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1. 发明授权

US06630830B2 Shielding method and apparatus using flexible strip 有权
标题翻译：使用柔性条的屏蔽方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06630830B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-07
申请号：US10382237
申请日：2003-03-05
申请人： Dzevat Omeragic , Jean Seydoux , Richard A. Rosthal
发明人： Dzevat Omeragic , Jean Seydoux , Richard A. Rosthal
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G01V3/30 , H01Q1/526 , H01Q7/00 , H01Q13/10 , H01Q17/001
摘要： A shielding method and apparatus for an antenna disposed on an elongated support adapted for disposal within a borehole. The shield providing predetermined attenuation of one or more electromagnetic energy field components as the field components interact with the shield. The shield composed of a flexible strip or cylindrical body and respectively comprising a transverse conductive element or a transverse slot therein. The shields being adapted to cover an antenna mounted on the support. The shields being compatible for use in conjunction with saddle, tilted coils or multi-layered tri-axial coils to produce a pure transverse magnetic dipole electromagnetic field. The shields are also used in methods for shielding an antenna disposed on a support to provide predetermined attenuation of an electromagnetic field component as the field components interact with the shield.
摘要翻译：一种用于天线的屏蔽方法和装置，其设置在适于在钻孔内处理的细长支撑件上。屏蔽层当场分量与屏蔽相互作用时提供一个或多个电磁能量场分量的预定衰减。该屏蔽由柔性条或圆柱体组成，分别包括横向导电元件或横向槽。屏蔽件适于覆盖安装在支撑件上的天线。该屏蔽件与鞍座，倾斜线圈或多层三轴线圈结合使用以产生纯横向磁偶极电磁场。屏蔽还用于屏蔽设置在支撑件上的天线的方法，以在场屏元件与屏蔽件相互作用时提供电磁场分量的预定衰减。

2. 发明授权

US06377050B1 LWD resistivity device with inner transmitters and outer receivers, and azimuthal sensitivity 有权
标题翻译：具有内部发射器和外部接收器的LWD电阻率装置和方位灵敏度
公开(公告)号：US06377050B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09398953
申请日：1999-09-14
申请人： Roland Chemali , Russell Lloyd Dummer
发明人： Roland Chemali , Russell Lloyd Dummer
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： A borehole tool for logging resistivity of geologic formations, having at least two inner transmitters surrounded by at least two outer receivers. Each transmitter is sequentially excited, and measurements are taken at each of the receivers. The phase differences between these received signals are determined, once for each transmitter, and the two values are averaged to estimate the resistivity value of the surrounding formations. More than two receivers can be used. An azimuthal receiver array is also used to identify boundary transitions.
摘要翻译：一种用于记录地质构造电阻率的钻孔工具，其具有由至少两个外部接收器包围的至少两个内部发射器。每个发射机被顺序地激发，并且在每个接收机处进行测量。确定这些接收信号之间的相位差，对于每个发射机确定一次，并且将两个值平均以估计周围地层的电阻率值。可以使用两个以上的接收器。方位接收机阵列也用于识别边界转换。

3. 发明授权

US06777940B2 Apparatus and method for resistivity well logging 有权
标题翻译：电阻率测井仪器和方法
公开(公告)号：US06777940B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US10291440
申请日：2002-11-08
申请人： Don T. Macune
发明人： Don T. Macune
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： Well logging apparatus and methods for determining formation resistivity at multiple (>3) depths of investigation. At least one transmitter antenna and at least two receiver antennas are mounted in a logging tool housing, on substantially a common axis. The antennas are untuned coils of wire. Electromagnetic energy is emitted at multiple frequencies from the transmitter into the formation. The receiver antennas, which are spaced apart from each other and from the transmitter, detect reflected electromagnetic energy. Formation resistivity at multiple depths of investigation is determined using only phase differences in the reflected energy at the different frequencies, minimizing false indications of invasion due to mismatch of vertical response with attenuation measurements and also permitting correcting for the effects of varying dielectric constant of the formation. The apparatus minimizes the number of antennas, electronics complexity, required power, and measurement time required to determine resistivity at multiple depths of investigation.
摘要翻译：测井仪器和测量多个（> 3）深度的地层电阻率的方法。至少一个发射器天线和至少两个接收天线安装在测井工具壳体中，基本上在公共轴上。这些天线是无捻的线圈。电磁能以多个频率从发射机发射到地层中。接收器天线彼此间隔开并与发射器分开，检测反射的电磁能。使用仅在不同频率的反射能量中的相位差来确定多个调查深度处的形成电阻率，最小化由于垂直响应与衰减测量的失配而引起的入侵的错误指示，并且还允许校正变化的形成介电常数的影响。该装置使得在多个调查深度处确定电阻率所需的天线数量，电子复杂性，所需功率和测量时间最小化。

