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1. 发明授权

US3643215A A pattern recognition device in which allowance is made for pattern errors 失效
标题翻译：用于模式错误的模式识别设备
公开(公告)号：US3643215A
公开(公告)日：1972-02-15
申请号：US3643215D
申请日：1968-11-13
申请人： EMI LTD
发明人： INGHAM WILLIAM ELLIS , SYMONS MICHAEL , MURDEN PETER
IPC分类号： G06K9/68 , G06K9/80 , G06K11/04 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K9/6857 , G06K9/48 , G06K9/66 , G06K9/70 , G06K9/80 , G06K11/04
摘要： A pattern recognition device comprises search means which are controlled initially to make a systematic search of a pattern presented for classification and produce signals descriptive of the features. It also comprises storage means in which are stored (a) a list of likelihoods of classes for given features, (b) a list of likelihoods of features for given classes, and (c) a list of mean distances between features for given classes. These lists may be built up during a self-organizing mode of operation of the device. The device further includes prediction means which, when a given number of features have been described by the search means, utilizes these features and the lists in the storage means and predicts the most likely class of the presented pattern, another feature likely to be associated with the features already described, and the locality of said feature. The control of the search means is then passed to the prediction means which cause a search to be carried out in the predicted locality. A signal produced as the result of the search in the predicted locality may be used either in a further prediction or to cause the systematic search to be resumed.
摘要翻译：模式识别装置包括搜索装置，其最初被控制以对所呈现的用于分类的模式进行系统搜索并产生描述特征的信号。它还包括存储装置，其中存储有（a）给定特征的类的可能性列表，（b）给定类的特征的可能性列表，以及（c）给定类的特征之间的平均距离的列表。这些列表可以在设备的自组织操作模式下建立。该设备还包括预测装置，当搜索装置已经描述了给定数量的特征时，利用这些特征和存储装置中的列表并预测所呈现的图案的最可能类别，可能与已经描述的特征，以及所述特征的位置。然后将搜索装置的控制传递到预测装置，该预测装置使得在预测的位置中执行搜索。作为在预测位置的搜索结果产生的信号可以在另外的预测中使用或者使系统搜索恢复。

2. 发明授权

US3560928A Apparatus for automatically identifying fingerprint cores 失效
标题翻译：用于自动识别手指纹的装置
公开(公告)号：US3560928A
公开(公告)日：1971-02-02
申请号：US3560928D
申请日：1968-09-25
申请人： IBM
发明人： BERGER JAY M , LEVINE WILBUR J , MALEK KASEM
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K9/00067
摘要： A DOCUMENT HAVING A PATTERN TO BE RECOGNIZED, SUCH AS A FINGERPRINT, IS FIRST SCANNED AT A FIRST ANGLE IN ONE DIRECTION TO DETERMINE A FIRST SET OF POINTS OF TANGENCY OF SCANNING LINES WITH FINGERPRINT RIDGES AND THE ADDRESSES OF THE X, Y COORDINATES OF THESE POINTS ARE STORED IN DIGITAL STORAGE MEANS. THE SCAN IS THEN ROTATED TO AN ANGLE OF ABOUT 60* TO 120* TO THE FIRST ANGLE AND A SECOND SCAN IS EFFECTED TO PRODUCE A SECOND SET OF LIKE POINTS OF TANGENCY AND THE ADDRESSES OF THE X, Y COORDINATES OF THE SECOND POINTS ARE ALSO STORED. THE ADDRESSES PRODUCED BY BOTH SCANS ARE RESPECTIVELY COMPARED AND THAT COMPARISON BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND SCAN ADDRESSES WHICH SHOWS A DIFFERENCE OF LESS THAN A CHOSEN VALUE (THE DISTANCE BETWEEN ADJACENT RIDGES OF THE FINGERPRINT) IS THE LOCATION AT WHICH THE SCANS CONVERGE AND WHICH IS SUBSTANTIALLY THE FOCAL POINT OF THE FINGERPRINT. SUCH FOCAL POINT IS NOW REPRODUCIBLE, NO MATTER WHAT THE ANGLE OF DISPOSITION OF THE FINGERPRING IS IN THE VIEWING AREA.

