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1. 发明授权

US6069433A Packaged strain actuator 失效
标题翻译：包装应变致动器
公开(公告)号：US6069433A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-30
申请号：US943645
申请日：1997-10-03
申请人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Mark E. Lundstrom , Jeffrey W. Moore , Edward F. Crawley
发明人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Mark E. Lundstrom , Jeffrey W. Moore , Edward F. Crawley
IPC分类号： G01L1/16 , G03F7/20 , H01L41/047 , H01L41/053 , H01L41/09 , H01L41/22 , H02N2/00 , H03H9/17 , H04R17/08 , H01L41/08
CPC分类号： H01L41/23 , G03F7/70725 , G03F7/70758 , G03F7/709 , H01L41/047 , H01L41/053 , H01L41/0926 , H01L41/0933 , H01L41/094 , H01L41/0953 , H01L41/0993 , H04R17/08 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T29/49126 , Y10T29/49128 , Y10T29/49146
摘要： A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a vane, shaker, stirrer, lever, pusher or sonicator for direct contact with a solid or immersion in a fluid, or may be bonded by a stiff adhesive to make a surface-to-surface mechanical coupling with a solid workpiece,device, substratesmachine or sample. The structural polymer provides a bending stiffness such that the thin plate does not deform to its breaking point, and a mechanical stiffness such that shear forces are efficiently coupled from the plate to the workpiece. In further embodiments, the card may include active circuit elements for switching, powering or processing signals, and/or passive circuit elements for filtering, matching or damping signals, so that few or no connections to outside circuitry are required. The actuator assembly can be manufactured in quantity, to provide a versatile actuator with uniform mechanical and actuation characteristics, that introduces negligible mass loading to the workpiece. The cards themselves may be arranged as independent mechanical actuators, rather than strain-transfer actuators, in which the induced strain changes the position of the card. Various arrangements of pinned or cantilevered cards may act as a pusher, bender or other motive actuator, and structures such as powered bellows may be formed directly by folding one or more suitably patterned cards.
摘要翻译：模块化致动器组件包括一个或多个电活性材料的板或元件，其结合到电镀片材上，优选地通过结构聚合物形成卡片。该卡被密封，并且本身可以构成用于与固体直接接触或浸入流体中的实际装置，例如叶片，摇动器，搅拌器，杠杆，推动器或超声波器，或者可以通过刚性粘合剂粘合以形成表面到表面的机械耦合与固体工件，装置，基板机或样品。结构聚合物提供弯曲刚度，使得薄板不会变形到其断裂点，并且具有机械刚度，使得剪切力从板有效地耦合到工件。在另外的实施例中，卡可以包括用于切换，供电或处理信号的有源电路元件，和/或用于滤波，匹配或阻尼信号的无源电路元件，使得很少或者不需要与外部电路的连接。致动器组件可以大量制造，以提供具有均匀机械和致动特性的通用致动器，其将可忽略的质量负载引入到工件中。卡本身可以被布置为独立的机械致动器，而不是应变传递致动器，其中感应应变改变卡的位置。钉扎或悬臂卡的各种布置可以用作推动器，弯曲机或其它动作致动器，并且诸如动力波纹管的结构可以通过折叠一个或多个适当图案化的卡直接形成。