4. 发明授权

US06765385B2 Method, apparatus and system for compensating the effects of borehole variations 有权
标题翻译：补偿井眼变化影响的方法，装置和系统
公开(公告)号：US06765385B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-20
申请号：US10293708
申请日：2002-11-13
申请人： Paul L. Sinclair , Tom Springer
发明人： Paul L. Sinclair , Tom Springer
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： System and method for borehole compensation. The method includes simultaneously transmitting at least two modulated signals from one or more transmitters; receiving the at least two modulated signals by at least one receiver; and processing the received at least two modulated signals to determine a phase difference and an amplitude attenuation of the transmitted modulated signals, the processing providing borehole compensated data.
摘要翻译：井眼补偿的系统和方法该方法包括同时发送来自一个或多个发射机的至少两个调制信号; 通过至少一个接收器接收所述至少两个调制信号; 以及处理所接收的至少两个调制信号以确定所发送的调制信号的相位差和振幅衰减，所述处理提供钻孔补偿数据。

5. 发明授权

US06476609B1 Electromagnetic wave resistivity tool having a tilted antenna for geosteering within a desired payzone 有权
标题翻译：具有倾斜天线的电磁波电阻率工具，用于在期望的付费区内进行地理转向
公开(公告)号：US06476609B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-05
申请号：US09615501
申请日：2000-07-13
申请人： Michael S. Bittar
发明人： Michael S. Bittar
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/30 , G01V3/28
摘要： This invention is directed to a downhole method and apparatus for simultaneously determining the horizontal resistivity, vertical resistivity, and relative dip angle for anisotropic earth formations. The present invention accomplishes this objective by using an antenna configuration in which a transmitter antenna and a receiver antenna are oriented in non-parallel planes such that the vertical resistivity and the relative dip angle are decoupled. Preferably, either the transmitter or the receiver is mounted in a conventional orientation in a first plane that is normal to the tool axis, and the other antenna is mounted in a second plane that is not parallel to the first plane. This invention also relates to a method and apparatus for steering a downhole tool during a drilling operation in order to maintain the borehole within a desired earth formation. The steering capability is enabled by computing the difference or the ratio of the phase-based or amplitude-based responses of the receiver antennas which are mounted in planes that are not parallel to the planes of the transmitter antennas. Although this invention is primarily intended for MWD or LWD applications, this invention is also applicable to wireline and possibly other applications.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于同时确定各向异性地球地层的水平电阻率，垂直电阻率和相对倾角的井下方法和装置。本发明通过使用其中发射机天线和接收机天线在非平行平面中定向使得垂直电阻率和相对倾角被去耦合的天线配置来实现该目的。优选地，发射器或接收器中的传统方向安装在与工具轴线垂直的第一平面中，另一个天线安装在不平行于第一平面的第二平面中。本发明还涉及一种用于在钻井操作期间转向井下工具以便将井眼保持在期望的地层中的方法和装置。通过计算安装在不平行于发射机天线的平面的平面中的接收机天线的基于相位或基于幅度的响应的差异或比例来实现转向能力。尽管本发明主要用于MWD或LWD应用，但本发明也适用于有线和可能的其他应用。