3. 发明授权

US4093941A Slope feature detection system 失效
标题翻译：坡度特征检测系统
公开(公告)号：US4093941A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-06
申请号：US749200
申请日：1976-12-09
申请人： Larry Wayne Bryan , David Paul Himmel , George William Woster, Jr.
发明人： Larry Wayne Bryan , David Paul Himmel , George William Woster, Jr.
IPC分类号： G06K9/56 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K9/56 , G06K2209/01
摘要： A character feature detection system is provided for reliably reading non-touching hand printed and multi-font machine printed alphanumeric characters. An information field is scanned by a sensor array, and the sensor responses are digitized to form a binary character image. The image is thinned in one-cell layers as the image boundary and loops internal to the image are traced from boundary point to boundary point. A transition from one boundary point to another is defined by one of eight equally divergent vectors which are indicative of the local slope of a boundary between connected points. The sequence of vectors and their x-ray locations are recorded, and boundary slopes are indicated by a running average of four vectors representative of cell to cell transitions. Character features are detected from the sequence of boundary slopes to form a feature set including circumference counts, maximum and minimum image boundary limits, inflection points and loops. The image boundary is thinned to a one-cell stroke width, and character stops and nodes are located. Each stop arm is traced to identify valid stops, and the slope of each valid stop is determined to complete the feature set. The feature set is formatted and stored in a memory unit for character identification.
摘要翻译：提供了一种字符特征检测系统，用于可靠地读取非接触的手印和多字机打印的字母数字字符。通过传感器阵列扫描信息字段，并将传感器响应数字化以形成二进制字符图像。图像在单细胞层中变薄，因为图像边界，图像内部的循环从边界点追溯到边界点。从一个边界点到另一个边界点的转变由八个等分的矢量中的一个定义，这些向量表示连接点之间的边界的局部斜率。记录载体序列及其X射线位置，边界斜率由代表细胞到细胞转换的四个载体的平均运动平均值表示。从边界斜率序列中检测出特征特征，形成包括圆周数，最大和最小图像边界极限，拐点和回路的特征集。图像边界被细化为单细胞笔画宽度，并且字符停止并且节点被定位。跟踪每个停止臂以识别有效停止，并确定每个有效停止的斜率以完成该功能集。功能集被格式化并存储在用于字符识别的存储器单元中。

4. 发明授权

US3868681A Character input equipment 失效
标题翻译：字符输入设备
公开(公告)号：US3868681A
公开(公告)日：1975-02-25
申请号：US29098172
申请日：1972-09-21
申请人： NIPPON ELECTRIC CO
发明人： OHYAMA CHISHIO , TACHIBANA MAKOTO , TAKADA TAKESHI
IPC分类号： G06F3/033 , G06F3/046 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06F3/046
摘要： Electronic hardware especially adapted for use in converting each one of a group of characters into binary digital information comprising a character matrix for visually identifying each selectable character. An electronic matrix positioned beneath the character matrix and comprised of perpendicularly aligned drive and sense line sets is pulsed in a predetermined sequential fashion to create current pulses in each of the current drive lines. A bar which is selectively positionable adjacent any one of the characters creates an inductive path between the drive and sense lines which intersect at the location of the desired character causing a detection circuit to indicate this condition and terminate the sequential stepping. The sense lines are provided with activating circuits for selectively coupling each of the sense lines to the detection means which halts the operations of the drive and sense line control circuits when the desired character has been detected. The outputs of the drive and sense line control circuits may then be converted into binary digital information representing any one of the selectable characters.
摘要翻译：特别适用于将一组字符中的每一个转换成二进制数字信息的电子硬件，包括用于视觉识别每个可选字符的字符矩阵。位于字符矩阵下面并由垂直对准的驱动和感测线组组成的电子矩阵以预定的顺序方式脉冲，以在每条电流驱动线中产生电流脉冲。可以相对于任何一个字符选择性地定位的条形件在驱动和检测线之间产生感应路径，该感应路径在所需字符的位置处相交，导致检测电路指示该条件并终止顺序步进。感测线设置有用于选择性地将每个感测线耦合到检测装置的激活电路，当检测到期望的字符时，该检测装置停止驱动和感测线控制电路的操作。然后可以将驱动和感测线路控制电路的输出转换成表示任意一个可选字符的二进制数字信息。

