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1. 发明公开

US20240286180A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR THERMAL DESTRUCTION OF UNDESIRED SUBSTANCES BY SMOLDERING COMBUSTION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240286180A1
公开(公告)日：2024-08-29
申请号：US18377019
申请日：2023-10-05
申请人： CHEVRON U.S.A. INC.
发明人： David G. Thomas , Kanwartej S. Sra , Paul J.H. Bireta , Gabriel P. Sabadell
IPC分类号： B09C1/06 , F23G7/14
CPC分类号： B09C1/06 , F23G7/14 , F23G2209/24
摘要： Porous media containing undesired substances, e.g., perfluoroalkylated substances, are treated by mixing the porous media with a solid fuel comprising organic material. The mixture is heated to 200° C. to 400° C. to initiate smoldering combustion and an oxidizer gas is forced through the heated mixture such that the smoldering combustion is self-sustaining until the mixture reaches a PFAS destructive temperature and the perfluoroalkylated substances are thermally destroyed. A system is provided for conducting the treatment. The system includes a source of wax, wood chips, sawdust, tire scraps, waste rubber compounds, coal, granular activated carbon, solid fat, and combinations thereof as solid fuel. A mixer is provided for mixing the porous media with the solid fuel. An ignition system including static heating elements and a gas blower are provided for forcing heated oxidizer gas through the mixture such that self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the mixture is initiated and sustained.

2. 发明授权

US10835939B2 Systems and methods for thermal destruction of undesired substances by smoldering combustion 有权
公开(公告)号：US10835939B2
公开(公告)日：2020-11-17
申请号：US15608797
申请日：2017-05-30
申请人： Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
发明人： David G. Thomas , Kanwartej S. Sra , Paul J. H. Bireta , Gabriel P. Sabadell
IPC分类号： B09C1/00 , B09C1/08 , B09C1/10 , B09C1/06 , F23G7/14
CPC分类号： B09C1/06 , F23G7/14 , F23G2209/24
摘要： Porous media containing undesired substances, e.g., perfluoroalkylated substances, are treated by mixing the porous media with a solid fuel comprising organic material. The mixture is heated to 200° C. to 400° C. to initiate smoldering combustion and an oxidizer gas is forced through the heated mixture such that the smoldering combustion is self-sustaining until the mixture reaches a PFAS destructive temperature and the perfluoroalkylated substances are thermally destroyed. A system is provided for conducting the treatment. The system includes a source of wax, wood chips, sawdust, tire scraps, waste rubber compounds, coal, granular activated carbon, solid fat, and combinations thereof as solid fuel. A mixer is provided for mixing the porous media with the solid fuel. An ignition system including static heating elements and a gas blower are provided for forcing heated oxidizer gas through the mixture such that self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the mixture is initiated and sustained.

3. 发明申请

US20090005630A1 TREATMENT METHOD AND SOIL TREATMENT METHOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：处理方法和土壤处理方法
公开(公告)号：US20090005630A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-01
申请号：US12100021
申请日：2008-04-09
申请人： Yoshiaki YOKOYAMA , Toru Kodama , Yasuo Mishima , Katuo Takamiya , Tsuyoshi Abe , Hitoshi Mizuno
发明人： Yoshiaki YOKOYAMA , Toru Kodama , Yasuo Mishima , Katuo Takamiya , Tsuyoshi Abe , Hitoshi Mizuno
IPC分类号： A62D3/40
CPC分类号： F23G7/14 , B01D53/002 , B01D53/02 , B01D53/70 , B09B3/00 , B09C1/06 , F23G5/027 , F23G2201/50 , F23G2202/103 , F23G2202/30 , F23G2203/8016 , F23G2205/18 , F23G2205/20 , F23G2209/24 , F23J2215/30 , F23J2219/60 , F23J2219/70
摘要： A treatment method includes heating a treatment target object under reduced pressure in a hermetic zone to vaporize a component of the treatment target object, and opening a hermetic door and inserting a tube from a side of a treatment system for the vaporized component adjoining the hermetic zone with the hermetic door therebetween such that the tube shields the hermetic door from the hermetic zone to introduce the component vaporized from the treatment target object to the treatment system side.
摘要翻译：一种处理方法包括：在密闭区域中减压处理对象物体，使被处理对象物的成分蒸发，将密封门打开并从邻近密封区域的气化成分处理系统一侧插入管其间具有密封门，使得管将密封门从密封区屏蔽，以将从处理目标对象蒸发的部件引入处理系统侧。

