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1. 发明授权

US06314163B1 Hybrid universal broadband telecommunications using small radio cells interconnected by free-space optical links 有权
标题翻译：使用通过自由空间光链路互连的小型无线电小区的混合通用宽带电信
公开(公告)号：US06314163B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09527087
申请日：2000-03-16
申请人： Anthony Acampora
发明人： Anthony Acampora
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04W16/32 , H04B10/11 , H04B10/1125 , H04B10/25752 , H04B10/25753 , H04W36/04
摘要： Diverse communication terminals attach via broadband radio to a communications network at any of typically three hierarchical cell sizes increasing from, typically, a single building to a city to a region. Almost all telecommunications traffic transpires, however, within lowest-level “picocells 1” to and from low cost “base stations 11” that have typically one radio transceiver 111, four optical transceivers 112, an ATM switch 113 and an ATM controller 114. Each local “base station 11” is interconnected to a regional “end office switch 12”, where is realized connection to a worldwide wire/fiber line communications backbone 4, upon a multi-hop mesh network 100 via short highly-focused free-space broadband directional optical links 10. By this free-space wireless broadband access the need for new broadband access cabling the “last mile” to subscriber/users is totally surmounted. Subscriber service is of the order of 20 Mb/s peak rate, and 10 Mb/s average rate.
摘要翻译：不同的通信终端通过宽带无线电连接到通信网络，通常通常从通常的单个建筑到城市到区域增加三个分层小区大小。然而，在通常有一个无线电收发机111，四个光收发器112，ATM交换机113和ATM控制器114的低成本“基站11”的最低级“微微小区1”内几乎所有电信业务都发生。每个本地“基站11”被连接到区域“终端办公室交换机12”，其中实现了连接到全球有线/光纤线路通信骨干4，在多跳网状网络100上通过短的高度集中的自由空间宽带定向光链路10.通过这种自由空间无线宽带接入，对用户/用户的“最后一公里”的新宽带接入布线的需求被完全克服。用户服务的峰值速率为20Mb / s，平均速率为10Mb / s。

2. 发明授权

US06690888B1 Method for establishing and maintaining optical, open-air communications link 有权
标题翻译：建立和维护光学，露天通信链路的方法
公开(公告)号：US06690888B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-10
申请号：US09621385
申请日：2000-07-21
申请人： Robert Keller , Jose Melendez
发明人： Robert Keller , Jose Melendez
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/112
摘要： A method for controlling an optical, path-to-sight link, the optical link including a source of light having a beam of light, a controllable beam steering device and an actuator to permit steering the light beam, the beam steering device being controllable by predetermined control signals. The method includes the following steps. The beam steering device is controlled so as to scan the beam of light in a first predetermined pattern. First direction is received data from a remote receiver including a light detector, the direction data corresponding to a direction of the beam at which the scanned beam of light is detected by the light detector. Responsive to the first direction data, a first beam direction is determined for data communication from the link to the receiver. The beam steering device is controlled to maintain a communications beam direction corresponding to the first beam direction. The beam of light is modulated with electronic signals.
摘要翻译：一种用于控制光学路径到视线链路的方法，所述光学链路包括具有光束的光源，可控制的光束转向装置和致动器以允许转向光束，所述光束转向装置可由预定的控制信号。该方法包括以下步骤。控制光束转向装置以便以第一预定图案扫描光束。来自包括光检测器的远程接收器的接收数据的第一方向是对应于由光检测器检测到扫描光束的光束的方向的方向数据。响应于第一方向数据，确定从链路到接收机的数据通信的第一波束方向。控制光束转向装置以保持对应于第一光束方向的通信光束方向。光束被电子信号调制。

