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1. 发明申请

WO1992011699A1 DIGITAL-TO-ANALOGUE CONVERSION 审中-公开
标题翻译：数字到模拟转换
公开(公告)号：WO1992011699A1
公开(公告)日：1992-07-09
申请号：PCT/GB1991002279
申请日：1991-12-19
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , SANDLER, Mark, Brian , GOLDBERG, Jason, Matthew , HIORNS, Roderick, Edwin
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： H03M01/82
CPC分类号： H03F3/217 , H03F2200/331 , H03M1/822
摘要： A practical power amplifier for directly producing analogue power from a digital input includes an oversampling filter (14) for increasing the pulse repetition rate and a noise shaping filter (18) for reducing the word length. Before the digital samples are fed to a pulse width modulator (20) their value is adjusted so that the output pulses produced by the modulator (20) approximate to those which would have been produced had a continuously varying representation of the digital samples been sampled by a periodic comparison waveform and then fed to the modulator. The detector (16) thereby enables the modulator to have the low distortion characteristics usual of naturally sampled analogue modulation, whilst the circuit accepts the regularly occurring digital samples from conventional digital devices.
摘要翻译：用于从数字输入端直接产生模拟功率的实用功率放大器包括用于增加脉冲重复率的过采样滤波器（14）和用于减小字长的噪声整形滤波器（18）。在将数字样本馈送到脉冲宽度调制器（20）之前，调整它们的值，使得由调制器（20）产生的输出脉冲接近于已经产生的输出脉冲，数字采样的连续变化表示被采样周期性比较波形，然后馈送到调制器。因此，检测器（16）使得调制器能够具有通常采用自然采样的模拟调制的低失真特性，而电路接受来自常规数字设备的定期出现的数字采样。

2. 发明申请

WO1992005575A1 FIELD-ASSISTED BONDING 审中-公开
标题翻译：现场辅助接合
公开(公告)号：WO1992005575A1
公开(公告)日：1992-04-02
申请号：PCT/GB1991001659
申请日：1991-09-26
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , ROGERS, Tony, William, James
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： H01L21/20
CPC分类号： H01L24/83 , H01L21/2007 , H01L24/26 , H01L2224/8319 , H01L2224/8385 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/01013 , H01L2924/01014 , H01L2924/07802 , H01L2924/19041 , H01L2924/30105
摘要： The invention relates to a method of bonding together two workpieces, of which at least one is (or has a surface which is) of a material which is electrically substantially non-conductive, by the field-assisted bonding process known as electrostatic bonding which comprises the steps of positioning the workpieces in contact with one another at a common interface, maintaining at least their interface at an elevated temperature, applying a substantial first voltage between them so as to establish at the interface an electrostatic attraction which forces the workpiece surfaces into intimate contact with one another and causes them to bond to one another, and thereafter removing the applied voltage and allowing the workpieces to cool. According to the invention this process is improved by including the additional step, after application of the first voltage and while still maintaining the said interface at elevated temperature, of applying between the workpieces a second voltage of opposite polarity to the first voltage.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种通过称为静电接合的场辅助接合方法将两个工件（其至少有一个是（基本上是表面的）是基本上不导电的材料）结合在一起的方法，其包括将工件定位在公共接口处彼此接触的步骤，至少在高温下保持其界面，在它们之间施加相当大的第一电压，以便在界面处建立静电吸引力，以使工件表面紧密地彼此接触并使它们彼此结合，然后除去施加的电压并允许工件冷却。根据本发明，通过在施加第一电压之后并且在保持所述界面处于升高的温度的同时，在工件之间施加与第一电压相反的极性的第二电压，通过包括附加步骤来改进该过程。