6. 发明授权

US06703837B1 Wellbore resistivity tool with simultaneous multiple frequencies 有权
标题翻译：井筒电阻率工具同时具有多个频率
公开(公告)号：US06703837B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-09
申请号：US09662973
申请日：2000-09-15
申请人： MacMillan M. Wisler , Larry W. Thompson
发明人： MacMillan M. Wisler , Larry W. Thompson
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： The present invention is a propagation resistivity system that utilizes one or more transmitter coil antennas, or “transmitters” and at least two receiver coil antennas, or “receivers”. The system uses a wellbore resistivity tool which may be embodied as a MWD tool or as a wireline tool. Two or more transmitters may be spaced equally on either side of two or more spaced-apart receivers. Two or more frequencies are transmitted and received simultaneously. Multiple frequencies may be transmitted from each transmitter or from separate transmitters at the same time. Multiple frequencies are simultaneously received and analyzed by the receiver electronics, thereby reducing the measurement time for multiple frequency measurements. In one embodiment each of two transmitters transmits simultaneously. One transmitter operates on a high frequency. The second transmitter operates at a lower frequency. The higher frequency signal penetrates a relatively shallow radial distance into the formation and the lower frequency penetrates to a radial depth which exceeds the higher frequency. Composite measurements made at two radial depths are used to compensate for factors having adverse effects on resistivity measurements in the immediate region of the borehole. Such factors include invasion, variations in borehole size, variations in borehole fluid, and the like.
摘要翻译：本发明是利用一个或多个发射器线圈天线或“发射器”和至少两个接收器线圈天线或“接收器”的传播电阻率系统。该系统使用井眼电阻率工具，其可以被实现为MWD工具或作为电缆工具。两个或更多个发射器可以在两个或更多个间隔开的接收器的任一侧上均匀间隔开。同时发送和接收两个或更多个频率。多个频率可以从每个发射机或从单独的发射机同时发射。多个频率同时由接收机电子接收和分析，从而减少多次频率测量的测量时间。在一个实施例中，两个发射机中的每一个同时发射。一个发射机在高频下工作。第二个发射机的频率较低。较高的频率信号穿过相对浅的径向距离进入地层，较低的频率穿透到超过较高频率的径向深度。在两个径向深度进行的复合测量用于补偿在井眼的近区域对电阻率测量有不利影响的因素。这些因素包括入侵，井眼尺寸的变化，井眼流体的变化等。

7. 发明授权

US06211678B1 Method for radial profiling of resistivity at multiple depths of investigation 有权
标题翻译：在多个调查深度的电阻率的径向分布方法
公开(公告)号：US06211678B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09337601
申请日：1999-06-21
申请人： Teruhiko Hagiwara
发明人： Teruhiko Hagiwara
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： A resistivity tool suitable for use in a borehole and configured to obtain a resistivity radial profile at multiple depths of investigation in a geological formation comprises a receiver pair and an array of transmitters. The distance of each transmitter from the receivers corresponds to a particular depth of investigation into the formation. Using as few as two transmitters, the resistivity tool derives resistivity values at any number of depths of investigation, including depths of investigation that do not correspond to transmitter/receiver spacings on the tool. A measurement processor combines signals received from the existing transmitters using linear interpolation, geometric interpolation, and/or other techniques to derive the resistivity measurements.
摘要翻译：适用于钻孔并被配置为在地质构造中的多个调查深度处获得电阻率径向轮廓的电阻率工具包括接收器对和发射器阵列。每个发射机与接收机的距离对应于对地层的特定深度调查。使用少至两个发射机，电阻率工具可以在任何数量的调查深度获得电阻率值，包括不符合工具上发射机/接收机间距的调查深度。测量处理器使用线性插值，几何内插和/或其他技术来组合从现有发射机接收的信号以导出电阻率测量。