5. 发明授权

US3717847A Method and apparatus for tracing the contour of a pattern 失效
标题翻译：用于跟踪图案轮廓的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3717847A
公开(公告)日：1973-02-20
申请号：US3717847D
申请日：1970-05-28
申请人： IWATSU ELECTRIC CO LTD
发明人： KAKUTA K
IPC分类号： G06K11/02 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K11/02
摘要： The tone of a point on a drawing is read out by a detector and the output of the detector is used to perform a judgment regarding the tracing of the pattern contour. The detector is moved to a predetermined point on a drawing in accordance with the result of judgment which is made by referring to the direction of previous tracing operation.
摘要翻译：绘图上的点的色调由检测器读出，并且检测器的输出用于对图案轮廓的跟踪执行判断。根据通过参照先前的跟踪操作的方向作出的判断结果，将检测器移动到绘图上的预定点。

6. 发明授权

US3671937A Automatic pattern tracing systems 失效
标题翻译：自动图案追踪系统
公开(公告)号：US3671937A
公开(公告)日：1972-06-20
申请号：US3671937D
申请日：1970-05-28
申请人： IWATSU ELECTRIC CO LTD
发明人： TAKAHASHI TADASHI , MIYAZAKI MASATOSHI , OGAWA YASUHIKO , SATO TADASHI , KAKUTA KAZUHIKO
IPC分类号： G06K11/02 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K11/02
摘要： An automatic system for tracing a pattern depicted on a sheet of drawing comprises a detector operative to determine the presence or absence of the pattern to convert it into an electric signal, tracing direction detecting means responsive to the electric signal to judge whether the pattern is to be traced or not so as to provide a signal for moving the detector in the tracing direction, a driving mechanism responsive to the signal from the tracing direction detecting means to relatively move the detector in a predetermined direction by a predetermined distance and means to generate a digital signal corresponding to the tracing direction or a tracing spot, said detector detecting the information regarding the presence or absence of the pattern in an area close to the pattern to be traced thus continuously tracing the same.
摘要翻译：用于跟踪在一张纸上描绘的图案的自动系统包括检测器，用于确定图案的存在或不存在以将其转换成电信号，跟踪方向检测装置响应于电信号来判断图案是否为跟踪或不跟踪，以提供用于沿跟踪方向移动检测器的信号;响应于来自跟踪方向检测装置的信号的驱动机构，使检测器沿预定方向相对移动预定距离，并且产生一个数字信号对应于跟踪方向或跟踪点，所述检测器检测关于在要跟踪的图案附近的区域中存在或不存在图案的信息，从而连续追踪其。