3. 发明申请

WO1992005424A1 IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO LIQUID FLOW SYSTEMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：液相流动系统的改进或相关
公开(公告)号：WO1992005424A1
公开(公告)日：1992-04-02
申请号：PCT/GB1991001640
申请日：1991-09-24
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , HERON, Roger, Artindale
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01N15/06
摘要： A liquid flow system comprising conduit means through which liquid is pumped in normal use, and including means to determine the level of particulate contamination within that liquid, comprising: a valve in communication with the conduit means and comprising a valve member (1) moveable relatively to a valve housing (4), in which the member can be set relative to the housing to define a narrow clearance (20) through which flow takes place; means to interrupt the normal pumped flow of liquid through the system and, when it is so interrupted, to cause liquid to flow instead through the said valve clearance, and means to monitor the volume of liquid so passed, and thereby to derive a measure of the degree of contamination of the liquid in the system characterised in that the flow through the said narrow clearance is in a direction substantially at right angles to that of the said relative movement of the valve member and valve housing.
摘要翻译：一种液体流动系统，包括导管装置，液体在正常使用状态下被泵送，并且包括确定该液体内颗粒污染物水平的装置，包括：与导管装置连通并包括相对于可移动的阀构件到阀壳体（4），其中所述构件可相对于所述壳体设置，以限定发生流动的窄间隙（20）; 意味着中断通过系统的液体的正常抽吸流动，并且当其被如此中断时，导致液体代替通过所述阀间隙而流动，并且用于监测如此通过的液体的体积，从而导出系统中的液体的污染程度，其特征在于通过所述窄间隙的流动方向与阀构件和阀壳体的所述相对运动基本上成直角的方向。

4. 发明申请

WO1992001994A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS RELATING TO MICROPROPAGATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：与微量放射相关的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO1992001994A1
公开(公告)日：1992-02-06
申请号：PCT/GB1991001266
申请日：1991-07-26
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , McFARLANE, Nigel, James, Bruce
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： G06F15/62
CPC分类号： A01H4/003 , G06T1/0014
摘要： A method of locating a stem of a plant during micropropagation comprises the steps of generating an image signal by a video camera representing an image of the plants, and processing the image signal to locate portions of the plants having widths and lengths likely to constitute stem portions. Stems are then selected by choosing plant portions fulfilling the criteria that the angle to the vertical of the most nearly vertical side of the plant portion is less than a predetermined angle, and that there can be traced from the bottom of the plant portion a continuous downward path through plant material to the surface of the material in which the plant is growing. Another criterion which can be used is that the plant portion terminates at its top and at its bottom in an area of plant material greater than various predetermined size criteria. The location signals are then processed to provide a control signal for controlling a robotic end effecter to move to the required location, to grasp the selected stem, and to remove the plant or a required portion thereof from a nutrient medium in which the plant is growing. Stereo information can be derived by observing the plant from slightly different directions.

5. 发明申请

WO1992001317A1 COMPONENT AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于制造超导线的组件和方法
公开(公告)号：WO1992001317A1
公开(公告)日：1992-01-23
申请号：PCT/GB1991001098
申请日：1991-07-05
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , WALTERS, Colin, Russell , EVETTS, Jan, Edgar , FARMER, Francis, John, Vernon , HAWKSLEY, Thomas, Joseph
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： H01L39/14
CPC分类号： H01L39/2409 , Y10S428/93 , Y10S505/806 , Y10S505/821 , Y10T29/49014 , Y10T428/12486
摘要： A component (10) for making A15 Nb3Sn superconducting wire is of plane-filling cross-section after removing temporary additions (6, 7). It consists of a central pillar (1) of aluminium (later replaced by tin) surrounded by a two-deep array of polygonal copper columns (2/2a) containing niobium rods. Many (e.g. 61) components (10) are stacked together and extruded. The niobium rods adopt and retain a uniform distribution with minimum intervening material. On heat-treatment of the whole, the tin diffuses over a relatively short path and hence consistently into the rods, whereby there is formed a kilofilament Nb3Sn wire.

6. 发明申请

WO1992001230A1 VELOCIMETERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：测速仪
公开(公告)号：WO1992001230A1
公开(公告)日：1992-01-23
申请号：PCT/GB1991001114
申请日：1991-07-08
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , BARTON, James, Stephen , BORTHWICK, William, Kenneth, Donald , HARVEY, David , JONES, Julian, David, Clayton , McBRIDE, Roy
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： G01P03/36
CPC分类号： G01P3/366 , G01P5/26
摘要： A differential laser Doppler velocimeter is based on the use of a modified fibre optic Sagnac interferometer (1, 2). The interferometer phase is dependent not on the target displacement, but on its velocity. The output intensity of the interferometer may be modulated by control means (PC) which controls loop birefringence introducing a phase bias and polarisation offset between counter-propagating beams.