3. 发明授权

US06373607B1 Liquid crystal variable retarder for free-space laser communication system 失效
标题翻译：用于自由空间激光通信系统的液晶可变延迟器
公开(公告)号：US06373607B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09083567
申请日：1998-05-22
申请人： Michael D. Rivers , Richard G. Trissel
发明人： Michael D. Rivers , Richard G. Trissel
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , G02F1/13306
摘要： A liquid crystal variable retarder (LCVR) with automatic gain control for use with an imager-based target tracking application such as a free-space laser communication system. An LCVR is made of two optical windows separated by a gap, typically of a few microns. The gap is filled with nematic liquid crystal material. Electrodes are situated to enable an electric field to be applied between the optical windows and thus across the liquid crystal material. With no voltage applied to the electrodes the liquid crystals lie parallel to the optical windows. In this state of operation, the LCVR exhibits maximum retardation. As voltage is applied to the electrodes the liquid crystal molecules rotate away from the optical windows, becoming perpendicular to the optical windows. In this state of operation, the LCVR exhibits minimum retardation. A preferred embodiment of the invention includes an optical train having a first polarizer, a filter, a second polarizer orthogonal to the first polarizer, a liquid crystal variable retarder, and a third polarizer orthogonal to the second polarizer. The light then passes through focusing optics that image the light onto an imaging array, such as a CCD device, or a photodetector. A feedback circuit controls the liquid crystal variable retarder to provide variable attenuation of an incoming light beam.
摘要翻译：一种具有自动增益控制的液晶可变延迟器（LCVR），用于与基于成像器的目标跟踪应用（例如自由空间激光通信系统）一起使用。 LCVR由两个光学窗口组成，间隔开，通常为几微米。间隙填充向列型液晶材料。电极被设置成能够在光学窗口之间并且因此跨越液晶材料施加电场。没有电压施加到电极上，液晶平行于光学窗口。在这种操作状态下，LCVR具有最大的延迟。当电压施加到电极时，液晶分子从光学窗口旋转，变得垂直于光学窗口。在这种操作状态下，LCVR具有最小的延迟。本发明的优选实施例包括具有第一偏振器，滤光器，与第一偏振器正交的第二偏振器，液晶可变延迟器和与第二偏振器正交的第三偏振器的光学列。然后，光通过将光成像到诸如CCD器件或光电检测器的成像阵列上的聚焦光学器件。反馈电路控制液晶可变延迟器以提供入射光束的可变衰减。

4. 发明授权

US06498668B1 Alignment system for laser communication beam 失效
标题翻译：激光通讯光束对准系统
公开(公告)号：US06498668B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-24
申请号：US09266457
申请日：1999-03-11
申请人： Eric Korevaar
发明人： Eric Korevaar
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/1121
摘要： A system for directing a communication beam from a transmitter at a first location onto an optical target of a receiver at a second location uses a terrestrial free-space optical data link. The system includes an optical fiber which emanates the communication beam at a first wavelength in the intermediate infrared range onto an optical element of the transmitter. The optical element then collimates and directs the communication beam, together with a beacon beam of a second wavelength in the near infrared range, in a common beam along a path toward the receiver. At the second location, the receiver collects the common beam and focuses it to a focal point. A camera in the receiver then receives scattered light of the beacon beam from the focal point to determine a displacement distance between the focal point and the target. The focal point and target are then aligned with each other to reduce the displacement distance to a null and thereby make the focal point of the common beam incident on the target. Accordingly, the communication beam is directed onto the target which may either be an optical detector or another optical fiber.
摘要翻译：用于将来自第一位置的发射机的通信波束引导到第二位置处的接收机的光学目标的系统使用地面自由空间光学数据链路。该系统包括将中间红外范围中的第一波长的通信光束发射到发射机的光学元件上的光纤。然后，光学元件沿着朝向接收器的路径将通信光束与在近红外范围中的第二波长的信标光束一起在公共光束中进行准直和指向。在第二位置，接收器收集公共光束并将其聚焦到焦点。接收器中的相机然后从焦点接收信标光束的散射光，以确定焦点和目标之间的位移距离。然后将焦点和目标对准，以将位移距离减小到零，从而使公共光束的焦点入射到目标上。因此，通信光束被引导到可以是光学检测器或另一光纤的目标上。