4. 发明授权

US06399851B1 Method and apparatus for removing mercury and organic contaminants from soils, sludges and sediments and other inert materials 有权
标题翻译：从土壤，污泥和沉积物等惰性物质中去除汞和有机污染物的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US06399851B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09309798
申请日：1999-05-11
申请人： Herbert Siddle
发明人： Herbert Siddle
IPC分类号： A62D300
CPC分类号： C22B43/00 , C22B7/001 , F23G5/40 , F23G7/14 , F23G2201/301 , F23G2201/50 , F23G2203/60 , F23G2203/8013 , F23G2209/24 , Y02P10/214
摘要： An apparatus for thermally separating mercury and organic contaminants from inert substrate materials (such as soil, sludges, sediments, drilling muds and cuttings), comprising an essentially air-tight processing chamber having a substrate inlet and a substrate outlet, said chamber having two or more troughs for processing of the substrate, a means for indirectly heating the chamber, a means for moving substrate through the two or more throughs of the chamber from the substrate inlet to the substrate outlet, and a vapour condensate handling system for removing and condensing vapours from the chamber for processing to remove and recover contaminants.
摘要翻译：一种用于将汞和有机污染物从惰性底物材料（例如土壤，淤泥，沉积物，钻井泥浆和切屑）中热分离的装置，包括具有基底入口和基底出口的基本上气密的处理室，所述腔室具有两个或用于处理衬底的更多槽，用于间接加热室的装置，用于将衬底从衬底入口移动到衬底出口的衬底通过腔的两个或更多个通道的装置，以及用于去除和冷凝蒸气的蒸气冷凝物处理系统从室中进行处理以去除和回收污染物。

5. 发明申请

US20010002989A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THERMAL STRIPPING AND MOLECULAR DECOMPOSITION FOR WASTE STREAMS 有权
标题翻译：用于废物流的热分解和分子分解的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20010002989A1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-07
申请号：US09136077
申请日：1998-08-18
发明人： ANTHONY S. WAGNER
IPC分类号： B01J008/02 , B01J035/02 , B01J008/08
CPC分类号： B09C1/08 , B01D2257/2022 , B01D2257/2025 , B09B3/00 , B09B3/0083 , B09C1/06 , F23G2201/40 , F23G2201/50 , F23G2209/24
摘要： An apparatus removes water and organic compounds from waste streams such as contaminated soils and refinery tailings by a combination of thermal stripping and molecular decomposition. The apparatus includes at least one unit having a pipe which is preferably heated by induction heating and also having a transport arrangement. The transport arrangement includes a suitable motor and operates to move the waste stream material through the pipe and mix the material to provide uniform heat transfer from the heated pipe. The transport arrangement preferably includes an adjustment mechanism which allows adjustment of the rate at which material moves through the pipe for a given motor speed. The adjustment mechanism also adjusts the mixing provided by the transport arrangement. Several of the treatment units according to the invention may be connected in series to form a multistage device. The initial stages may be operated at temperatures capable of thermally stripping water and light hydrocarbons from the waste stream while the later units may be operated at temperatures to cause remaining organic material to decompose.
摘要翻译：一种装置通过热剥离和分子分解的组合从废物流中除去水和有机化合物，例如污染的土壤和炼厂尾矿。该装置包括至少一个具有管的单元，该管优选地通过感应加热加热并且还具有输送装置。运输装置包括合适的马达并且操作以使废料物质通过管道移动并混合以提供从加热的管道均匀的热传递。输送装置优选地包括调节机构，其允许调整材料在给定的电动机速度下通过管道的速率。调节机构还调节由运输装置提供的混合。根据本发明的几个处理单元可以串联连接以形成多级装置。初始阶段可以在能够从废物流中热分解水和轻质烃的温度下运行，而稍后的单元可以在使得剩余的有机材料分解的温度下操作。