2. 发明授权

US06022584A Making large porous aggregates 失效
标题翻译：制作大量多孔聚集体
公开(公告)号：US06022584A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-08
申请号：US788090
申请日：1997-01-23
申请人： Manfred Kahn , Mark Chase
发明人： Manfred Kahn , Mark Chase
IPC分类号： C04B35/622 , H01L41/22 , H04R17/08 , B05D5/12
CPC分类号： C04B35/622 , H01L41/43 , H01L41/1876 , H04R17/08 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T428/2998
摘要： The process for making a porous mass containing dense aggregates or granu includes the steps of mixing powder with more than 10% by weight of a binder to form agglomerated powder, heating the agglomerated powder to remove the binder and to grow crystallites in the powder to an average diameter exceeding 5 microns to form a porous mass containing the dense aggregates, and cooling the porous mass. The porous mass is broken up, if it is cohesive, into the aggregates containing the crystallites and the aggregates can be used to make an article, such as a transducer. The transducer is essentially a thick film and its thickness is that of the ceramic aggregates of granules. The electrodes connect to the top and to the bottom of the aggragates. As a result, the transducer material operates in the 1-3 mode.
摘要翻译：制造含有致密聚集体或颗粒的多孔质料的方法包括以下步骤：将粉末与10％（重量）以上的粘合剂混合以形成团聚粉末，加热附聚粉末以除去粘合剂并将粉末中的微晶生长至平均直径超过5微米以形成含有致密聚集体的多孔质量块，并冷却多孔质量。多孔质量如果是粘合的，则会分解成含有微晶的聚集体，聚集体可用于制造诸如换能器的物品。传感器基本上是厚膜，其厚度是颗粒的陶瓷聚集体的厚度。电极连接到agagagates的顶部和底部。结果，换能器材料以1-3模式运行。

3. 发明授权

US5926439A Flextensional dual-section push-pull underwater projector 失效
标题翻译：弯曲双段推拉水下投影机
公开(公告)号：US5926439A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-20
申请号：US226626
申请日：1998-12-21
申请人： Jean C. Piquette
发明人： Jean C. Piquette
IPC分类号： G10K9/12 , H04R17/08 , H04R17/00
CPC分类号： G10K9/121 , H04R17/08
摘要： The present invention relates to an underwater acoustic projector compris a housing formed from a rigid material, a fixed plate secured to the housing, first and second annular electrostrictive rings positioned on one side of the fixed plate, and third and fourth annular electrostrictive rings positioned on a second side of the fixed plate. The first and second annular rings are separated by a first moving plate, while the third and fourth annular rings are separated by a second moving plate. Each moving plate is connected to a drive piston which contacts an inner surface of an outer housing surrounding the inner housing. The outer housing is caused to move in a flexural mode by the drive pistons in contact with it. The annular rings are formed from lead magnesium niobate or lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate and are wired for dual push-pull operation to reduce the non-linearity of the response of the annular rings.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种水下声发射体，其包括由刚性材料形成的壳体，固定在壳体上的固定板，位于固定板一侧的第一和第二环形电致伸缩环，以及位于固定板一侧上的第三和第四环形电致伸缩环固定板的第二面。第一和第二环形环由第一移动板分开，而第三和第四环形环由第二移动板分开。每个移动板连接到驱动活塞，该驱动活塞接触围绕内壳体的外壳体的内表面。通过与其接触的驱动活塞使外壳以弯曲模式移动。环形环由铌酸铅镁或铌酸铅铅钛酸铅形成，并被布线用于双推拉操作，以减少环形环的响应的非线性。

4. 发明授权

US5889352A Piezo-electric/electrostrictive film type element 失效
标题翻译：压电/电致伸缩膜型元件
公开(公告)号：US5889352A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-30
申请号：US727083
申请日：1996-10-08
申请人： Yukihisa Takeuchi , Koji Kimura , Tsutomu Nanataki
发明人： Yukihisa Takeuchi , Koji Kimura , Tsutomu Nanataki
IPC分类号： G01L1/16 , G01L9/00 , H01L41/08 , H01L41/09 , H04R17/00 , H04R17/08
CPC分类号： G01L9/008 , H01L41/0973 , H04R17/00 , H04R17/08
摘要： A piezo-electric/electrostrictive film type element is constituted of a ceramic substrate including a spacer plate having at least one window, and a thin closure plate for closing the window, integrally joined to the spacer plate, and a piezo-electric/electrostrictive working portion having a lower electrode, a piezo-electric/electrostrictive layer and an upper electrode disposed in turn in the form of a layer at a closure position of the window on the outer surface of the closure plate by a film formation method. The piezo-electric/electrostrictive layer is arranged so as to cover a part only of the area of the window in a plan view. Since at the end portions of the void, the piezo-electric/electrostrictive working portion does not pick up fluctuation and vibration which would contain noise at the end portions of the void, the noise at the time of sensing, filtering or acoustic oscillation can be remarkably minimized, and a gap between the characteristics of a simulation at the time of design and those of the actual product can be remarkably reduced.
摘要翻译：压电/电致伸缩薄膜型元件由包括具有至少一个窗口的间隔板和用于闭合窗口的薄封闭板，整体连接到间隔板的陶瓷基板和压电/电致伸缩工作具有下电极的部分，压电/电致伸缩层和上电极，其通过成膜方法依次设置在封闭板的外表面上的窗口的封闭位置处的层的形式。压电/电致伸缩层被布置成在平面图中仅覆盖窗口区域的一部分。由于在空隙的端部，压电/电致伸缩工作部分不会吸收在空隙的端部处将包含噪声的波动和振动，所以在感测，滤波或声振荡时的噪声可以是显着地最小化，并且在设计时的仿真特性与实际产品的特性之间的差距可以显着降低。