7. 发明申请

WO1991019466A1 PROSTHETIC KNEE JOINT DEVICES 审中-公开
标题翻译：预制接头装置
公开(公告)号：WO1991019466A1
公开(公告)日：1991-12-26
申请号：PCT/GB1991000943
申请日：1991-06-12
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , GOODFELLOW, John, William , O'CONNOR, John, Joseph
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： A61F02/38
CPC分类号： A61F2/389 , A61F2/3868 , A61F2002/3895
摘要： In or for a prosthetic knee joint device involving a femoral component having a convexly curved articulation surface, a tibial component (10) having a relatively flattened articulation surface (14), and a meniscal component (20) having two articulation surfaces (21, 22) in back-to-back disposition and respectively substantially complementary to, and for mutual engagement with, the femoral and tibial component articulation surfaces: an assembly of tibial and meniscal components including means (30) separably connectable with the tibial component at least partially to bridge the meniscal component to retain their mutual articulatory engagement.

8. 发明申请

WO1991019001A1 IMMUNODIAGNOSTIC ASSAY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 审中-公开
标题翻译：免疫组织化学测定用于炎症性脑膜炎
公开(公告)号：WO1991019001A1
公开(公告)日：1991-12-12
申请号：PCT/GB1991000821
申请日：1991-05-24
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , STANWORTH, Denis, Raymond , LEWIN, Ian, Victor , NAYYAR, Sarita
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： C12P21/08
CPC分类号： C07K16/42 , C07K16/38 , Y10S435/81 , Y10S435/975
摘要： The assay of rheumatoid arthritis by reference to IgA-α1-antitrypsin complex present in analytes is facilitated by certain novel antibody reagents. These are ligands comprising an antibody domain specific for an antigenic determinant of a complex of human IgA and α1-antitrypsin, said antibody domain being substantially non reactive with free human IgA and free human α1-antitrypsin. Monoclonal antibodies to the naturally occurring IgA-α1AT complex and monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to a synthetic peptide are preferred. The synthetic peptide in itself part of the invention and preferably has an amino acid sequence: Val-Ser-Val-Val-Met-Ala-Glu-Val-Asp-Gly-Thr-Cvs-Tvr.

9. 发明申请

WO1991018499A1 CUTTING APPARATUS AND METHODS RELATING TO MICROPROPAGATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：切割装置和与微孔相关的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1991018499A1
公开(公告)日：1991-12-12
申请号：PCT/GB1991000895
申请日：1991-06-05
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , BILLINGTON, William, Peter , GRUNDON, Peter, Michael
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： A01H04/00
CPC分类号： A01H4/003 , A01H4/001
摘要： A cutting apparatus for cutting plant tissue for micropropagation has a tubular cutter (33) which is mounted in a tube (51) and is moveable downwardly to effect cutting of plant tissue against a cutting surface. The cut portion of plant is retained in the bore of the cutter (33) and transferred to a nutrient medium, where it is ejected by downward movement of a blade (11). Further downward movement of the blade (11) then tips the cut portion of plant upright to a growing position. The blade (11) is offset from the central axis of the tubular cutter (33). Legs (55 and 56) limit the depth of movement of the blade (11). A triangular cut out (57) in the tube (51) allows rotation of the cutter (33). In a modification, a tubular cutter cuts by shear rather than pressure and rotation.

10. 发明申请

WO1991016659A1 OPTICAL DEVICES AND METHODS OF FABRICATION THEREOF 审中-公开
标题翻译：光学装置及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：WO1991016659A1
公开(公告)日：1991-10-31
申请号：PCT/GB1991000629
申请日：1991-04-22
申请人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION , TOWNSEND, Peter, David , CHANDLER, Peter, John
发明人： NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
IPC分类号： G02F01/37
CPC分类号： G02F1/377
摘要： An optical device for harmonic generation incorporates a coupled waveguide structure including a material having a non-centrosymmetric structure for matching fundamental and harmonic frequencies with low order modes.

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