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    • 8. 发明申请
    • PHOTOEMISSIVE ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY IN AMBIENT AIR
    • 环境空气中的离子电离光谱
    • WO2007014019A2
    • 2007-02-01
    • PCT/US2006/028339
    • 2006-07-20
    • NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITYSWENSON, Orven, F.HONG, Feng
    • SWENSON, Orven, F.HONG, Feng
    • B66F3/00
    • H01J49/08G01N27/622
    • A photoemissive ion mobility spectrometer is disclosed for of chlorinated hydrocarbons and nitro-organic materials. Backside illumination of a thin gold film by pulsed laser radiation, pulsed ultraviolet xenon flashlamp, or like UV source, is used to produce bursts of low energy photo-emitted electrons. These swarms of thermalized electrons are directly attached by electronegative analytes or by reactant molecules, followed by charge transfer to the more electronegative analyte. Total internal reflection is incorporated for the backside illumination using optical elements such as a fused silica prism. The spectrometer allows for the direct vaporization of adsorbed explosive molecules from surfaces followed by direct injection into the photoemissive ion mobility spectrometer through a heated inlet.
    • 公开了用于氯化烃和硝基 - 有机材料的光发射离子迁移谱仪。 通过脉冲激光辐射,脉冲紫外氙闪光灯或类似的紫外光源对薄金膜的背面照明被用于产生低能量光发射电子的脉冲。 这些热电子的这些群体通过电负性分析物或反应物分子直接附着,随后电荷转移到更多的电负性分析物上。 使用诸如熔融二氧化硅棱镜之类的光学元件将内部反射整合到背面照明中。 光谱仪允许从表面直接蒸发吸附的炸药分子,然后通过加热入口直接注入到光发射离子迁移谱仪中。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DATA MINING OF VERY LARGE SPATIAL DATASETS USING VERTICAL SET INNER PRODUCTS
    • 使用垂直集内部产品对非常大的空间数据进行数据采集的方法和系统
    • WO2006055894A2
    • 2006-05-26
    • PCT/US2005/042101
    • 2005-11-17
    • NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITYPERRIZO, William, K.ABIDIN, Taufik, FuadiPERERA, Amal, ShehanSERAZI, Md., Masum
    • PERRIZO, William, K.ABIDIN, Taufik, FuadiPERERA, Amal, ShehanSERAZI, Md., Masum
    • G06F17/30592G06K9/6221G06K9/6284
    • A system and method for performing and accelerating cluster analysis of large data sets is presented. The data set is formatted into binary bit Sequential (bSQ) format an d then structured into a Peano Count tree (P-tree) format which represents a lossless tree representation of the original data. A P-tree algebra is defined and used to formulate a vertical set inner product (VSIP) technique that can be used to efficiently and scalably measure the mean value and total variation of a set about a fixed point in the large dataset. The set can be any projected subspace of any vector space, including oblique sub spaces. The VSIPs are used to determine the closeness of a point to a set of points in the large dataset making the VSIPs very useful in classification, clustering and outlier detection. One advantage is that the number of centroids (k) need not be pre-specified but are effectively determined. The high quality of the centroids makes them useful in partitioning clustering methods such as the k-means and the k-medoids clustering. The present invention also identifies the outliers.
    • 介绍了一种用于执行和加速大数据集群分析的系统和方法。 数据集被格式化为二进制位顺序(bSQ)格式,然后将其构造为表示原始数据的无损树表示的Peano Count树(P-tree)格式。 P树代数被定义并用于制定垂直集内积(VSIP)技术,可用于有效和可扩展地测量大数据集中关于固定点的集合的平均值和总变化。 该集合可以是任何向量空间的任何投影子空间,包括倾斜子空间。 VSIP用于确定大数据集中点到一组点的接近程度,使得VSIP在分类,聚类和异常值检测中非常有用。 一个优点是质心数(k)不需要预先指定,而是有效地确定。 质心的高质量使得它们在分割聚类方法(如k-means和k-medoids聚类)方面非常有用。 本发明还识别异常值。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • OPTIMAL SIGNED-DIGIT RECODING FOR ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHY
    • 用于ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHY的最佳签名数字记录
    • WO2005114802A2
    • 2005-12-01
    • PCT/US2005/011235
    • 2005-04-04
    • NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITYKATTI, RajendraRUAN, Xiaoyu
    • KATTI, RajendraRUAN, Xiaoyu
    • H01S3/14
    • G06F7/5332G06F7/725
    • An apparatus and method is described of reducing joint weight for integers involved in a scalar multiplication, such as during cryptography. By way of example, the method is utilized within elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), wherein reducing joint weight speeds the execution of the scalar multiplication and reduces memory overhead. Generally, the recoding technique of the present invention involves generating a binary signed-digit representation for the two or more non-negative integers and then replacing groups of the binary signed-digits from left to right according to a predetermined pattern in order to reduce joint weight. The recoding process of the present invention is performed in a left-to-right order which is compatible with the order of the scalar multiplication. The present method reduces the amount of memory required for performing cryptography and allows it to be implemented in hardware or any desired combination of hardware and software.
    • 描述了一种减少用于标量乘法中的整数的联合权重的装置和方法,例如在加密过程中。 作为示例,该方法在椭圆曲线密码学(ECC)中使用,其中减少联合权重加速标量乘法的执行并减少存储器开销。 通常,本发明的编码技术涉及为两个或更多个非负整数生成二进制有符号数字表示,然后根据预定模式从左到右替换二进制有符号数组,以减少接合 重量。 本发明的重新编码处理以与标量乘法的顺序兼容的从左到右的顺序进行。 本方法减少了执行密码学所需的存储器量,并允许其以硬件或硬件和软件的任何期望的组合来实现。