5. 发明授权

US5889194A Apparatus for controlling the sensitivity of transducer elements of an array 失效
标题翻译：用于控制阵列的换能器元件的灵敏度的装置
公开(公告)号：US5889194A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-30
申请号：US880481
申请日：1997-06-23
申请人： Darwin P. Adams
发明人： Darwin P. Adams
IPC分类号： A61B8/00 , B06B1/02 , G01H3/00 , G01S7/52 , G01S7/524 , H04R17/00 , H04R17/08 , G01N29/22 , G01D18/00 , G01R35/00
CPC分类号： G01S7/52023 , B06B1/0207 , G01H3/005 , G01S7/52019 , G01S7/5205 , B06B2201/20 , H04R17/08
摘要： Apparatus and methods for controlling electrostrictive transducer sensitivity in a pulse-echo medical ultrasound system. Certain characteristics of each transducer element are tested after manufacture and recorded on a storage medium. The stored data is then used, along with certain model relations, for monitoring certain operational parameters of the transducer during use, and feedback compensation applied for maintaining the transducer sensitivity substantially constant. The parameters to be monitored may include the temperature, acoustic pressure, input power, and a figure of merit determined from the dielectric constant and coupling coefficient.
摘要翻译：用于在脉冲回波医疗超声系统中控制电致伸缩传感器灵敏度的装置和方法。每个换能器元件的某些特性在制造后测试并记录在存储介质上。然后，存储的数据连同某些模型关系一起用于在使用期间监测换能器的某些操作参数，以及用于维持换能器灵敏度基本恒定的反馈补偿。待监测的参数可以包括从介电常数和耦合系数确定的温度，声压，输入功率和品质因数。

6. 发明授权

US5835453A Electrostrictive acoustic projector and polymers used therein 失效
标题翻译：电致伸缩声学投影仪及其中使用的聚合物
公开(公告)号：US5835453A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-10
申请号：US851544
申请日：1997-05-05
申请人： Kenneth J. Wynne , Robert B. Fox , Alan W. Ellinthorpe
发明人： Kenneth J. Wynne , Robert B. Fox , Alan W. Ellinthorpe
IPC分类号： B06B1/06 , H01L41/193 , H04R17/08 , H04R17/00
CPC分类号： H01L41/193 , B06B1/06 , H04R17/08 , Y10T29/42
摘要： Polymer materials having a low Young's modulus, a low dielectric constant, and a high apparent piezoelectric response when subjected to a high direct bias voltage and a superimposed alternating voltage, used as the active element in an underwater acoustic signal projector of a sonar system.
摘要翻译：在声纳系统的水下声信号投影仪中用作有源元件时，具有低杨氏模量，低介电常数和高表观压电响应的聚合物材料，当经受高直流偏压和叠加的交流电压时。