5. 发明授权

US06441936B1 Wireless datalink activation system having power conditioning capabilities 有权
标题翻译：具有功率调节功能的无线数据链路激活系统
公开(公告)号：US06441936B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09221218
申请日：1998-12-23
申请人： Gary A. Kinstler
发明人： Gary A. Kinstler
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , H04B10/807
摘要： The system includes at least one data receiver, a low-power photo-voltaic power generation and distribution system, and a unique signal detector. The data receiver receives serial digital information from a remote optical data transmitter. The data receiver serves both activation and data/control wireless datalink functions. The low-power photo-voltaic power generation and distribution system includes at least one photo-voltaic panel for receiving optical power from a remote optical emission source; and power conditioning, accumulation, and distribution means. Such means includes a digital micro-power timer integrated circuit. The power conditioning, accumulation, and distribution means is connected to the photo-voltaic panel for accumulating power generated by the photo-voltaic panel for periodically and intermittently distributing accumulated power in desired quantities. The unique signal detector is connected to the data receiver and to the power conditioning, accumulation and distribution means, and is connectable to an electrical apparatus. The periodically and intermittently distributed power enables the unique signal detector to evaluate incoming data received from the data receiver, and upon detection of the receipt of a signal qualifying as a key, thereupon issues a command to the electrical apparatus to initiate uninterrupted data communication from the data receiver. The system is capable of providing a lifetime physical-connection-free means of accomplishing remote datalink activation and subsequent communications functions to remote objects.
摘要翻译：该系统包括至少一个数据接收器，低功率光伏发电和分配系统以及独特的信号检测器。数据接收器从远程光学数据发射器接收串行数字信息。数据接收器用于激活和数据/控制无线数据链路功能。低功率光伏发电和配电系统包括至少一个用于从远程光发射源接收光功率的光伏面板; 和功率调节，积累和分配手段。这种装置包括数字微功率定时器集成电路。功率调节，积聚和分配装置连接到光伏面板，用于累积由光伏面板产生的电力，以周期性地和间歇地分配所需量的累积功率。唯一的信号检测器连接到数据接收器和功率调节，累积和分配装置，并且可连接到电气设备。周期性和间歇性分配的功率使得唯一信号检测器能够评估从数据接收器接收的输入数据，并且在检测到符合资格作为密钥的信号的接收之后，向电气设备发出命令以发起不间断的数据通信数据接收机该系统能够为远程对象提供实现远程数据链路激活和后续通信功能的终身无物理连接手段。

6. 发明授权

US06285481B1 Free-space laser communications error control system 失效
标题翻译：自由空间激光通信误差控制系统
公开(公告)号：US06285481B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-04
申请号：US08924393
申请日：1997-09-05
申请人： Douglas Palmer
发明人： Douglas Palmer
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/118
摘要： A free-space atmospheric laser communications error control circuit. The invention includes a control circuit that circumvents the problems of scintillation and other atmospheric degradation of signal propagation in a free-space atmospheric laser communication system by transmitting a “signal strength” data stream between each pair of communicating laser transceivers. The signal strength data stream indicates the signal strength of the sending transceiver as actually received by the remote receiving transceiver. If the sending transceiver receives data from the remote receiving transceiver indicating that the signal strength of the sending transceiver has fallen to or below a selected threshold, or if the sending transceiver cannot detect the signal strength data stream, then the sending transceiver suspends transmission of information packets. The sending transceiver resumes transmission of information packets when the indicated signal strength level returns to an acceptable level. The laser communication system attempts to transmit the signal strength data stream between the transceivers even though information packets are not transmitted.
摘要翻译：自由空间大气激光通信误差控制电路。本发明包括一种控制电路，其通过在每对通信激光收发器之间传送“信号强度”数据流来绕开自由空间大气激光通信系统中的信号传播的闪烁和其他大气劣化的问题。信号强度数据流指示由远程接收收发机实际接收的发送收发器的信号强度。如果发送收发器从远程接收收发器接收到指示发送收发器的信号强度已经下降到或低于所选阈值的数据，或者发送收发器无法检测到信号强度数据流，则发送收发器暂停信息的传输数据包当指示的信号强度水平返回到可接受的水平时，发送收发器恢复信息分组的传输。即使不发送信息包，激光通信系统也尝试在收发器之间发送信号强度数据流。