8. 发明授权

US06181138B2 Directional resistivity measurements for azimuthal proximity detection of bed boundaries 有权
标题翻译：床边界方位接近检测的方向电阻率测量
公开(公告)号：US06181138B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09255621
申请日：1999-02-22
申请人： Teruhiko Hagiwara , Haoshi Song
发明人： Teruhiko Hagiwara , Haoshi Song
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： E21B47/02216 , E21B47/026 , G01V3/28
摘要： An azimuthally tunable resistivity measurement tool is provided. In one embodiment, the tool comprises a set of three skewed receiver antennas and a transmitter antenna. The three skewed receiver antennas are oriented in equally-spaced azimuthal directions to give them preferential sensitivity in those directions. The transmitter antenna transmits a radio-frequency signal that propagates through the formation surrounding a borehole. The signals from the three receiver antennas can be measured and combined to synthesize the signal that would be received by a virtual antenna oriented in any desired direction. Accordingly, virtual receivers oriented perpendicular to the tool axis and with variable azimuthal orientations can be synthesized. The orientation of such a virtual receiver that has a maximized receive signal amplitude can be used to identify the direction of a nearby bed boundary, and the maximized amplitude can be used to estimate the distance to the boundary. In another embodiment, the tool comprises a set of three skewed transmitter antennas and a receiver antenna. The signal responses of the receiver antenna to each of the transmitter antennas can be measured and combined to synthesize a signal response to a virtual transmitter antenna oriented in any desired direction. In yet another embodiment, the tool comprises a set of skewed transmitter antennas and a set of skewed receiver antennas. The skewed transmitter and receiver antennas work cooperatively to establish virtual transmitter/receiver pairs oriented in any desired azimuthal directions.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方位角可调电阻率测量工具。在一个实施例中，该工具包括一组三个倾斜的接收机天线和发射机天线。三个倾斜的接收机天线以等间隔的方位方向定向，以便在这些方向上给予它们优先的灵敏度。发射机天线发射通过围绕钻孔的地层传播的射频信号。可以测量和组合来自三个接收机天线的信号，以合成将由任何所需方向定向的虚拟天线接收的信号。因此，可以合成垂直于工具轴线并具有可变方位取向的虚拟接收器。具有最大接收信号幅度的这种虚拟接收机的方向可用于识别附近床边界的方向，并且可以使用最大幅度来估计到边界的距离。在另一个实施例中，该工具包括一组三个偏斜的发射器天线和一个接收器天线。可以测量并组合接收机天线到每个发射机天线的信号响应，以便合成对于在任何所需方向上定向的虚拟发射机天线的信号响应。在另一个实施例中，该工具包括一组偏斜的发射机天线和一组倾斜的接收机天线。偏斜的发射机和接收机天线协同工作以建立以任何所需方位方向定向的虚拟发射机/接收机对。

9. 发明授权

US06788065B1 Slotted tubulars for subsurface monitoring in directed orientations 有权
标题翻译：用于定向定向的地下监测的开槽管
公开(公告)号：US06788065B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US09689574
申请日：2000-10-12
申请人： Dean Homan , Dzevat Omeragic
发明人： Dean Homan , Dzevat Omeragic
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： Tubulars for monitoring subsurface reservoir characteristics in directed orientations. Elongated tubulars for permanent subsurface disposal are equipped with antennas adapted to transmit or receive electromagnetic energy. A tilted antenna is disposed within a groove on the tubular exterior. The groove includes a sealed opening to allow for passage of electromagnetic energy therethrough and the antenna is disposed within the groove in alignment with the opening such that the antenna is substantially perpendicular to the opening at the intersection. Methods for subsurface reservoir monitoring using the tubulars are also presented.
摘要翻译：用于监测定向方向的地下储层特征的管状体。用于永久地下处理的细长管配备有适于传输或接收电磁能的天线。倾斜的天线设置在管状外部的凹槽内。凹槽包括密封的开口，以允许电磁能量通过其中，并且天线设置在凹槽内，与开口对准，使得天线基本上垂直于相交处的开口。还提出了使用管状物进行地下储层监测的方法。

10. 发明授权

US06480000B1 Device and method for measurement of resistivity outside of a wellpipe 有权
标题翻译：用于测量井筒外电阻率的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06480000B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09719636
申请日：2001-02-27
申请人： Fan-Nian Kong , Harald Westerdahl , Terje Eidesmo , Svein Ellingsrud
发明人： Fan-Nian Kong , Harald Westerdahl , Terje Eidesmo , Svein Ellingsrud
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： E21B47/01 , E21B47/10 , G01V3/30
摘要： The invention is a device for measuring and surveillance of resistivity in a petroleum reservoir in a geological formation with an injection-, observation- or production well comprising an electrically conductive metallic well tubing, with the new and inventive being characterized by the following features: a) an electrical energy source; b) at least one inductive transmitter antenna for electromagnetic waves, fixedly arranged in the well, outside of the well tubing's outer metallic surface; c) at least one series of sensors comprising n inductive resistivity sensors (5a, 5b, . . . , 5n) arranged for receiving the electromagnetic waves and generation of measurement signals, fixedly arranged in the well, by the petroleum reservoir and outside the well tubing's outer metallic surface; and d) a signal conductor for the measurement signals.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于测量和监测地质构造中的石油储层中的电阻率的装置，其中包括导电金属井管的注入，观察或生产井，新的和创造性的特征在于以下特征：a ）电能源; b）至少一个用于电磁波的感应发射器天线，固定地布置在井中，在井管的外部金属表面之外; c）至少一系列传感器，包括n个感应电阻率传感器（5a，5b，...，5n），用于接收电磁波，并由石油储存器和井外固定设置在井中的测量信号的产生管道的外部金属表面; 和d）用于测量信号的信号导体。

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