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21. 发明申请

WO1998029455A1 PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A STARCH ESTER 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备淀粉酶的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1998029455A1
公开(公告)日：1998-07-09
申请号：PCT/FI1997000838
申请日：1997-12-31
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , LAMMERS, Geert , TIITOLA, Pertti , VUORENPÄÄ, Jani
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： C08B31/04
CPC分类号： C08B31/04
摘要： Process for the preparation of a starch ester, in particular a starch acetate, wherein a starch-based feedstock is reacted with an organic carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction of the starch-based feedstock and the anhydride is performed at an excess pressure of about 0.1 to 50 bar in an essentially anhydrous medium containing 10 % by weight of water at the most. As catalyst, sodium acetate, sodium hydroxide or sulphuric acid is used, and as the reaction medium, acetic acid or excess acetanhydride is used. By means of the invention, the duration of the esterification reaction can be significantly shortened, the separation of the product can be facilitated, and the recirculation of the waste solutions can be rendered more efficient.
摘要翻译：用于制备淀粉酯，特别是淀粉乙酸酯的方法，其中淀粉基原料与催化剂存在下与有机羧酸酐反应。基于淀粉的原料和酸酐的反应在约0.1至50巴的过量压力下，在最多含有10重量％水的基本上无水的介质中进行。作为催化剂，使用乙酸钠，氢氧化钠或硫酸，作为反应介质，使用乙酸或过量的乙酸酐。通过本发明，可以显着缩短酯化反应的持续时间，可以促进产物的分离，并且可以使废液的再循环更有效率。

22. 发明申请

WO1996015077A1 PROCESS FOR PREPARING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING CELLULOSE-BASED FIBRES 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备含有纤维素基纤维的组合物的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1996015077A1
公开(公告)日：1996-05-23
申请号：PCT/FI1995000624
申请日：1995-11-13
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , VIITANIEMI, Pertti , JÄMSÄ, Saila , EK, Pentti , RIIPOLA, Kirsti
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： C04B18/24
CPC分类号： C08L97/02 , C04B18/24 , Y02W30/97 , C04B20/04
摘要： The invention concerns a process for preparing compositions containing cellulose-based materials, according to which process a finely-divided cellulose-based material is mixed with an aggregate. According to the invention, the cellulose-based substance, such as wood or cellulose fibres, is first heated at a temperature of 150 to 300 DEG C before it is mixed with the aggregate. As a result of the heat treatment, the material becomes less hygroscopic, which makes it easier to mix with other substances. Furthermore, the mono- and polysaccharides and extractives contained in wood are partly decomposed and removed during the heat treatment. The wood or cellulose product thus obtained is particularly useful as a filler of concrete, asphalt and plastics, and, e.g., incorporated into a concrete mix, it does not impair the hardening of the mix.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制备含有纤维素基材料的组合物的方法，根据该方法，将细碎的纤维素基材料与骨料混合。根据本发明，纤维素类物质如木材或纤维素纤维首先在150至300℃的温度下加热，然后与骨料混合。作为热处理的结果，材料变得吸湿性差，这使其更容易与其它物质混合。此外，木材中含有的单糖和多糖和提取物在热处理期间被部分分解和除去。如此获得的木材或纤维素产品特别可用作混凝土，沥青和塑料的填料，并且例如并入混凝土混合物中，它不损害混合物的硬化。

23. 发明申请

WO1995031680A1 METHOD FOR PROCESSING WOOD AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES 审中-公开
标题翻译：在高温下加工木材的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1995031680A1
公开(公告)日：1995-11-23
申请号：PCT/FI1995000252
申请日：1995-05-11
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , VIITANIEMI, Pertti , RANTA-MAUNUS, Alpo , JÄMSÄ, Saila , EK, Pentti
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： F26B21/10
CPC分类号： F26B3/02 , F26B2210/16
摘要： The invention relates to a method for processing wood at an elevated temperature. According to the method, the temperature of the wood is raised to a value at least exceeding 100 DEG C, whereby the temperature of the internal part of the wood and the temperature at the external surface of the wood, respectively, is measured during the treatment, and in raising the temperature, the difference between the internal and external temperatures of the wood is kept at least essentially constant at 10 to 30 DEG C. The treatment is preferably carried out in the presence of vapour. The invention can be used to effectively prevent the generation of internal cracks and the method can be applied for, e.g., rapid seasoning of wood as well as for modifying thermal processing of wood.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种在升高的温度下处理木材的方法。根据该方法，将木材的温度升高至至少超过100℃，由此在处理期间测量木材内部部分的温度和木材外表面的温度。，并且在升高温度时，木材的内部和外部温度之间的差异在10至30℃保持至少基本恒定。处理优选在蒸气存在下进行。本发明可用于有效地防止内部裂纹的产生，并且该方法可以用于例如木材的快速调味以及用于改变木材的热加工。