7. 发明授权

US5728089A Microfabricated structure to be used in surgery 失效
标题翻译：微型结构用于手术
公开(公告)号：US5728089A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US332543
申请日：1994-10-31
申请人： Amit Lal , Richard M. White
发明人： Amit Lal , Richard M. White
IPC分类号： A61B17/00 , A61B17/32 , A61B18/14 , B06B3/00 , G01H11/08 , G10K9/122 , H04R17/00 , H04R17/08
CPC分类号： B06B3/00 , A61B17/320068 , A61B18/1402 , G01H11/08 , G10K9/122 , H04R17/00 , A61B18/14 , A61B2017/00345 , A61B2017/0088 , A61B2017/320072 , A61B2018/00107 , A61B2018/00119 , H04R17/08
摘要： A microstructure suitable for use as a surgical instrument. The microstructure includes a silicon substrate having body and horn portions. The horn portion may include a blade with a forward edge. A piezoelectric actuator may be mechanically coupled to the body portion.
摘要翻译：适用于手术器械的微结构。微结构包括具有主体和喇叭部分的硅衬底。喇叭部分可以包括具有前边缘的叶片。压电致动器可以机械地联接到主体部分。

8. 发明授权

US5687462A Packaged strain actuator 失效
标题翻译：包装应变致动器
公开(公告)号：US5687462A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US342370
申请日：1994-11-18
申请人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Mark E. Lundstrom , Jeffrey W. Moore , Edward F. Crawley
发明人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Mark E. Lundstrom , Jeffrey W. Moore , Edward F. Crawley
IPC分类号： G01L1/16 , G03F7/20 , H01L41/047 , H01L41/053 , H01L41/09 , H01L41/22 , H02N2/00 , H03H9/17 , H04R17/08
CPC分类号： H01L41/23 , G03F7/70725 , G03F7/70758 , G03F7/709 , H01L41/047 , H01L41/053 , H01L41/0926 , H01L41/0933 , H01L41/094 , H01L41/0953 , H01L41/0993 , H04R17/08 , Y10T29/42 , Y10T29/49126 , Y10T29/49128 , Y10T29/49146
摘要： A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a vane, shaker, stirrer, lever, pusher or sonicator for direct contact with a solid or immersion in a fluid, or may be bonded by a stiff adhesive to make a surface-to-surface mechanical coupling with a solid workpiece,device, substrate machine or sample. The structural polymer provides a bending stiffness such that the thin plate does not deform to its breaking point, and a mechanical stiffness such that shear forces are efficiently coupled from the plate to the workpiece. In further embodiments, the card may include active circuit elements for switching, powering or processing signals, and/or passive circuit elements for filtering, matching or damping signals, so that few or no connections to outside circuitry are required. The actuator assembly can be manufactured in quantity, to provide a versatile actuator with uniform mechanical and actuation characteristics, that introduces negligible mass loading to the workpiece. The cards themselves may be arranged as independent mechanical actuators, rather than strain-transfer actuators, in which the induced strain changes the position of the card. Various arrangements of pinned or cantilevered cards may act as a pusher, bender or other motive actuator, and structures such as powered bellows may be formed directly by folding one or more suitably patterned cards.
摘要翻译：模块化致动器组件包括一个或多个电活性材料的板或元件，其结合到电镀片材上，优选地通过结构聚合物形成卡片。该卡被密封，并且本身可以构成用于与固体直接接触或浸入流体中的实际装置，例如叶片，摇动器，搅拌器，杠杆，推动器或超声波器，或者可以通过刚性粘合剂粘合以形成与实体工件，器件，基板机器或样品的表面到表面的机械耦合。结构聚合物提供弯曲刚度，使得薄板不会变形到其断裂点，并且具有机械刚度，使得剪切力从板有效地耦合到工件。在另外的实施例中，卡可以包括用于切换，供电或处理信号的有源电路元件，和/或用于滤波，匹配或阻尼信号的无源电路元件，使得很少或者不需要与外部电路的连接。致动器组件可以大量制造，以提供具有均匀机械和致动特性的通用致动器，其将可忽略的质量负载引入到工件中。卡本身可以被布置为独立的机械致动器，而不是应变传递致动器，其中感应应变改变卡的位置。钉扎或悬臂卡的各种布置可以用作推动器，弯曲机或其它动作致动器，并且诸如动力波纹管的结构可以通过折叠一个或多个适当图案化的卡直接形成。

