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1. 发明申请

WO2012085505A1 VIDEO STREAMING OVER DATA NETWORKS 审中-公开
标题翻译：视频流过数据网络
公开(公告)号：WO2012085505A1
公开(公告)日：2012-06-28
申请号：PCT/GB2011/001743
申请日：2011-12-20
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , TURNBULL, Rory Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
发明人： NILSSON, Michael, Erling , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , TURNBULL, Rory Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04N7/26 , H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L65/60 , H04L47/10 , H04L47/38 , H04L47/801 , H04L47/822 , H04L65/10 , H04L65/4084 , H04L65/4092 , H04L65/602 , H04L65/80 , H04N19/115 , H04N19/152 , H04N19/154 , H04N19/177 , H04N19/192 , H04N19/44 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/4621
摘要： A client device receives streamed encoded content data, such as encoded video data, which has been encoded at a constant perceptual quality. Several different versions of the content are available to be streamed to the device, at different perceptual quality levels. In order to decide which quality level to request from a content server at intervals the device calculates the delivery rates that would be required for each level of quality. The delivery rates are calculated in dependence on so-called critical points, which are points at which a piecewise constant bit rate delivery schedule is just equal to the decoding schedule. There are two classes of critical points, being a first class of critical points, referred to herein as "additional critical points", which are points on the decoding schedule where, for any particular other point on the decoding schedule before an additional critical point, and assuming that a minimum threshold amount of data is buffered when delivery occurs from the particular point, a constant bit rate delivery schedule that is calculated for the particular point taking into account the buffered minimum amount of data and of such a rate such that buffer underflow does not occur is substantially equal to the decoding schedule. A second class of critical points, referred to herein as "downstairs critical points", is also defined, which are derived from the decoding schedule as a whole, and which are the points at which a piecewise monotonically decreasing constant bit rate delivery schedule (the so-called "downstairs" schedule), which is calculated such that when delivering the encoded content data from the start buffer underflow does not occur, is substantially equal to the decoding schedule of the encoded content data. When the actual delivery rate received is ahead of the so-called "downstairs" schedule, then the delivery rate required for a particular quality level can be calculated from the second class of critical points. However, when the actual delivery rate received is behind the downstairs schedule, then the delivery rate required is calculated from the first class of critical points.
摘要翻译：客户端设备接收已经以恒定感知质量编码的流编码内容数据，例如编码视频数据。在不同的感知质量水平下，可以将多种不同版本的内容流式传输到设备。为了从内容服务器间隔决定要求哪个质量等级，设备会计算每个质量级别所需的传送速率。递送率根据所谓的临界点计算，所述临界点是分段恒定比特率传送调度恰好等于解码调度的点。有两类临界点，作为关键点的第一类，这里称为“附加关键点”，这些是解码调度的要点，对于在额外临界点之前的解码调度上的任何特定的其他点，并且假设当从特定点发送时缓冲最小阈值量的数据，考虑到所缓冲的最小数据量以及使得缓冲器下溢的特定点计算的恒定比特率传送调度不发生基本上等于解码时间表。还定义了第二类关键点，这里称为“楼下关键点”，它们是从整体上的解码进度得出的，它们是分段单调递减的恒定比特率传送时间表（被计算为所谓的“楼下”时间表），使得当不发生来自起始缓冲器下溢的编码内容数据时，基本上等于编码内容数据的解码调度。当收到的实际交货率超过所谓的“楼下”时间表时，可以从第二类关键点计算特定质量水平所需的交货率。然而，当收到的实际交货率落后于楼下的时间表时，所需的交货率是从第一类关键点计算的。

