以根据需要卸载废催化剂，并用新的催化剂代替。

5. 发明申请

WO1984000036A1 PROCEDURE FOR THERMAL CRACKING OF HYDROCARBON OILS 审中-公开
标题翻译：烃油的热裂解程序
公开(公告)号：WO1984000036A1
公开(公告)日：1984-01-05
申请号：PCT/FI1983000045
申请日：1983-06-10
申请人： NESTE OY , ÖRNHJELM, Kaj-Erik , JAKKULA, Juha , GÄDDA, Lars , KYTÖNEN, Pertti , GROS, Stefan
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C10G09/16
CPC分类号： C10G9/04 , B01J3/04 , B01J2219/1946
摘要： Procedure for thermal cracking of hydrocarbons. In the procedure the hydrocarbons are heated to reaction temperature and conducted into a reaction zone, where the flow is upward from below. The reaction zone (17) is formed of a pressure vessel (14) of which the cross section increases in the direction upward from below, whereby is achieved a uniform retention time without any perforated intermediate bottoms or equivalent placed in the reaction vessel. The walls of the reaction zone (17) subtend with the central axis an angle (beta) of which the magnitude is between 2 and 15 degrees.
摘要翻译：烃类热裂解过程在这个过程中，烃被加热到反应温度并且被送到反应区，在反应区中向上流动。反应区17由横截面在向上方向上增加的压力容器14形成，由此获得均匀的停留时间而没有穿孔的中间底部或放置在容器中的等同部件。反应。反应区（17）的壁与中心轴成一个角度（β），其范围在2°和15°之间。

6. 发明申请

WO1993019031A1 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING TERTIARY ALKYL ETHERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备碱性烷基醚的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO1993019031A1
公开(公告)日：1993-09-30
申请号：PCT/FI1993000097
申请日：1993-03-18
申请人： NESTE OY , AITTAMAA, Juhani , EILOS, Isto , JAKKULA, Juha , LINDQVIST, Petri
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C07C41/06
CPC分类号： C07C41/42 , B01D3/009 , C07C41/06 , Y02P20/127 , Y10S203/06 , Y10S203/17 , Y10S203/20 , C07C43/046
摘要： The invention concerns a process and an apparatus for preparing tertiary ethers. According to the process, C4 to C6 isoolefins and possibly heavier olefins contained in the feedstock are reacted with lower aliphatic alcohols, in particular methanol or ethanol, in a catalytic distillation reactor system in order to produce the corresponding ethers. According to the invention, the reaction between the isoolefins and the alcohols is essentially carried out in at least one reactor (5-7) of the kind, which is combined with a distillation column (3) intended for product separation, by conducting at least a part of the liquid flow of the column through the reactor and returning it to a lower tray than the one from which it was taken. At least half of cation exchange resin is placed in the side reactor (5-7). In the process according to the invention, the catalyst can be rapidly changed without stopping the process. In order to improve conversion additional alcohol can be fed to at least one of the side reactors.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制备叔醚的方法和装置。根据该方法，原料中所含的C4至C6异烯烃和可能较重的烯烃在催化蒸馏反应器系统中与低级脂族醇，特别是甲醇或乙醇反应，以产生相应的醚。根据本发明，异烯烃和醇之间的反应基本上在至少一个与用于产物分离的蒸馏塔（3）组合的反应器（5-7）中进行，至少通过至少柱的液体流的一部分通过反应器并将其返回到比从其取出的塔的下部托盘。将至少一半的阳离子交换树脂置于侧反应器（5-7）中。在根据本发明的方法中，可以快速改变催化剂而不停止该方法。为了改善转化率，另外的醇可以进料至至少一个侧反应器。

7. 发明申请

WO1998021263A1 PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF POLYHYDROXY ACIDS 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备聚羟基酸的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1998021263A1
公开(公告)日：1998-05-22
申请号：PCT/FI1997000675
申请日：1997-11-07
申请人： NESTE OY , SÖDERGÅRD, Anders , STOLT, Mikael
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C08G63/08
CPC分类号： C08G63/823
摘要： The invention relates to a process for the polymerization or copolymerization of cyclic lactones of hydroxy acids by using as catalysts organometallic iron compounds containing iron salts or iron esters of carboxylic acids having at maximum 18 carbon atoms or some iron complexes. The invention relates preferably to the polymerization of lactide by using an iron acetate catalyst or initiator.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及通过使用含有最多18个碳原子的羧酸或一些铁络合物的铁盐或铁酯的有机金属铁化合物作为催化剂聚合或共聚羟基酸的环状内酯的方法。本发明优选地通过使用乙酸铁催化剂或引发剂来优化丙交酯的聚合。

8. 发明申请

WO1998007675A1 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 2-BUTYL-2-ETHYL-1,3-PROPANEDIOL 审中-公开
标题翻译： 2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇的制备方法
公开(公告)号：WO1998007675A1
公开(公告)日：1998-02-26
申请号：PCT/FI1997000484
申请日：1997-08-19
申请人： NESTE OY , LINDFORS, Lars-Peter , HEINOLA, Kalevi , KULMALA, Kari , HAKANPÄÄ-LAITINEN, Hannele , RINTALA, Lea , PARKKINEN, Lea , LEHTINEN, Vesa-Matti
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C07C31/20
CPC分类号： C07C29/38 , C07C31/20
摘要： the present invention concerns a process for producing 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol. According to the process, a reaction mixture is formed, containing 2-ethylhexanal and formaldehyde, into which a hydroxide compound is fed, whereby 2-ethylhexanal and formaldehyde are reacted to produce 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol. According to the invention, the hydroxide compound is incrementally fed into the reaction mixture. Preferably, the hydroxide compound is fed at least at two input rates, in such a way that the heat production of the reaction between 2-ethylhexanal and formaldehyde immediately after each increase of the input rate of the hydroxide compound is at least almost the same. The invention allows for the production of BEPD in a controlled and safe manner, with excellent yields.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种生产2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇的方法。根据该方法，形成含有2-乙基己醛和甲醛的反应混合物，其中加入氢氧化物，由此使2-乙基己醛和甲醛反应，生成2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇。根据本发明，向反应混合物中逐渐加入氢氧化物。优选地，氢氧化物化合物至少以两种输入速率进料，使得在每次增加氢氧化物化合物的输入速率之后立即在2-乙基己醛和甲醛之间的反应的热产生至少几乎相同。本发明允许以控制和安全的方式生产BEPD，具有优异的产率。