9. 发明授权

US5684243A Methods for controlling sensitivity of electrostrictive transducers 失效
标题翻译：控制电致伸缩传感器灵敏度的方法
公开(公告)号：US5684243A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-04
申请号：US712015
申请日：1996-09-11
申请人： Turuvekere R. Gururaja , Darwin P. Adams , Benjamin M. Herrick , David M. Prater
发明人： Turuvekere R. Gururaja , Darwin P. Adams , Benjamin M. Herrick , David M. Prater
IPC分类号： A61B8/00 , B06B1/02 , G01H3/00 , G01S7/52 , G01S7/524 , H04R17/00 , H04R17/08 , G01N29/22
CPC分类号： G01S7/52023 , B06B1/0207 , G01H3/005 , G01S7/52019 , G01S7/5205 , B06B2201/20 , H04R17/08
摘要： Apparatus and methods for controlling electrostrictive transducer sensitivity in a pulse-echo medical ultrasound system. Certain characteristics of each transducer element are tested after manufacture and recorded on a storage medium. The stored data is then used, along with certain model relations, for monitoring certain operational parameters of the transducer during use, and feedback compensation applied for maintaining the transducer sensitivity substantially constant. The parameters to be monitored may include the temperature, acoustic pressure, input power, and a figure of merit determined from the dielectric constant and coupling coefficient.
摘要翻译：用于在脉冲回波医疗超声系统中控制电致伸缩传感器灵敏度的装置和方法。每个换能器元件的某些特性在制造后测试并记录在存储介质上。然后，存储的数据连同某些模型关系一起用于在使用期间监测换能器的某些操作参数，以及用于维持换能器灵敏度基本恒定的反馈补偿。待监测的参数可以包括从介电常数和耦合系数确定的温度，声压，输入功率和品质因数。

10. 发明授权

US5613022A Diffractive display and method utilizing reflective or transmissive light yielding single pixel full color capability 失效
$Diffractive display and method utilizing reflective or transmissive light yielding single pixel full color capability$
标题翻译：衍射显示和利用反射或透射光产生单像素全色能力的方法
公开(公告)号：US5613022A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US295900
申请日：1995-03-13
申请人： Jefferson E. Odhner , Daniel J. Smith , Shailesh S. Bhat , Donald L. Cullen , Ken G. Wasson
发明人： Jefferson E. Odhner , Daniel J. Smith , Shailesh S. Bhat , Donald L. Cullen , Ken G. Wasson
IPC分类号： G02B5/18 , G02B5/32 , G02B27/42 , G09F9/37 , H04N9/31 , H04R17/08 , G02B6/34 , G03H1/00
CPC分类号： G09F9/375 , G03H1/0244 , G03H1/0272 , H04R17/08 , Y10S385/901
摘要： The present invention is directed to a diffractive display suitable for presenting graphic and the like displays. Broadly, the novel display is realized from a diffraction pattern (132) carried by (e.g. embossed) a film or element (138) connected to an energy source which is energizable for movement of the film (138). Movement of the patterned film (138) generates a display using the diffracted light from the embossed pattern (132). Electroactive films are known in the art, including, for example, piezoelectric films, electrostrictive films, electromotive films, and electrostatic films. Magnetoactive films also are known in the art. Any of these films (138) can carry the diffraction pattern (132) and be energized for movement to generate from the resulting diffracted light.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US94 / 07584第 371日期1995年3月13日 102（e）1995年3月13日PCT PCT 1994年7月12日PCT公布。公开号WO95 / 02838 日期1995年1月26日本发明涉及适用于呈现图形等的显示器的衍射显示器。广泛地，新颖的显示是通过由（例如压花）携带的衍射图案（132）实现的，所述衍射图案连接到可激活胶片（138）移动的能量源的膜或元件（138）。图案化膜（138）的运动使用来自压印图案（132）的衍射光产生显示。电活性膜是本领域已知的，包括例如压电膜，电致伸缩膜，电动膜和静电膜。磁性膜也是本领域已知的。这些膜（138）中的任何一个可以承载衍射图案（132）并且被激发以便从所得到的衍射光中移动以产生。

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