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21. 发明申请

WO2014022371A1 ULTRA-HIGH EFFICIENCY ALCOHOL ENGINES USING OPTIMIZED EXHAUST HEAT RECOVERY 审中-公开
标题翻译：超高效酒精发动机采用优化排气热回收
公开(公告)号：WO2014022371A1
公开(公告)日：2014-02-06
申请号：PCT/US2013/052691
申请日：2013-07-30
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
发明人： BROMBERG, Leslie , COHN, Daniel, R.
IPC分类号： F02M25/12 , F02D41/00 , F01N5/02
CPC分类号： F02M25/00 , F01K23/065 , F01N5/02 , F02D19/0644 , F02D19/0655 , F02D19/0671 , F02D41/0025 , F02D41/0027 , F02M21/0209 , F02M25/12 , Y02T10/16 , Y02T10/36
摘要： Engine system using alcohol Rankine heat recovery where the engine heat converts alcohol into hydrogen-rich gas which is then introduced into the engine cylinders. The engine system includes a source of liquid alcohol along with an internal combustion engine generating a high-temperature exhaust. Structure is provided for introducing a first portion of the liquid alcohol into the engine and a series of heat exchangers forming a Rankine heat recovery cycle is provided to extract heat from the exhaust and transferring the heat to a second portion of the liquid alcohol, causing it to change phase to a gaseous alcohol. A heat exchanger/catalyst is heated by the exhaust to reform the gaseous alcohol into a hydrogen-rich reformate. Valve structure rapidly introduces the re form ate into the engine for combustion and a control system is provided for controlling the ratio of the first and second portions of the liquid alcohol to maximize the amount of the second portion of the liquid alcohol while using a minimum amount of the first portion needed to prevent knock. The heat recovery system uses metallic foams on fins heat exchangers.
摘要翻译：发动机系统使用酒精兰金热回收，其中发动机将酒精转化为富氢气体，然后将其引入发动机气缸。发动机系统包括液态醇源以及产生高温排气的内燃机。提供了用于将液体醇的第一部分引入发动机的结构，并且提供形成兰金热回收循环的一系列热交换器以从排气中提取热量并将热量传递到液态酒精的第二部分，从而使其将相变为气态酒精。热交换器/催化剂被排气加热以将气态醇重整成富氢重整产物。阀结构迅速将燃料引入发动机用于燃烧，并且提供控制系统以控制液体醇的第一和第二部分的比例，以使液体醇的第二部分的量最大化，同时使用最小量的第一部分需要防止爆震。热回收系统在翅片热交换器上使用金属泡沫。

22. 发明申请

WO2003102397A1 LOW CURRENT PLASMATRON FUEL CONVERTER HAVING ENLARGED VOLUME DISCHARGES 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有放大容量放电的低电流等离子燃料转换器
公开(公告)号：WO2003102397A1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-11
申请号：PCT/US2003/014850
申请日：2003-05-12
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
发明人： RABINOVICH, Alexander , ALEXEEV, Nikolai , BROMBERG, Leslie , COHN, Daniel, R. , SAMOKHIN, Andrei
IPC分类号： F02B43/10
CPC分类号： C01B3/342 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/083 , B01J2219/0832 , B01J2219/0869 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0884 , B01J2219/0892 , B01J2219/0894 , C01B2203/00 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0861 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/1604 , F02B43/10 , F02M25/12 , F02M27/042 , H05H1/48 , H05H2001/3431 , Y02T10/121 , Y02T10/32
摘要： A novel apparatus and method is disclosed for a plasmatron fuel converter ("plasmatron") that efficiently uses electrical energy to produce hydrogen rich gas. The volume and shape of the plasma discharge is controlled by a fluid flow established in a plasma discharge volume. A plasmatron according to this invention produces a substantially large effective plasma discharge volume allowing for substantially greater volumetric efficiency in the initiation of chemical reactions within a volume of bulk fluid reactant flowing through the plasmatron.
摘要翻译：公开了一种新颖的装置和方法，用于有效地使用电能产生富氢气体的等离子体燃料转换器（“等离子体”）。等离子体放电的体积和形状由等离子体放电体积中建立的流体流控制。根据本发明的等离子体生成器产生基本上大的有效等离子体放电容积，从而允许在流过等离子体质的体积流体反应物的体积中引发化学反应的显着更大的体积效率。

