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    • 1. 发明申请
    • MULTIPLEXED OPTICAL FIBER WEAR SENSOR
    • 多光纤光纤磨损传感器
    • WO2012109183A1
    • 2012-08-16
    • PCT/US2012/024064
    • 2012-02-07
    • SIEMENS ENERGY, INC.JOHNSTON, Robert T.
    • JOHNSTON, Robert T.
    • G01M11/08G01M5/00F01D17/02G01N3/56
    • G01M5/0033F01D21/003G01M5/0091G01M11/086Y02T50/67
    • An optical fiber wear detector that includes one or more FBG sensors positioned within the fiber that are operable to reflect a defined wavelength of an optical input beam. The wear detector includes a light source for generating the optical input beam that propagates down the optical fiber and interacts with the FBG sensor. The wavelength of the optical beam that is reflected by the FBG sensor is detected, where loss of the reflected signal indicates that the fiber before the FBG sensor or the FBG sensor itself is damaged, which would most likely be an indication of wear on the component. The depth of wear can be determined by providing multiple FBG sensors in a single optical fiber and/or providing multiple optical fibers with one or more FBG sensors.
    • 一种光纤磨损检测器,其包括位于光纤内的一个或多个FBG传感器,其可操作以反射光输入光束的限定波长。 磨损检测器包括用于产生沿着光纤向下传播并与FBG传感器相互作用的光输入束的光源。 检测由FBG传感器反射的光束的波长,其中反射信号的损失表示FBG传感器或FBG传感器本身之前的光纤被损坏,这很可能是部件上的磨损指示 。 可以通过在单个光纤中提供多个FBG传感器和/或向多个光纤提供一个或多个FBG传感器来确定磨损深度。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • COMBUSTION TURBINE FLASHBACK SENSING SYSTEM EMPLOYING FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSORS
    • 燃烧式涡轮机闪光传感系统采用光纤布拉格光栅传感器
    • WO2014039256A1
    • 2014-03-13
    • PCT/US2013/055906
    • 2013-08-21
    • SIEMENS ENERGY, INC.JOHNSTON, Robert T.
    • JOHNSTON, Robert T.
    • F02C7/32F02C7/00F02K3/00
    • G01K11/3206G01K13/02G01K2013/024G01K2205/00
    • A combustion turbine flashback sensing system with a sensor cable that includes an optical fiber having at least one and preferably multiple fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensors along the fiber. The sensor cable is oriented in a combustor turbine upstream a combustion zone, so that it is capable of sensing temperature at multiple sensing points within the combustor. A protective conduit having a first thermal conductivity circumscribes the optical fiber. A sensor shield is oriented in circumferential proximity to the FBG temperature sensor. It is preferable that each such sensor has an associated sensor shield. The sensor shield has a thermal conductivity greater than the conduit thermal conductivity. The sensor shield facilitates FBG sensor rapid thermal response, with sufficient thermal and mechanical shielding to isolate the sensor from harsh operating conditions within the combustor, while the less thermally conductive conduit provides greater isolation protection for the cable structure
    • 一种具有传感器电缆的燃烧涡轮回流感测系统,其包括沿着光纤具有至少一个并且优选多个光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)温度传感器的光纤。 传感器电缆在燃烧器涡轮机的上游定向在燃烧区域的上游,从而能够感测燃烧器内多个感测点处的温度。 具有第一导热性的保护导管围绕光纤。 传感器护罩定向成周向接近FBG温度传感器。 优选地,每个这样的传感器具有相关联的传感器屏蔽。 传感器护罩的导热系数大于导管的导热系数。 传感器屏蔽有助于FBG传感器的快速热响应,具有足够的热和机械屏蔽功能,可将传感器与燃烧室内的恶劣操作条件隔离,同时导热管道较少,为电缆结构提供更大的隔离保护
    • 6. 发明申请
    • PROCESS FOR STABILIZING ETHYLENE POLYMERS DURING HIGH TEMPERATURE MELT PROCESSING OPERATIONS
    • 在高温熔融加工操作期间稳定乙烯聚合物的方法
    • WO1996020974A1
    • 1996-07-11
    • PCT/US1995013826
    • 1995-10-26
    • THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANYHO, Thoi, H.JOHNSTON, Robert, T.MORRISON, Evelyn, J.
    • THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
    • C08K03/08
    • C08L23/04C08K5/0091C08K5/098
    • Ethylene polymers, such as linear low density polyethylene, with or without pendent polar functionality, are stabilized against changes in viscosity due to crosslinking during high temperature (e.g. in excess of 175 DEG C) melt processing operations by adding to the polymer, either prior to or during the operation, a viscosity-stabilizing amount of a transition metal, e.g. copper metal or a copper salt such as copper stearate, optionally in combination with one or both of a controlled metal deactivator, e.g. an oxamide or a hydrazine, and an antioxidant, e.g. a hindered phenol or an aryl amine. Certain transition metals other than copper are preferred melt viscosity stabilizers when aluminum compounds, such as hydrotalcite acid neutralizer, is present. Ethylene polymers are also stabilized by adding unhindered phenols, particularly when yellowing is a problem. Recycling of polyolefins can be improved by adding a viscosity-stabilizing amount of a transition metal, optionally in combination with a controlled metal deactivator and/or antioxidant, to the recycled polyolefin stream either before or during melt processing.
    • 具有或不具有侧向极性官能团的乙烯聚合物,例如线性低密度聚乙烯,通过在高温(例如超过175℃)熔融加工操作中的交联而稳定,因为通过在聚合物之前加入 或在操作期间,过渡金属的粘度稳定量,例如 铜金属或铜盐如硬脂酸铜,任选与一种或两种受控金属钝化剂组合。 草酰胺或肼,和抗氧化剂,例如。 受阻酚或芳基胺。 当存在铝化合物(例如水滑石酸中和剂)时,某些除铜之外的过渡金属是优选的熔融粘度稳定剂。 乙烯聚合物也通过添加无阻酚来稳定,特别是当发黄变成问题时。 聚烯烃的回收可以通过在熔融加工之前或期间加入粘度稳定量的过渡金属,任选地与受控的金属钝化剂和/或抗氧化剂组合,再循环的聚烯烃流。
    • 7. 发明申请
    • MULTIPLEXED OPTICAL FIBER CRACK SENSOR
    • 多光纤光纤传感器
    • WO2012109416A1
    • 2012-08-16
    • PCT/US2012/024429
    • 2012-02-09
    • SIEMENS ENERGY, INC.JOHNSTON, Robert T.
    • JOHNSTON, Robert T.
    • G01M11/08G01M5/00F01D17/02G01N3/56
    • G01N21/00F01D17/02F01D21/003F05D2270/804G01B11/16G01M5/0033G01M5/0091G01M11/086
    • An optical fiber crack detector that includes a plurality of FBG sensors positioned within one or more fibers that are operable to reflect a defined wavelength of an optical input beam. The crack detector includes a light source for generating the optical input beam that propagates down the optical fiber and interacts with the FBG sensors. A wavelength of the optical beam that is reflected by the FBG sensors is detected, and if a crack in the component damages the fiber between an FBG sensor and the detector circuit, where one or more of the reflected signals are not received, the detector knows that a crack has occurred. By strategically placing a plurality of the FBG sensors along the fiber, a crack that damages the fiber in multiple locations between multiple FBG sensors, or in multiple fibers, can provide an indication of the length of the crack
    • 一种光纤裂纹检测器,其包括定位在一个或多个光纤内的多个FBG传感器,其可操作以反射光输入光束的限定波长。 裂纹检测器包括用于产生沿着光纤向下传播并与FBG传感器相互作用的光输入光束的光源。 检测由FBG传感器反射的光束的波长,并且如果组件中的裂纹损坏FBG传感器和检测器电路之间的光纤,其中一个或多个反射信号未被接收,则检测器知道 发生了裂缝。 通过沿着光纤策略地放置多个FBG传感器,在多个FBG传感器之间或多个光纤中的多个位置损坏光纤的裂纹可提供裂纹长度的指示