2. 发明申请

WO2012085504A1 A METHOD FOR DELIVERING VIDEO CONTENT ENCODED AT ONE OR MORE QUALITY LEVELS OVER A DATA NETWORK 审中-公开
标题翻译：一种在数据网络中传送一个或多个质量级别的视频内容的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2012085504A1
公开(公告)日：2012-06-28
申请号：PCT/GB2011/001742
申请日：2011-12-20
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
发明人： NILSSON, Michael, Erling , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04N7/26 , H04L29/06 , H04N21/2343
CPC分类号： H04N21/26208 , H04L47/38 , H04L47/801 , H04L47/822 , H04L65/4084 , H04L65/4092 , H04L65/602 , H04L65/80 , H04N19/146 , H04N19/154 , H04N19/177 , H04N19/18 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/23805 , H04N21/2401 , H04N21/25833 , H04N21/25858 , H04N21/64738 , H04N21/64769
摘要： A client device receives streamed encoded content data, such as encoded video data, which has been encoded at a constant perceptual quality. Several different versions of the content are available to be streamed to the device, at different perceptual quality levels. In order to decide which quality level to request from a content server at intervals the device calculates the delivery rates that would be required for each level of quality. The calculation of the delivery levels is made in dependence on whether the actual delivery rate that has been received so far is greater than or less than a constant bit rate delivery schedule that decreases monotonically but which guarantees to deliver the encoded data in a timely manner such that no buffer underflow and interruption of reproduction takes place. The monotonically decreasing bit rate schedule is defined by one or more "critical points", which are the points at which the bit rates are decreased, and correspond to the points where the delivery schedule is just equal to the decoding schedule of the encoded data. At such points there would be no encoded data in a buffer at the client. If the delivery rate has been greater than the constant bit rate schedule for a quality then the delivery rate required going forward for a particular quality level can be calculated from the critical point information, and no more complicated calculation is required.
摘要翻译：客户端设备接收已经以恒定感知质量编码的流编码内容数据，例如编码视频数据。在不同的感知质量水平下，可以将多种不同版本的内容流式传输到设备。为了从内容服务器间隔决定要求哪个质量等级，设备会计算每个质量级别所需的传送速率。交付水平的计算取决于目前已经收到的实际交货率是否大于或小于单调减少但是保证以及时方式递送编码数据的恒定比特率传送计划没有发生缓冲区下溢和中断再现。单调递减的比特率调度由一个或多个“临界点”定义，其是比特率降低的点，并且对应于传送调度恰好等于编码数据的解码调度的点。在这样的点上，在客户端的缓冲器中将不存在编码数据。如果传送速率大于质量的恒定比特率调度，则可以从临界点信息计算特定质量水平所需的传送速率，并且不需要更复杂的计算。

3. 发明申请

WO2012110764A1 COMPACT CUMULATIVE BIT CURVES 审中-公开
标题翻译：紧凑的累积位曲线
公开(公告)号：WO2012110764A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-23
申请号：PCT/GB2012/000160
申请日：2012-02-16
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
发明人： NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
IPC分类号： H04N7/24
CPC分类号： H04N19/00169 , H04N7/12 , H04N19/146 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/234327 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/2381 , H04N21/44016 , H04N21/44209 , H04N21/6373 , H04N21/8456
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide a compact representation of a cumulative bit curve formed from piecewise straight line approximations between upper and lower bounds about an actual cumulative bit curve (CBC). In one embodiment the lower bounds are found by applying a constraint such that if a delivery rate was to be calculated using the count at the lower bound it would result in a delivery rate which was greater than the delivery rate that would be calculated using the actual CBC data by a particular amount, for example 10 %. The actual CBC data is then used as an upper bound. As a result, the approximated CBC will lie for each GoP between the actual CBC value and the lower bound, with the result that one can be certain that any data rate that is calculated using the approximation will be at least as high as a data rate that is calculated using the actual CBC data. In terms of line- fitting algorithms that are used, several different algorithms may be used of differing complexities, with the intention of trying to minimise the number of end-points required of within the piecewise approximation.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了一种由关于实际累积位曲线（CBC）的上下界之间的分段直线逼近形成的累积位曲线的紧凑表示。在一个实施方案中，通过应用约束来发现下限，使得如果使用下限的计数来计算递送率，则将导致递送率大于使用实际值计算的递送率 CBC数据按特定数量，例如10％。然后将实际的CBC数据用作上限。因此，近似的CBC将适用于实际CBC值和下限之间的每个GoP，结果可以确定使用近似计算的任何数据速率将至少与数据速率一样高这是使用实际的CBC数据计算的。在所使用的线拟合算法方面，可以使用不同复杂度的几种不同的算法，其目的是试图使分段近似中所需的端点的数量最小化。

4. 发明申请

WO2010100427A8 VIDEO STREAMING 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2010100427A8
公开(公告)日：2010-09-10
申请号：PCT/GB2010/000390
申请日：2010-03-04
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , MULROY, Patrick, Joseph , HOARE, Steve
发明人： NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , MULROY, Patrick, Joseph , HOARE, Steve
IPC分类号： H04N7/26 , H04N7/30
摘要： A video sequence to be encoded is divided into a plurality of temporal portions, and analysed to determine (at least for each portion after the first), in accordance with a plurality of encoding quality settings, (i) a quality metric for the portion and (ii) the number of bits generated by encoding the portion at that quality setting. These data are analysed, for example using a Viterbi-like trellis, to choose a set of quality settings, one per portion, that tends to minimise a combined quality cost for the sequence. This the combined quality cost is the sum of individual quality costs each of which is a function of the quality metric of the respective encoded portion. The sequence is encoded using the chosen quality settings. In order to determine each individual quality cost, despite not knowing precisely what network throughput will be available at any given time in the future, one proceeds by estimating receiver buffer fullness and its standard deviation. From said estimates, the probability of buffer underflow and or overflow is obtained, the individual quality costs being a function also of the underflow and/or overflow probability.

