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1. 发明申请

WO2021250105A1 CONTENT DELIVERY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2021250105A1
公开(公告)日：2021-12-16
申请号：PCT/EP2021/065488
申请日：2021-06-09
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： TURNBULL, Rory , APPLEBY, Stephen , STEVENS, Timothy
IPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L12/18 , H04L49/201 , H04L65/105 , H04L65/4076 , H04L65/4084 , H04L65/4092 , H04N21/6405 , H04N21/6408
摘要： A method of managing a network for delivering content to a client device, where content segments are delivered to a proxy in a multicast group, before delivery from the proxy to the client device over unicast. The proxy intermittently leaves the multicast group to probe the network by making unicast request for content segments, receiving those segments over unicast from the content server and forwarding those segments onto the client device. This allows the client device to determine the maximum throughput between the content server and the client device via the proxy, and thus the client device can use its adaptive bit rate algorithms to determine if the network can support a switch to a higher bit rate stream, and request a higher bit rate stream accordingly. The higher bit rate stream can be serviced by the proxy joining or establishing a suitable multicast group.

2. 发明申请

WO2016107733A1 IMPROVED MULTICAST TO UNICAST CONVERSION 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进的多媒体到UNICAST转换
公开(公告)号：WO2016107733A1
公开(公告)日：2016-07-07
申请号：PCT/EP2015/079661
申请日：2015-12-14
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： APPLEBY, Stephen , CRABTREE, Ian , STEVENS, Timothy , TURNBULL, Rory , ROPER, Ivan , NILSSON, Michael
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L65/4076 , H04L65/4084 , H04L65/601 , H04L65/605 , H04L65/608
摘要： Examples of the present invention provide a method of converting a multicast stream into unicast segments. In particular, sequence identifiers are generated based on a clock reference field in the transport stream packets that make up the multicast stream. Every time a new sequence identifier is calculated, a new unicast segment is generated and assigned with the new sequence identifier. Transport stream packets are placed into the new segment until a packet is processed that causes a new sequence identifier to be generated, at which point another new segment is generated and packets placed into that segment. In an improved method, random access indicators in the transports stream packets are used to further constrain when a new segment is generated, to ensure that new segments are coincident with a packet having a random access indicator. This improvement makes random access easier back and forth between and within a stream.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例提供了将多播流转换成单播段的方法。特别地，基于构成组播流的传输流分组中的时钟参考字段来生成序列标识符。每次计算新的序列标识符时，都会生成一个新的单播段并分配新的序列标识符。传输流分组被放置到新分段中，直到处理分组，导致生成新的序列标识符，此时生成另一个新分段，并将分组放入该分段。在一种改进的方法中，传输流分组中的随机接入指示符用于进一步限制何时生成新分段，以确保新分段与具有随机接入指示符的分组一致。这种改进使得随机访问在流内和之间更容易地来回。

3. 发明申请

WO2022037972A1 CONTENT DELIVERY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2022037972A1
公开(公告)日：2022-02-24
申请号：PCT/EP2021/071994
申请日：2021-08-06
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： TURNBULL, Rory , STEVENS, Timothy , APPLEBY, Stephen
IPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L29/08
摘要： Described is a method of delivery of content to a client device. In particular, the method can be applied to hybrid unicast/multicast delivery networks, where content is provided by a content server to a root proxy, and that root proxy delivers the content to edge proxies over multicast. However, requests for that content in the form of HTTP GET requests from a client device are received by an edge proxy, which subsequently sends an HTTP HEAD request for header information associated with that content directly to the content server. The content server responds over unicast with a suitable response to the HTTP HEAD request, which is received by the edge proxy. The edge proxy takes the response together with the payload from the content segment received over multicast, to generate a client specific content segment for delivery to the client device over unicast.

4. 发明申请

WO2020173878A1 MULTICAST ASSISTED DELIVERY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2020173878A1
公开(公告)日：2020-09-03
申请号：PCT/EP2020/054777
申请日：2020-02-24
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： STEVENS, Timothy , TURNBULL, Rory , APPLEBY, Stephen
IPC分类号： H04N21/222 , H04N21/266 , H04N21/6405 , H04N21/643 , H04N21/845 , H04L29/06 , H04L29/08
摘要： Described is a method of delivering content over a network using an approach referred to as "Multicast Assisted Unicast Delivery" (MAUD), as a multicast network is used to assist, rather than substituting for, an otherwise unicast path. Content is requested by client devices from a content server over unicast. The responses containing the requested content are separated into two components: a first component containing elements that are specific to individual client devices (for example session specific data), and a second component that is common to all client devices (typically this is the video content being requested). The first component can be delivered over unicast and the second component over multicast. Identifiers are introduced into each of the first and second components to aid recombination of the components to form the original responses. The separation and recombination are handled by suitably configured proxy servers.