23. 发明申请

WO1997013128A1 ACTIVE PYROMETER FOR SELF-CALIBRATED FURNACE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于自我校准的温度测量的活性染料
公开(公告)号：WO1997013128A1
公开(公告)日：1997-04-10
申请号：PCT/US1996015997
申请日：1996-10-04
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
发明人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE , WOSKOV, Paul, P. , COHN, Daniel, R. , TITUS, Charles, H. , SURMA, Jeffrey, E.
IPC分类号： G01K11/00
CPC分类号： G01K11/006 , G01J5/522 , G01K11/12 , G01K17/003
摘要： Pyrometer with a probe beam superimposed on its field-of-view for furnace temperature measurements. The pyrometer includes a heterodyne millimeter/submillimeter-wave or microwave receiver (12) including a millimeter/submillimeter-wave or microwave source for probing. The receiver is adapted to receive radiation from a surface (48) whose temperature is to be measured. The radiation includes a surface emission portion and a surface reflection portion which includes the probe beam energy reflected from the surface. The surface emission portion is related to the surface temperature and the surface reflection portion is related to the emissivity of the surface. The simultaneous measurement of surface emissivity serves as a real time calibration of the temperature measurement. In an alternative embodiment, a translatable base plate (76) and a visible laser beam (78) allow slow mapping out of interference patterns and obtaining peak values therefor. The invention also includes a waveguide (118) having a replaceable end portion (124), an insulating refractory sleeve (132) and/or a source of inert gas flow (122). The pyrometer may be used in conjunction with a waveguide to form a system for temperature measurements in a furnace. The system may employ a chopper (24) or alternatively, be constructed without a chopper. The system may also include an auxiliary reflector (182) for surface emissivity measurements.
摘要翻译：测高仪用探针光束叠加在其视场上进行炉温测量。高温计包括外差毫米/亚毫米波或微波接收器（12），其包括用于探测的毫米/亚毫米波或微波源。接收器适于接收来自其温度要被测量的表面（48）的辐射。辐射包括表面发射部分和包括从表面反射的探测光束能量的表面反射部分。表面发射部分与表面温度有关，表面反射部分与表面的发射率有关。表面发射率的同时测量可作为温度测量的实时校准。在替代实施例中，可平移底板（76）和可见激光束（78）允许从干涉图案中慢速映射并获得其峰值。本发明还包括具有可替换端部（124），绝缘耐火套（132）和/或惰性气体流（122）源的波导（118）。高温计可以与波导结合使用以形成用于炉中的温度测量的系统。该系统可以采用斩波器（24），或者替代地，在没有斩波器的情况下构造。该系统还可以包括用于表面发射率测量的辅助反射器（182）。

24. 发明申请

WO2014085181A1 HEAT EXCHANGERS USING METALLIC FOAMS ON FINS 审中-公开
标题翻译：在FINS上使用金属粉末的热交换器
公开(公告)号：WO2014085181A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-05
申请号：PCT/US2013/071186
申请日：2013-11-21
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
发明人： BROMBERG, Leslie , COHN, Daniel, R.
IPC分类号： F28F3/02 , F28F13/00 , F28F1/12 , B01J32/00 , C01B3/26
CPC分类号： C09K5/14 , B01J32/00 , B01J35/04 , C01B3/22 , C01B3/38 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/0277 , C01B2203/1029 , C01B2203/1082 , F28F1/12 , F28F3/02 , F28F13/003 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Heat exchanger (10) comprising metallic foam (12) is disposed on at least one fin (14) made of high thermal conductivity material. The metallic foam exchanges heat with a gas stream flowing therethrough.
摘要翻译：包含金属泡沫（12）的热交换器（10）设置在由高导热性材料制成的至少一个翅片（14）上。金属泡沫与流过其中的气流交换热量。

25. 发明申请

WO1997013141A1 MICROWAVE PLASMA MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE PROCESS STREAMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于高温过程流体元素组成分析的微波等离子体监测系统
公开(公告)号：WO1997013141A1
公开(公告)日：1997-04-10
申请号：PCT/US1996015961
申请日：1996-10-04
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
发明人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE , WOSKOV, Paul, P. , COHN, Daniel, R. , TITUS, Charles, H. , SURMA, Jeffrey, E.
IPC分类号： G01N21/73
CPC分类号： G01N21/73
摘要： Microwave-induced plasma for continuous, real time trace element monitoring under harsh and variable conditions. The sensor includes a source of high power microwave energy and a shorted waveguide made of a microwave conductive, high temperature capability refractory material communicating with the source of the microwave energy to generate a plasma. The high power waveguide is constructed to be robust in a hot, hostile environment. It includes an aperture for the passage of gases to be analyzed and a spectrometer is connected to receive light from the plasma. Provision is made for real time in situ calibration. The spectrometer disperses the light, which is then analyzed by a computer. The sensor is capable of making continuous, real time quantitative measurements of desired elements, such as the heavy metals lead and mercury. The invention may be incorporated into a high temperature process device and implemented in situ for example, such as with a DC graphite electrode plasma arc furnace. The invention further provides a system for the elemental analysis of process streams by removing particulate and/or droplet samples therefrom and entraining such samples in the gas flow which passes through the plasma flame. Introduction of and entraining samples in the gas flow may be facilitated by a suction pump, regulating gas flow, gravity or combinations thereof.
摘要翻译：微波诱导等离子体在恶劣条件下进行连续，实时的微量元素监测。该传感器包括高功率微波能量源和由与微波能量源连通以产生等离子体的微波导电高温能耐火材料制成的短路波导。高功率波导被构造为在热的，恶劣的环境中是坚固的。它包括用于待分析气体通过的孔，并且连接光谱仪以接收来自等离子体的光。经费用于实时在线校准。光谱仪分散光，然后用计算机分析。传感器能够对所需元素进行连续的实时定量测量，如重金属铅和汞。本发明可以结合到高温工艺装置中并且例如用DC石墨电极等离子体电弧炉就地实现。本发明还提供了一种用于通过从其中除去颗粒和/或液滴样品并将这些样品夹带在通过等离子体火焰的气流中进行元素分析工艺流的系统。气流中的引入和夹带样品可以通过抽吸泵，调节气流，重力或其组合来促进。

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