6. 发明授权

US5877394A Method for treating waste containing stainless steel 失效
标题翻译：处理含不锈钢废物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5877394A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-02
申请号：US946549
申请日：1997-10-07
申请人： Stephan T. Kujawa , Daniel M. Battleson , Edward L. Rademacher, Jr. , Patrick V. Cashell , Krag D. Filius , Philip A. Flannery , Clarence G. Whitworth
发明人： Stephan T. Kujawa , Daniel M. Battleson , Edward L. Rademacher, Jr. , Patrick V. Cashell , Krag D. Filius , Philip A. Flannery , Clarence G. Whitworth
IPC分类号： C03B3/00 , C03B5/00 , C03B5/02 , C03B5/14 , C03C1/00 , F23G5/08 , F27B3/08 , F27D99/00 , H05H1/48 , A62D3/00
CPC分类号： F27B3/085 , C03B3/00 , C03B5/005 , C03B5/025 , C03B5/14 , C03C1/002 , F23G5/085 , H05H1/48 , F23G2202/20 , F23G2204/201 , F23G2209/24 , F27D2099/0031 , Y02P40/52
摘要： A centrifugal plasma arc furnace is used to vitrify contaminated soils and other waste materials. An assessment of the characteristics of the waste is performed prior to introducing the waste into the furnace. Based on the assessment, a predetermined amount of iron is added to each batch of waste. The waste is melted in an oxidizing atmosphere into a slag. The added iron is oxidized into Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4. Time of exposure to oxygen is controlled so that the iron does not oxidize into Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3. Slag in the furnace remains relatively non-viscous and consequently it pours out of the furnace readily. Cooled and solidified slag produced by the furnace is very resistant to groundwater leaching. The slag can be safely buried in the earth without fear of contaminating groundwater.
摘要翻译：使用离心等离子弧炉将污染的土壤和其他废料进行玻璃化。在将废物引入炉内之前，对废物的特性进行评估。根据评估，每批废物中加入预定量的铁。废物在氧化气氛中熔化成渣。加入的铁被氧化成Fe3O4。控制暴露于氧气的时间，使铁不会氧化成Fe2O3。炉中的炉渣保持相对不粘，因此容易地从炉中倒出。由炉产生的冷却和固化的炉渣非常耐地下水浸出。炉渣可以安全地埋在地下，而不用担心污染地下水。

7. 发明授权

US5299618A Method for recovering foundry sand by roasting 失效
标题翻译：通过焙烧回收铸造砂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5299618A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-05
申请号：US859316
申请日：1992-05-28
申请人： Pio Fumagalli
发明人： Pio Fumagalli
IPC分类号： B22C5/00 , B22C5/08
CPC分类号： B22C5/08 , F23G2209/24 , F23L2900/07005 , Y02E20/344 , Y10S241/10
摘要： The method permits recovery of spent foundry sand for reuse by eliminating, by combustion, the organic and carbon substances with which the spent sand is impregnated; spent sand, after grinding to a uniform grain size, is placed into a cylindrical container (2) inclined with respect to the vertical and rotated slowly (4-6 revolutions per minute); then, a stream of oxygen is blown into the base of the container through a distributor (5) which uniformly distributes it into the spent sand mass (20), and local combustion is initiated on the surface of the sand mass, at the top of container, by a burner (31); finally the burner is extinguished whilst the delivery of the oxygen stream is maintained and the combustion proceeds and feeds itself by the effect of a progressive descent of the flame front (30) towards the base of the container until complete destruction of the organic and carbon substances contained in the sand has taken place.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / IT90 / 00096 Sec。 371日期：1992年5月28日 102（e）日期1992年5月28日PCT提交1990年11月23日PCT公布。出版物WO91 / 08068 日期1991年6月13日。该方法允许通过消除用于浸渍废砂的有机和碳物质来消除废旧砂轮的再利用。经研磨至均匀粒度的废砂放置在相对于垂直方向倾斜并旋转缓慢（4-6转/分钟）的圆柱形容器（2）中; 然后，通过将均匀分配到废砂体（20）中的分配器（5）将氧气流吹送到容器的基部中，并且在砂体的表面上开始局部燃烧容器，通过燃烧器（31）; 最后，燃烧器熄灭，同时保持氧气流的输送，并且燃烧进行并且通过火焰前沿（30）逐渐下降到容器底部的作用进入自身，直到完全破坏有机和碳物质包含在沙子里已经发生了。