5. 发明申请

WO2017001289A1 LOW LATENCY MEDIA STREAMING 审中-公开
标题翻译：低延迟媒体流
公开(公告)号：WO2017001289A1
公开(公告)日：2017-01-05
申请号：PCT/EP2016/064617
申请日：2016-06-23
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： TURNBULL, Rory , RENNISON, Jonathan
IPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04N21/472
CPC分类号： H04L65/608 , H04L65/4084 , H04N21/2187 , H04N21/26258 , H04N21/26283 , H04N21/472 , H04N21/6587 , H04N21/8456
摘要： Examples of the present invention provide a method of reducing the latency in streaming live media by a client from a server. The client uses manifest information to determine the "live edge" of the live media stream, where the live edge is represented by the segment from the media stream corresponding to the current time. The client then uses this to identify the next segment, which is the segment in time that will next become available. The client then starts making repeated polling requests for that next segment until the segment becomes available. As a result, the newest possible segment is obtained by the client as soon as it becomes available, and latency is reduced. Further, when adopted by all clients, the latency variation between clients is also reduced.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例提供了一种从服务器减少客户端在流式传输媒体中的等待时间的方法。客户端使用清单信息来确定实时媒体流的“实时边缘”，其中活动边缘由对应于当前时间的媒体流中的分段表示。然后，客户端使用它来标识下一个段，这是下一个可用时间段。然后，客户端开始对该下一个段进行重复轮询请求，直到段可用。因此，客户端可以尽快获得最新可能的分段，并减少延迟。此外，当被所有客户端采用时，客户端之间的延迟变化也减少。

6. 发明申请

WO2015150737A1 MULTICAST STREAMING 审中-公开
标题翻译：多媒体流
公开(公告)号：WO2015150737A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-08
申请号：PCT/GB2015/050875
申请日：2015-03-24
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： CRABTREE, Ian , NILSSON, Michael , TURNBULL, Rory , APPLEBY, Stephen
IPC分类号： H04N21/2343 , G06F17/30 , H04N21/438 , H04N21/6405 , H04N21/6408 , H04N21/845 , H04W76/00
CPC分类号： H04L65/4076 , G06F17/30159 , H04L65/607 , H04L67/02 , H04L67/42 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/4383 , H04N21/6405 , H04N21/6408 , H04N21/8456 , H04W76/40
摘要： The invention presents a method of providing feedback for receipt of a multicast video stream. The feedback mechanism allows the number of clients receiving over multicast to be determined, which can then be used to manage multicast delivery, including switching decisions between multicast and unicast. Video content is delivered over a multicast stream from a content server to a plurality of client devices. The client devices are each configured to respond at regular intervals whilst receiving the multicast video stream by transmitting an HTTP HEAD request message to the content server. The HTTP HEAD request refers to metadata relating to a manifest file associated with the video stream. The number of client devices receiving the multicast video stream is determined based on the number of HEAD requests received at the content server. The multicast video delivery can then be managed accordingly, and can also take into account the number of unicast clients that are requesting the corresponding unicast stream to the multicast stream.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种提供用于接收多播视频流的反馈的方法。反馈机制允许确定通过多播接收的客户端的数量，然后可以使用该数量来管理多播传递，包括多播和单播之间的切换决策。视频内容通过多播流从内容服务器传递到多个客户端设备。客户端设备被配置为通过向内容服务器发送HTTP HEAD请求消息来定期响应，同时接收多播视频流。 HTTP HEAD请求是指与与视频流相关联的清单文件相关的元数据。基于在内容服务器处接收的HEAD请求的数量来确定接收多播视频流的客户端设备的数量。然后可以相应地管理多播视频传送，并且还可以考虑正在请求对应的单播流到组播流的单播客户端的数量。