5. 发明申请

WO2006082378A1 MOTION ESTIMATOR 审中-公开
标题翻译：运动估计
公开(公告)号：WO2006082378A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-10
申请号：PCT/GB2006/000297
申请日：2006-01-27
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY , NILSSON, Michael, Erling
发明人： NILSSON, Michael, Erling
IPC分类号： H04N7/26 , H04N7/50
CPC分类号： H04N19/567 , H04N19/523 , H04N19/533 , H04N19/61
摘要： An initial estimate (u,v) of a motion vector, e.g. to integer-pixel accuracy, is made (102) and a measure (E) (such as the sum of absolute differences) indicative of the goodness of match obtained using the respective motion vector is generated (103) in respect of the initial estimate motion vector and a plurality of other vectors in the vicinity thereof. The estimate is refined by estimating (108), from these measures, measures (CurrentE) in respect of vectors having intervening values (e.g. sub-integer pixel values), using a process of non-linear interpolation (such as fitting a quadratic surface); the measures are then compared (111) to determine which, of the initial estimate motion vector and the estimated intervening vectors, is superior.
摘要翻译：运动矢量的初始估计（u，v），例如，（102），并且生成表示使用各个运动矢量获得的匹配的良好度的度量（例如绝对差的和）（103）关于初始估计运动（103）向量和其附近的多个其他向量。通过使用非线性插值（例如拟合二次曲面）的处理，通过估计（108）从这些测量，具有中间值的矢量（例如，亚整数像素值）的测量（CurrentE）来估计（108） ; 然后对这些措施进行比较（111），以确定初始估计运动矢量和估计中间矢量中的哪一个是优越的。

6. 发明申请

WO2012042230A1 CONTENT DELIVERY 审中-公开
标题翻译：内容交付
公开(公告)号：WO2012042230A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-05
申请号：PCT/GB2011/001436
申请日：2011-09-30
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY ET AL , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart
发明人： APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L65/607 , H04L65/4084
摘要： A method for providing equitable media streaming between an HTTP server and a number of receivers via shared network. The streaming data is processed to split the data across a number of sub-streams. Each sub-stream contains non-contiguous data. A receiver requesting the streaming media establishes a number of TCP sessions, one for each sub-stream and the received sub-stream data is reassembled at the receiver so that the streaming media can be presented.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过共享网络在HTTP服务器和多个接收器之间提供公平媒体流的方法。流数据被处理以在多个子流中分割数据。每个子流包含不连续的数据。请求流媒体的接收器建立多个TCP会话，每个子流一个，并且接收到的子流数据在接收机重新组合，从而可以呈现流媒体。

7. 发明申请

WO2012028856A1 ADAPTIVE STREAMING OF VIDEO AT DIFFERENT QUALITY LEVELS 审中-公开
标题翻译：在不同质量水平的视频自适应流水线
公开(公告)号：WO2012028856A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-08
申请号：PCT/GB2011/001296
申请日：2011-09-02
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford
发明人： NILSSON, Michael, Erling , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford
IPC分类号： H04N7/24 , H04N21/2343 , H04N21/24 , H04N21/845
CPC分类号： H04N21/23406 , H04N19/503 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/2401 , H04N21/2402 , H04N21/44004 , H04N21/44016 , H04N21/6377 , H04N21/647 , H04N21/845
摘要： The network contains one or more network based video servers connected to one or more video receivers over a shared network. Multiple pieces of video content are each encoded at a number of constant quality levels and stored on one or more of the network based servers. In response to requests from a receiver, video content is selected on a server and delivered over the shared network to the receiver. The system selects the quality level of the stream to deliver based on characteristics of the video stream currently being delivered, and the number of bits already buffered at the video receiver and the available network throughput. The aim is to select the video quality being delivered according to the available network throughput so as maximise the quality while ensuring that all video data is delivered over the network in time for it to be decoded and displayed without interruption. The invention proposes a method for making that selection in advance.
摘要翻译：该网络包含通过共享网络连接到一个或多个视频接收器的一个或多个基于网络的视频服务器。多个视频内容分别以多个恒定质量级别编码并存储在一个或多个基于网络的服务器上。响应于来自接收器的请求，在服务器上选择视频内容并通过共享网络传送到接收器。该系统基于当前正在传递的视频流的特性，以及已经在视频接收器处缓冲的位数以及可用的网络吞吐量来选择要传送的流的质量级别。目的是根据可用的网络吞吐量选择要传送的视频质量，以便最大限度地提高质量，同时确保所有视频数据及时传送到网络上，以便不间断地对其进行解码和显示。本发明提出了一种预先进行选择的方法。