8. 发明授权

US4477331A Method for retorting particulate solids having recoverable volatile constituents in a rotating horizontal chamber 失效
标题翻译：在旋转水平室中蒸馏具有可回收的挥发性成分的颗粒固体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4477331A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-16
申请号：US495423
申请日：1983-05-17
申请人： Leland M. Reed , William A. Reed , Walter C. Saeman
发明人： Leland M. Reed , William A. Reed , Walter C. Saeman
IPC分类号： C10B53/06 , C10G1/02 , F23G5/20 , F23G5/46 , C10G1/00
CPC分类号： F23B1/32 , C10G1/02 , F23G5/20 , F23G5/46 , F23G2209/12 , F23G2209/24
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed for retorting particulate solid materials, particularly hydrocarbon-containing materials such as oil shale, oil sands, tar sands, coal shale, coal tailings, and the like, for the recovery of a volatile constituent such as oil or gas. A rotary retorting apparatus is employed which consists of a cylindrical drum, or other similar regularly shaped chamber, with a substantially horizontal axis of rotation and having multiple compartments for retorting and combustion and, optionally, spent solids cooling. The apparatus further includes solids transport chutes for forward and backward circulation of solids, arranged for the intercompartmental transfer of solids with the capability of additions at one or more points in each compartment. Employing the method and apparatus, particulate solids feedstock is heated by recycled spent solids material to remove the volatile constituent of the feedstock in the retort section. Another feature of the invention employs direct solids-to-gas contact established by lifting and cascading reacting solids through hot gas streams such that throughput, high thermal efficiency, low energy input, among other advantages, are obtained in producing high yields of volatile product. In particular, high oil yields and gas yields are obtained when processing oil shale, but with low sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides in the flue gases and reduced hydrogen sulfide in the retort gases.
摘要翻译：公开了用于蒸馏颗粒状固体材料，特别是含烃材料如油页岩，油砂，焦油砂，煤页岩，煤尾矿等的方法和装置，用于回收挥发性成分如油或气体。旋转式蒸煮设备由圆柱形滚筒或其它类似的规则形状的腔室组成，具有基本上水平的旋转轴线，并且具有用于蒸馏和燃烧的多个隔间，以及任选的废固体冷却。该设备还包括用于固体的正向和反向循环的固体输送滑槽，其被布置用于在每个隔间中的一个或多个点处具有添加能力的固体的间隔间转移。使用该方法和装置，通过再循环的废固体材料来加热颗粒状固体原料，以除去蒸馏段中原料的挥发性成分。本发明的另一个特征是通过将固体通过热气流提升和级联来建立的直接的固体 - 气体接触，从而在产生高产率的挥发性产物方面获得了高产量，高热效率，低能量输入等优点。特别地，当处理油页岩时，获得高油产量和产气量，但是在硫酸气体中，硫氧化物，烟道气中的氮氧化物和还原的硫化氢中都有这些产率。

9. 发明授权

US09168409B2 Thermal treatment of a contaminated volume of material 有权
标题翻译：热处理污染体积的材料
公开(公告)号：US09168409B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-27
申请号：US13673793
申请日：2012-11-09
申请人： David Glynn Thomas , Thomas Reece Peargin , Roderick James Travis
发明人： David Glynn Thomas , Thomas Reece Peargin , Roderick James Travis
IPC分类号： B09C1/06 , A62D3/40 , B09B3/00 , B09C1/08 , E21B21/06 , F23C99/00 , F23G7/14
CPC分类号： A62D3/40 , B09B3/0066 , B09B3/0083 , B09C1/06 , B09C1/08 , E21B21/066 , F23C99/006 , F23G7/14 , F23G2209/24
摘要： A method for treating a volume of porous contaminated material is described. A combustible mixture (24) comprising a porous matrix and a distributed combustible contaminant is conveyed to a reaction vessel (12) having an ignition system (16). The ignition system is activated to initiate a smoldering combustion process in the reaction vessel and an oxidizer is distributed into the reaction vessel to sustain the smoldering combustion process. The porous matrix may comprise drill cuttings (324) with residual drilling fluid.
摘要翻译：描述了一种处理多孔污染物质的方法。包含多孔基质和分布的可燃性污染物的可燃混合物（24）被输送到具有点火系统（16）的反应容器（12）。点火系统被激活以启动反应容器中的阴燃燃烧过程，并且将氧化剂分配到反应容器中以维持阴燃燃烧过程。多孔基质可以包括具有残余钻井液的钻屑（324）。

10. 发明申请

US20100112505A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING OIL DRILLING WASTE 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于加工钻井废物的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100112505A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-06
申请号：US12442891
申请日：2007-09-25
申请人： Antero Pulkkanen
发明人： Antero Pulkkanen
IPC分类号： F27B7/20 , F27D3/00
CPC分类号： C04B18/023 , B09B3/005 , C04B18/049 , C04B33/04 , C04B33/132 , C04B33/1325 , C04B35/62695 , C04B2235/77 , E21B21/068 , F23G5/20 , F23G7/14 , F23G2209/24 , F23G2900/7013 , F27B7/00 , Y02P40/69 , Y02W30/91 , C04B14/06 , C04B14/10
摘要： The invention relates to a method and apparatus for processing oil drilling waste. According to the invention, oil drilling waste of one or more types is selected, and is introduced from the feeding tanks into a rotating kiln; and in the kiln, the oil drilling waste is processed at a temperature of 110 to 13500° C. to form granules having a compact-coated surface.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于加工石油钻探废料的方法和装置。根据本发明，选择一种或多种类型的钻井废料，并从进料罐引入旋转窑; 在窑炉中，在110〜13500℃的温度下对石油钻井废料进行处理，形成具有紧密涂覆表面的颗粒。

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