24. 发明申请

WO1995023181A1 MICROPOROUS CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME 审中-公开
标题翻译：微生物纤维素衍生物及其生产方法
公开(公告)号：WO1995023181A1
公开(公告)日：1995-08-31
申请号：PCT/FI1995000090
申请日：1995-02-22
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , AALTONEN, Olli , QVINTUS-LEINO, Pia
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： C08J09/12
CPC分类号： C08J9/18 , B01J20/24 , C08J9/122 , C08J2203/06 , C08J2301/08
摘要： A cellulose derivative, for example in the form of film, fibers or particles, is brought to contact with carbon dioxide, preferably at 100 to 400 bar pressure and 50 to 100 DEG C temperature. Carbon dioxide can contain a small amount of additives, such as alcohols. Cellulose derivative swells by the effect of pressurized carbon dioxide. After a certain swelling period the pressure of carbon dioxide is very rapidly reduced causing the cellulose derivative to foam. Depending on the chosen conditions one obtains microporous cellulose derivative material with an average pore size from 0.5 to 50 micrometers. The micropores can be open or closed and their distribution in the foamed material can be adjusted as preferred by changing treatment conditions. Microporous cellulose derivatives can be used for example as support materials for catalysts, enzymes or selective antibodies in immunochromatography. Other applications include ultra light structure materials and microfilters.
摘要翻译：纤维素衍生物，例如以薄膜，纤维或颗粒的形式与二氧化碳接触，优选在100至400巴压力和50至100℃的温度下。二氧化碳可以含有少量的添加剂，如醇。纤维素衍生物通过加压二氧化碳的作用而膨胀。在一定的膨胀时间后，二氧化碳的压力非常迅速地降低，导致纤维素衍生物发泡。根据所选择的条件，得到平均孔径为0.5至50微米的微孔纤维素衍生物材料。可以打开或关闭微孔，并且可以通过改变处理条件来优化它们在泡沫材料中的分布。微孔纤维素衍生物可用于例如免疫色谱法中催化剂，酶或选择性抗体的载体材料。其他应用包括超轻型结构材料和微型过滤器。

25. 发明申请

WO1994020666A1 PROCESS FOR PREPARING MECHANICAL PULP 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备机械粉末的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1994020666A1
公开(公告)日：1994-09-15
申请号：PCT/FI1994000078
申请日：1994-03-03
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , PERE, Jaakko , SIIKA-AHO, Matti , VIIKARI, Liisa
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： D21B01/02
CPC分类号： D21C5/005 , D21B1/021
摘要： The invention concerns an enzymatic process for pretreatment of wood raw-material which makes it possible to reduce the specific energy consumption of mechanical pulping and to improve the technical properties of the fibres. Cellobiohydrolase enzymes isolated from, e.g., the fungus Trichoderma reesei or other organisms or structural parts of these enzymes are used for the treatment.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于预处理木材原料的酶法，其可以降低机械制浆的比能量消耗并提高纤维的技术性能。从例如真菌里氏木霉或其他生物体或这些酶的结构部分分离的纤维二糖水解酶用于治疗。

26. 发明申请

WO1993025324A1 A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING LOW BARK CONTENT WOOD CHIPS FROM WHOLE-TREE CHIPS 审中-公开
标题翻译：一种从全树木制造低含量木材切片的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1993025324A1
公开(公告)日：1993-12-23
申请号：PCT/FI1993000247
申请日：1993-06-08
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , SEPPÄNEN, Veli , EDELMANN, Kari
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： B07B15/00
CPC分类号： D21B1/023 , B07B9/00 , B07B15/00 , B07C5/342 , B07C5/365
摘要： The object of the invention is a method for manufacturing low bark content wood chips from whole-tree chips, in which method there are two or more sequential separation stages, which can be divided into pre-separation with a bark content of less than 10 % and final cleaning, and in which the pre-separation consists of at least pneumatic separation and the final cleaning includes sorting based on colour difference. According to the invention, before pneumatic separation the bark is removed from the chips by grinding, which simultaneously reduces the particle size of the bark.
摘要翻译：本发明的目的是从全树切片制造低皮含量的木片的方法，其中有两个或更多个顺序分离阶段，其可以分为预分离，树皮含量小于10％和最终清洁，其中预分离至少包括气动分离，最终清洁包括基于色差的分类。根据本发明，在气动分离之前，通过研磨将树皮从芯片上除去，同时降低树皮的粒径。

27. 发明申请

WO1993011296A1 METHOD AND ENZYMATIC PREPARATION FOR TREATMENT OF CELLULOSE PULPS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于处理纤维素浆的方法和酶促制备
公开(公告)号：WO1993011296A1
公开(公告)日：1993-06-10
申请号：PCT/FI1992000332
申请日：1992-12-07
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , BUCHERT, Johanna , SIIKA-AHO, Matti , RÄTTÖ, Marjaana , VIIKARI, Liisa , BAILEY, Michael
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： D21C09/10
CPC分类号： C12Y302/01139 , C12N9/2402 , D21C5/005
摘要： The present invention concerns a method for enzymatic treatment of lignocellulosic materials, in particular cellulose pulps. According to a method of the present kind, the material is contacted with an enzyme preparation having an essential glucuronidase activity in order to remove metal ions from the pulp, to change the surface charge thereof and to render the material more suitable for enzymatic treatment.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于酶处理木质纤维素材料，特别是纤维素纸浆的方法。根据本发明的方法，将材料与具有基本葡萄糖醛酸酶活性的酶制剂接触以从纸浆中除去金属离子，以改变其表面电荷并使材料更适合于酶处理。