8. 发明申请

WO2010092324A3 CONTROLLING BANDWIDTH SHARE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2010092324A3
公开(公告)日：2010-08-19
申请号：PCT/GB2010/000166
申请日：2010-02-02
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY , TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
发明人： TURNBULL, Rory, Stewart , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , APPLEBY, Stephen, Clifford , CRABTREE, Ian, Barry
IPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L12/56
摘要： There is proposed a modification to the ECN protocol to remove the one-to-one relationship between the network signalling congestion and the sender response to that congestion. The result is to allow a receiver terminal to exhibit some control of bandwidth share relative to other receiver terminals. The idea is to calculate the average CE arrival frequency from received data packets and to set ECE flags at a rate determined as a function of the average CE arrival frequency. Preferably, the function is a multiplier applied to the average CE arrival frequency. The effect of averaging the CE arrival frequency as well as application of a multiplier is a decoupling of the ECE marked ACKs sent by a receiver to the sender, and control of the resulting transmission rate at the sender.

9. 发明申请

WO2007104919A1 VIDEO CODING 审中-公开
标题翻译：视频编码
公开(公告)号：WO2007104919A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-20
申请号：PCT/GB2007/000669
申请日：2007-02-27
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY , MULROY, Patrick, Joseph , NILSSON, Michael, Erling
发明人： MULROY, Patrick, Joseph , NILSSON, Michael, Erling
IPC分类号： H04N7/36
CPC分类号： H04N19/58 , H04N19/132 , H04N19/152 , H04N19/573 , H04N19/895
摘要： A video encoder using inter-frame differential coding has a store (3) for containing a plurality of reference pictures. For each incoming picture it chooses one (or more) of the stored reference pictures to use. Control means (10) select which locally decoded pictures are to be entered into, and removed from, so that the store always contains at least one relatively older picture that lies within a defined time window and at least one relatively younger picture that is more recent than the time window. When it receives an error message from a receiver, it switches the coder from its normal a state (in which it is allowed to choose any picture as predictor) into a state in which it is permitted to choose only a said relatively older picture for prediction. The beginning of the time window is preferably set according to the estimated (or observed) round trip time between the encoder and decoder such that at least one of the relatively older pictures always predated the error message.
摘要翻译：使用帧间差分编码的视频编码器具有用于容纳多个参考图像的存储器（3）。对于每个传入的图片，它选择一个（或多个）存储的参考图片来使用。控制装置（10）选择将哪个局部解码的图像输入并从中移出，使得商店总是包含位于定义的时间窗内的至少一个较老的图片，以及至少一个较新的相对较新的图片比时间窗口。当它从接收器接收到错误消息时，它将编码器从正常的状态（允许选择任何图像作为预测器）切换到允许仅选择所述较旧的图像进行预测的状态。时间窗口的开始优选地根据编码器和解码器之间的估计（或观察到）往返时间来设置，使得相对较旧的照片中的至少一个总是在错误消息之前。

10. 发明申请

WO2003084172A1 DATA STREAMING SYSTEM AND METHOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：数据流系统及方法
公开(公告)号：WO2003084172A1
公开(公告)日：2003-10-09
申请号：PCT/GB2003/001358
申请日：2003-03-27
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY , NILSSON, Michael, Erling , JEBB, Timothy, Ralph
发明人： NILSSON, Michael, Erling , JEBB, Timothy, Ralph
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L65/80 , H04L29/06 , H04L29/06027 , H04L65/607 , H04N19/30 , H04N19/503 , H04N21/23406 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/2402 , H04N21/2662 , H04N21/44004 , H04N21/44016 , H04N21/8455
摘要： A data streaming system and method are described. A server (10) is arranged to stream one of a plurality of encoded data streams to a client (40, 50, 60). Each of the plurality of data streams is an independent representation of a common data source encoded at a different resolution to the other of the plurality of data streams. The server (10) comprises a transmitter (100) and a first buffer (120). The transmitter is arranged to transmit data packets of the encoded data stream to the client (40, 50, 60) via the first buffer (120). The transmitter (100) is arranged to monitor the content of the first buffer (120) and switch to transmit another of the plurality of data streams in the event that predetermined criteria are detected from the first buffer (120).
摘要翻译：描述了数据流系统和方法。服务器（10）被布置为将多个编码数据流中的一个流传送到客户端（40,50,60）。多个数据流中的每一个是以与多个数据流中的另一个不同的分辨率编码的公共数据源的独立表示。服务器（10）包括发射机（100）和第一缓冲器（120）。发射器被布置成经由第一缓冲器（120）将编码数据流的数据分组传送到客户机（40,50,60）。发送器（100）被布置为在从第一缓冲器（120）检测到预定标准的情况下监视第一缓冲器（120）的内容并切换到传送多个数据流中的另一个。

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