9. 发明申请

WO1997023474A1 ADDITIVES USABLE IN PREPARATION OF ALKENYL SUCCINIC ANHYDRIDE 审中-公开
标题翻译：添加剂可用于制备烷基苯甲酸酐
公开(公告)号：WO1997023474A1
公开(公告)日：1997-07-03
申请号：PCT/FI1996000657
申请日：1996-12-12
申请人： NESTE OY , MÄKIPEURA, Petri , KAPANEN, Mika , TULISALO, Jukka , KOSKIMIES, Salme
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C07D307/60
CPC分类号： C07C51/567 , C07C57/13
摘要： In the preparation of alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) from an olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon and a maleic anhydride, additives are used in the preparation reaction in order to improve the yield of the product and to reduce side reactions. According to the present invention, quinone and hydroquinone derivatives as well as dialkyl sulfoxides and transition-metal acetylacetonate have such properties. The amounts to be added are approx. 0.01-2 mol % of the amount of maleic anhydride. The olefin is preferably a straight-chain alpha -olefin or a straight-chain or branched internal olefin having a chain length of 6-20 carbon atoms. The olefin may also be a polyolefin, in which case the preferred molecular weight is 900-1500. The preparation process may be of the batch type or the semi-batch type, and the maleic anhydride and the additive may be added in several batches or as a continuous feed which may be even or variable. The ASA obtained by the process may be used in particular as an additive in foods, for hydroxy sizing of paper, or as a dispersing agent in lubricants.
摘要翻译：在由烯属不饱和烃和马来酸酐制备链烯基琥珀酸酐（ASA）时，在制备反应中使用添加剂以提高产物的产率并减少副反应。根据本发明，醌和氢醌衍生物以及二烷基亚砜和过渡金属乙酰丙酮化物具有这样的性质。添加量约为。 0.01-2摩尔％的马来酸酐。烯烃优选为直链α-烯烃或链长为6-20个碳原子的直链或支链内烯烃。烯烃也可以是聚烯烃，在这种情况下，优选的分子量为900-1500。制备方法可以是间歇式或半批式，并且马来酸酐和添加剂可以分批加入或作为可以均匀或可变的连续进料。通过该方法获得的ASA可特别用作食品中的添加剂，用于纸张的羟基上浆或作为润滑剂中的分散剂。

10. 发明申请

WO1996026913A1 PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF POLY-N-BUTENES HAVING HIGH VISCOSITY 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备具有高粘度的聚N-丁烯的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1996026913A1
公开(公告)日：1996-09-06
申请号：PCT/FI1995000106
申请日：1995-02-27
申请人： NESTE OY , KAPANEN, Mika , HALME Erkki , KOSKIMIES Salme
发明人： NESTE OY
IPC分类号： C07C02/20
CPC分类号： C07C2/04 , C07C2527/1213 , C07C2531/02 , C07C2531/04
摘要： The application relates to a process for the oligomerization of olefins, preferably a hydrocarbon blend which contains 1-butenes and/or 2-butenes, for example the so-called Raffinate II stream and cyclic aromatic or alicyclic hydrocarbons, by means of BF3 and a cocatalyst. The aromatic hydrocarbon may preferably be styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, alkyl styrene, or a blend thereof, and the alicyclic hydrocarbon may be vinyl cyclohexane, vinyl cyclohexene, or a blend thereof. The cocatalyst is an aliphatic alcohol, carboxylic acid or inorganic acid. The oligomerization may be carried out with or without a medium, at a temperature above 0 DEG C, by adjusting the pressure to 1-10 bar by means of BF3 gas. The oligomer prepared by the process may be used as a solvent or an additive in fuels or lubricants, in surfactants, in white and cosmetic oils requiring extra purity, and in PVC and polyolefin plastics. In polyester and vinyl ester resins this oligomer can be used for replacing in part the monomer (e.g. styrene), thus reducing monomer evaporation and to inhibit shrinkage at the hardening stage, and it also improves the optical properties of the said resins.
摘要翻译：本申请涉及烯烃低聚的方法，优选含有1-丁烯和/或2-丁烯的烃共混物，例如所谓的残液II类和环状芳族或脂环族烃，通过BF 3和助催化剂。芳族烃可以优选为苯乙烯，α-甲基苯乙烯，烷基苯乙烯或其共混物，脂环族烃可以是乙烯基环己烷，乙烯基环己烯或其共混物。助催化剂是脂族醇，羧酸或无机酸。通过用BF 3气调节压力至1-10巴，可以在高于0℃的温度下使用或不用介质进行低聚。通过该方法制备的低聚物可以用作燃料或润滑剂，表面活性剂，需要额外纯度的白色和化妆油以及PVC和聚烯烃塑料中的溶剂或添加剂。在聚酯和乙烯基酯树脂中，该低聚物可用于部分单体（例如苯乙烯）的替代，从而减少单体蒸发并抑制硬化阶段的收缩，并且还改善了所述树脂的光学性能。

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