7. 发明申请

WO2015150736A1 MULTICAST STREAMING 审中-公开
标题翻译：多媒体流
公开(公告)号：WO2015150736A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-08
申请号：PCT/GB2015/050872
申请日：2015-03-24
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： CRABTREE, Ian , NILSSON,, Michael , TURNBULL, Rory , APPLEBY, Stephen
IPC分类号： H04N21/2343 , G06F17/30 , H04N21/438 , H04N21/6405 , H04N21/6408 , H04N21/845 , H04W76/00
CPC分类号： H04N21/6405 , H04L67/02 , H04L69/16 , H04N21/2187 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/4383 , H04N21/6408 , H04N21/84 , H04N21/8456
摘要： The invention presents a method of generating a multicast stream for transporting video content such as live TV. First, the video content is encoded, and segmented into temporal chunks. Each chunk is then encapsulated in one or more RTP packets, depending on the size of the chunk, and each RTP packet is marked with a chunk marker to indicate which of the packets the boundaries between chunks lie. The multicast stream is then generated by encapsulating the RTP packets, preferably using UDP in IP packets. The chunk marker is provided for by a special field in the RTP payload header. The chunk marker can be a chunk index or a chunk offset. Both, individually and in combination, can be used to determine the boundary between chunks.
摘要翻译：本发明提出了一种生成用于传送诸如直播TV的视频内容的多播流的方法。首先，对视频内容进行编码，并将其分割成时间块。然后根据块的大小，将每个块封装在一个或多个RTP分组中，并且每个RTP分组用块标记来标记，以指示组块之间的边界中的哪个分组。然后通过封装RTP分组来生成多播流，优选地在IP分组中使用UDP。块标记由RTP有效负载报头中的特殊字段提供。块标记可以是块索引或块偏移。两者可以单独地和组合地用于确定块之间的边界。

8. 发明申请

WO2022207310A1 CONTENT DELIVERY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2022207310A1
公开(公告)日：2022-10-06
申请号：PCT/EP2022/056705
申请日：2022-03-15
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： NILSSON, Michael , STEVENS, Timothy , APPLEBY, Stephen , TURNBULL, Rory
IPC分类号： H04L65/612 , H04L65/611
摘要： A method of managing content delivery to a client device by a proxy, where the content is made up of a sequence of segments. The proxy starts off by receiving content requests from the client device over unicast, and fulfilling those requests by forwarding them to a content server, and receiving that content before forwarding onto the client device. At some stage, the proxy determines that a multicast channel should be joined to more efficiently receive the required content. However, the multicast channel is likely to be ahead of the available unicast data. Therefore, a multicast join command is delayed until the proxy has taken steps to obtain subsequent content by unicast faster than that content is being requested by the client device, so that the obtained content has caught up with the content available on the multicast channel. The proxy stores this content and uses it to respond to requests from the client device. Only then does the proxy take action to join the multicast channel.

9. 发明申请

WO2022128548A1 CONTENT DELIVERY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2022128548A1
公开(公告)日：2022-06-23
申请号：PCT/EP2021/084263
申请日：2021-12-03
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： TURNBULL, Rory , STEVENS, Timothy , APPLEBY, Stephen
IPC分类号： H04L65/60 , H04L65/40 , H04L65/10
摘要： A method of managing a network for delivering content to a client device, where content segments are delivered over multicast to a proxy. The received segments are stored at the proxy, before delivery of those segments is made from the proxy to the client device over unicast. Whilst the proxy receives further segments over multicast, it probes the network by making unicast requests for data (dummy data or additional content segments), and receiving those segments over unicast from the content server. The multicast rate reception rate and the unicast (probe) rate are measured and a maximum network throughput is calculated as the sum of these two rates. Subsequent segments are then delivered from the proxy to the client device at the calculated maximum network throughput rate, or at some rate dependent thereon. Thus, the client device will receive segments at a rate that is more indicative of the actual maximum network throughput, so can better use its adaptive bit rate algorithms to determine whether a switch to higher bit rate segments is appropriate.

10. 发明申请

WO2021063594A1 CONTENT DELIVERY – SETTING THE UNICAST RATE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2021063594A1
公开(公告)日：2021-04-08
申请号：PCT/EP2020/073238
申请日：2020-08-19
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： TURNBULL, Rory , STEVENS, Timothy , APPLEBY, Stephen
IPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04N21/2343 , H04N21/6405 , H04N21/643 , H04N21/845
摘要： Described is a method of managing a network for delivering content in a hybrid unicast/multicast network, where content is requested by clients over unicast, but all or some of the content is delivered in part over multicast. Typically, a client requests content (in the form of segments) via a first proxy. The segments are delivered to the first proxy over multicast from a second proxy, before onward transmission to the requesting client over unicast. The segments are also cached at the first proxy, and can be transmitted over unicast to other clients requesting those segments. However, problems can arise if cached segments are transmitted to clients too quickly. In one solution, the first proxy measures the multicast rate of delivery of segments from the second proxy over multicast, and limits the transmission rate of those segments over unicast to requesting clients to no greater than the measured multicast delivery rate.

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