7. 发明授权

US4177448A Character recognition system and method multi-bit curve vector processing 失效
公开(公告)号：US4177448A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-04
申请号：US919535
申请日：1978-06-26
申请人： Robert K. Brayton
发明人： Robert K. Brayton
IPC分类号： G06K9/46 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/68 , G06K9/80 , G06K9/00 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K9/80
摘要： An automatic character recognition system and method for identifying an unknown character which is one of a class of known characters. The system is set up using known specimen characters from a large character training set which must first be selected based on the use to which the character recognition will be put. Using the selected set, features and shapes of the character vocabulary in the set are obtained using selected feature scan parameters, are processed as a plurality of representative and normalized pieces of curves and are then stored in the form of binary coded representations. The system set-up also includes selecting and storing canonic shape parameters. The canonic shapes are separate pieces or segments of lines and curves which are selected on the basis that their shapes can be found as component parts or within a significant number of the characters within the character set. Having selected a character training set, selected and stored feature scan parameters and selected and stored canonic shape parameters, the system set-up procedure is completed. The next procedure is referred to as "system training" in which the individual characters within the large character training set are processed with the prior knowledge of the identity of each character being processed. This consists of an individual curve following for each of the plurality of characters on the character set and recording the path coordinates resulting from the curve following operation. The path coordinates are matched against the stored canonic shape parameters and the "best match" features are encoded. Statistical tables are then formed based on the best match relationships between the known training characters and the canonic shapes. The character recognition system is now capable of hereinafter operating with and identifying unknown characters belonging to the recognition space character set. In this procedure, the unknown character is examined using feature scan parameters to extract the features from the unknown character, providing complex vectors of the measured path coordinates of the extracted features which are matched against the stored canonic shape parameters by computing complex inner products, and a best match feature is determined.Finally, a plurality of row vectors are extracted from the statistical tables and combined to form a product vector. The largest component of the product vector is selected, and the column index j of the maximum component is noted. The unknown character is then identified as being a member of the character membership class whose column index is j.

8. 发明授权

US3863218A Pattern feature detection system 失效
标题翻译：模式特征检测系统
公开(公告)号：US3863218A
公开(公告)日：1975-01-28
申请号：US32715773
申请日：1973-01-26
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： OKA MITSUNORI , YAMAMOTO SHINJI , KADOTA SHOZO
IPC分类号： G06K9/48 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K9/481
摘要： A pattern feature detection system which detects the slope at any point of a line pattern to be identified to determine whether the pattern is monotonously increasing or monotonously decreasing at that point, thereby dividing the pattern into line segments at positions where the sign of the monotonousness changes, that is, at positions of zero slope.
摘要翻译：一种图案特征检测系统，其检测要识别的线图案的任何点处的斜率，以确定该图案在该点处是单调增加还是单调递减，从而将图案划分成线段，其中单调变化的符号发生变化，即在零坡度的位置。

9. 发明授权

US3644711A Data-recording apparatus 失效
标题翻译：数据记录装置
公开(公告)号：US3644711A
公开(公告)日：1972-02-22
申请号：US3644711D
申请日：1970-06-26
申请人： HENGSTLER KG
发明人： HALLER WILLI
IPC分类号： G07C1/14 , G06K7/04 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G07C1/14
摘要： A clock operable to produce clock pulses and a plurality of counters are provided, also a plurality of pulse lines, each of which extends from said clock to one of said counters and is adapted to transmit clock pulses from said clock to said counter. A plurality of code carriers are provided, each of which is associated with one of said counters. The code carriers are provided with different codes. A plurality of code detectors are provided, each of which is associated with one of said code carriers and one of said counters and adapted to removably receive the associated code carrier in a control position and arranged to reject code carriers other than the associated one. At least one of said code carriers is in said control position in the associated code detector. Each of said code detectors comprises contacts included in the pulse line leading from the clock to the associated counter. Said contacts are operable to control the transmission of pulses in said lines in response to a movement of the associated code carrier to said control position.

10. 发明授权

US3541510A Scanning method and system for recognizing legible characters 失效
标题翻译：用于识别识别字符的扫描方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US3541510A
公开(公告)日：1970-11-17
申请号：US3541510D
申请日：1966-03-14
申请人： FUJITSU LTD
发明人： NISHIOKA HIDEYA
IPC分类号： G06K9/30 , G06K11/04 , G06K9/16
CPC分类号： G06K9/30 , G06K11/04

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