7. 发明授权

US06583904B1 Method and apparatus for aligning optical interconnections between printed circuit boards 有权
标题翻译：用于对准印刷电路板之间的光互连的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06583904B1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-24
申请号：US09409751
申请日：1999-10-01
申请人： Uri Mahlab , Hertzel Yehezkely
发明人： Uri Mahlab , Hertzel Yehezkely
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： G02B6/43 , G02F1/1313 , G02F1/292 , G02F2001/291 , G02F2203/07 , G02F2203/12 , H04B10/803 , H05K1/0274 , H05K1/14
摘要： Method and apparatus for the alignment of optical interconnections between at least one optical data transmission point and at least one corresponding optical data receiving point. A collimated beam of data carrying light is polarized through an electrically-controlled light polarizer, such as a spatial light modulator or a liquid crystal, which comprises an array of pixels. A focused beam of the data-carrying light, emitted from the light polarizer, is obtained on the receiving point, by individually controlling the polarization of each pixel, and deflecting the direction of the collimated beam when emitted from the light polarizer, until a predetermined value of an electrical signal (current and/or voltage) representing the level of alignment is obtained. The collimated beam is further continuously and/or adaptively aligned by determining a desired current and a threshold current and/or voltage produced by an optical sensor at the receiving point. A comparator circuitry compares the actual current produced by the optical sensor, to the threshold current, and a feedback loop controls each individual pixel according to the comparison result.
摘要翻译：用于在至少一个光学数据传输点和至少一个对应的光学数据接收点之间对准光学互连的方法和装置。携带光的平行数据的光束通过诸如空间光调制器或液晶的电控偏光器偏振，其包括像素阵列。通过单独控制每个像素的偏振，并且在从偏振片发射时使准直光束的方向偏转，直到预定的光束从光偏振器发射的数据载体的光的聚焦光束在接收点上获得，获得表示对准水平的电信号（电流和/或电压）的值。通过在接收点处确定由光学传感器产生的期望电流和阈值电流和/或电压来进一步连续地和/或自适应地对准准直光束。比较器电路将由光学传感器产生的实际电流与阈值电流进行比较，并且反馈环路根据比较结果控制每个单独的像素。

8. 发明授权

US06504633B1 Analog and digital electronic receivers for dual-use wireless data networks 有权
标题翻译：用于双用途无线数据网络的模拟和数字电子接收机
公开(公告)号：US06504633B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-07
申请号：US09292126
申请日：1999-04-14
申请人： George B. Hovorka , Steven B. Leeb , Deron Jackson , Elmer C. Lupton
发明人： George B. Hovorka , Steven B. Leeb , Deron Jackson , Elmer C. Lupton
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/1143 , H04B10/116
摘要： Transceiver system including a transmitter and receiver. The transmitter transmits radiation having a varying operating frequency. It is preferred that the radiation be visible light. The operating frequency is varied in a way that eliminates visible flicker. A receiver receives the encoded radiation, decodes the coded data, and delivers the decoded data signal to an output stage. The output may be audio information textural information or graphical information. A two level coding scheme is preferred.
摘要翻译：收发系统包括发射机和接收机。发射机发送具有变化的工作频率的辐射。优选地，辐射是可见光。工作频率以消除可见闪烁的方式变化。接收器接收编码的辐射，解码编码的数据，并将解码的数据信号传送到输出级。输出可以是音频信息纹理信息或图形信息。优选二级编码方案。