28. 发明申请

WO1993010974A1 WOOD-BASED LAMINATE 审中-公开
标题翻译：木质层压板
公开(公告)号：WO1993010974A1
公开(公告)日：1993-06-10
申请号：PCT/FI1992000321
申请日：1992-11-27
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , EPSTEIN, Mikael
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： B32B21/14
CPC分类号： B32B21/13 , B27D1/04 , B32B5/022 , B32B5/024 , B32B5/06 , B32B7/08 , B32B9/025 , B32B9/047 , B32B21/10 , B32B21/14 , B32B2317/16
摘要： In a wood-based laminate, on top of a block of original wood is laminated one or a plurality of second layers. The lamination is effected mechanically by needle punching in a manner that portions of a second layer (1), such as wood fibers (2), grains or other fibers, have been directed in a manner that portions of the second layer extend into the interior of wood block (1) for fixing the second layer on top of the wood block.
摘要翻译：在木质层压板中，在一块或多层第二层上堆叠一块原木。通过针刺以机械方式进行层压，使得第二层（1）的诸如木纤维（2），颗粒或其它纤维的部分已经以第二层的部分延伸到内部的方式被引导的木块（1），用于将第二层固定在木块的顶部。

29. 发明申请

WO1993007332A1 METHOD FOR ENZYMATIC TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR CELLULOSE PULPS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于特殊纤维素粉末的细菌性物质的酶处理方法
公开(公告)号：WO1993007332A1
公开(公告)日：1993-04-15
申请号：PCT/FI1992000272
申请日：1992-10-12
申请人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , BUCHERT, Johanna , VIIKARI, Liisa
发明人： VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： D21C09/10
CPC分类号： D21C5/005 , D21C9/001
摘要： The present invention concerns a method for enzymatic treatment of lignocellulosic materials, in particular cellulose pulps. According to a method of this kind, the material is contacted with an enzyme preparation having hemicellulase, cellulase and/or ligninase activity in order to hydrolyse the hemicelluloses, cellulose and/or lignin thereof. According to the invention, the counter-ions of the carboxylic groups of the lignocellulosic material are modified before the enzymatic treatment in order to render the material more suitable for enzymatic treatment. By changing the nature of the counter-ions of the carboxylic acids or by changing their degree or dissociation, it is possible to adjust the enzymatic action on the lignocellulosic material of the enzymes employed. At the same time, it is possible to select which part of the fibres is subjected to the enzymatic action.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于酶处理木质纤维素材料，特别是纤维素纸浆的方法。根据这种方法，材料与具有半纤维素酶，纤维素酶和/或木质素酶活性的酶制剂接触，以水解其半纤维素，纤维素和/或木质素。根据本发明，在酶处理之前修饰木质纤维素材料的羧基的抗衡离子，以使材料更适合于酶处理。通过改变羧酸的反离子的性质或通过改变它们的程度或解离，可以调节所用酶的木质纤维素材料的酶作用。同时，可以选择纤维的哪一部分进行酶促作用。

30. 发明申请

WO1992021093A1 FILTER FOR DILATION AND EROSION OF IMAGES 审中-公开
标题翻译：过滤和图像的渗透
公开(公告)号：WO1992021093A1
公开(公告)日：1992-11-26
申请号：PCT/FI1992000147
申请日：1992-05-08
申请人： RAUTARUUKKI OY , VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS , SARKKINEN, Timo , PIIRONEN, Timo , TIENSYRJÄ, Kari
发明人： RAUTARUUKKI OY , VALTION TEKNILLINEN TUTKIMUSKESKUS
IPC分类号： G06F15/68
CPC分类号： G06T5/30
摘要： The invention relates to a filter for applying dilation and/or erosion operations of mathematical morphology to a W x H local neighbourhood, the width of which is W and the height H, of a two-dimensional matrix formed by discrete values, the width of which matric is x and the height y. In order to provide an operation in real time by means of a very simple structure, the filter comprises a horizontal portion for applying a dilation/erosion operation to a W x 1 local neighbourhood made to slide over the matrix and a vertical portion for applying a dilation/erosion operation to a 1 x H local neighbourhood made to slide over the matrix, whereby the portions are connected one after another, the output (MINW, MINH) of one portion being connected to the input (IH, IV) of the other portion.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于将数学形态的扩张和/或侵蚀操作应用于W x H局部邻域的滤波器，其宽度为W和由离散值形成的二维矩阵的高度H，宽度哪个矩阵是x和高度y。为了通过非常简单的结构实时提供操作，滤波器包括用于对W×1局部邻域进行扩张/侵蚀操作的水平部分，该区域在矩阵上滑动，垂直部分用于施加对1×H局部邻域进行扩张/侵蚀操作，使其在矩阵上滑动，由此这些部分依次连接，一部分的输出（MINW，MINH）连接到另一个的输入端（IH，IV）一部分。

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