9. 发明授权

US06486994B1 Multi-directional infrared port and methods of using same 有权
标题翻译：多方向红外线端口及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US06486994B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-26
申请号：US09170964
申请日：1998-10-13
申请人： Rick D. Giles
发明人： Rick D. Giles
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/114
摘要： Methods and apparatus for wirelessly communicating between a master and slave device with multi-directional infrared transmissions are provided. The master device is equipped with a multi-directional infrared (IR) port in the form of either a PCMCIA communications card, an infrared domed housing or a plurality of IR ports, positioned multi-directionally, about a computing system configuration. The IR port has a plurality of IR pairs, infrared isolated therebetween, comprised of an infrared transmitter and receiver. From the master device, each of the IR transmitters transmit an attention pulse in a wide-angular pattern in a singular plane to attract the attention of the slave device regardless of its physical placement in relation to the master device. In response to the attention pulse, the slave device sends a reply. Thereafter, the reply is evaluated at each of the IR pairs according to various criteria to select the IR pair or pairs best suited for infrared communications with the slave device. Preferably, the IR pair is selected so that the most accurate, fastest and/or strongest signal strength communications are effectuated between the master and slave devices. Once the IR pair providing the desired infrared communication characteristic is selected, the physical placement of the slave device is stored and associated with that IR pair. Storage is preferably performed by a look-up table so that during subsequent communications between the master and slave device, the preferred IR pair can be quickly selected and communications established in a fast manner. A protocol for communicating between this invention and conventional devices is also described.
摘要翻译：提供了用于在具有多方向红外线传输的主设备和从设备之间进行无线通信的方法和装置。主设备配备有以计算系统配置为多方向定位的PCMCIA通信卡，红外半球形壳体或多个IR端口形式的多方向红外（IR）端口。 IR端口具有多个红外线对，红外线隔离，由红外发射器和接收器组成。从主设备，每个IR发射器以单角平面中的广角格式发送注意脉冲，以引起从设备的关注，而不管其相对于主设备的物理放置。响应于注意脉冲，从设备发送回复。此后，根据各种标准在每个IR对中评估答复，以选择最适合于与从设备进行红外通信的IR对或配对。优选地，选择IR对，使得在主设备和从设备之间实现最准确，最快和/或最强的信号强度通信。一旦选择了提供所需红外通信特性的IR对，就会存储从属设备的物理放置并与该IR对相关联。存储优选地由查找表执行，使得在主设备和从设备之间的后续通信期间，可以快速地选择优选的IR对并以快速方式建立通信。还描述了用于本发明与常规设备之间的通信的协议。

10. 发明授权

US06400482B1 Communication system 有权
标题翻译：通讯系统
公开(公告)号：US06400482B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09291709
申请日：1999-04-14
申请人： Elmer C. Lupton , Steven B. Leeb , George B. Hovorka , Deron Jackson , Billie L. Bentzen
发明人： Elmer C. Lupton , Steven B. Leeb , George B. Hovorka , Deron Jackson , Billie L. Bentzen
IPC分类号： H04B1010
CPC分类号： H04B10/1143 , H04B10/116
摘要： A communications network comprised of a source of information to be transmitted in the form of a signal, one or more transmitters which emit light suitable for illumination and including means for modulating the light with the information signal, a medium such as a fluid through which the light passes, and one or more receivers for receiving the light and demodulating the signal to obtain the information. A user for the information may be a device, such as a computer or a compact disk player, or it may be a person, perhaps with some form of sensory or mental impairment. The information may be encrypted, may provide directional guidance, such as to a user moving in a vehicle, and/or may be transmitted simultaneously over multiple channels. Various types of visible light assemblies may be employed, with varying power inputs and outputs.
摘要翻译：一种通信网络，包括以信号形式发送的信息源，发射适合于照明的光的一个或多个发射器，以及包括用信号信号调制光的装置，诸如流体的介质，光通过，以及一个或多个接收器，用于接收光并解调信号以获得信息。该信息的用户可以是诸如计算机或光盘播放器的设备，或者可以是具有某种形式的感觉或精神障碍的人。信息可以被加密，可以提供方向性引导，诸如在车辆中移动的用户和/或可以通过多个信道同时发送。可以采用各种类型的可见光组件，具有变化的功率输入和输出。

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