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1. 发明授权

US08403641B2 Wind turbine blade tip brake apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：风力发电机叶片尖端制动装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US08403641B2
公开(公告)日：2013-03-26
申请号：US12558503
申请日：2009-09-12
申请人： Paul Lewis Gay
发明人： Paul Lewis Gay
IPC分类号： F01D7/02
CPC分类号： F03D7/0228 , F03D7/0252 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/723
摘要： The invention relates to a wind turbine blade tip and actuator assembly and method for controlling the speed of a wind turbine rotor blade. The invention consists of a moveable and turnable blade tip, an actuator assembly for turning the blade tip, control rods, cables and springs for controlling the blade tip, a magnet assembly for holding the blade tip in position and a hydraulic damping cylinder for controlling the rate at which the blade tip deploys.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于控制风力涡轮机转子叶片的速度的风力涡轮机叶片尖端和致动器组件和方法。本发明由可移动和可转动的叶片尖端，用于转动叶片尖端的致动器组件，用于控制叶片尖端的控制棒，电缆和弹簧，用于将叶片尖端保持就位的磁体组件和用于控制叶片尖端的液压阻尼筒叶片尖端部署的速率。

2. 发明授权

US4374631A Windmill speed limiting system utilizing hysteresis 失效
标题翻译：风车速度限制系统利用滞后
公开(公告)号：US4374631A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-22
申请号：US265839
申请日：1981-05-21
申请人： Dale R. Barnes
发明人： Dale R. Barnes
IPC分类号： F03D7/02 , F03D7/04
CPC分类号： F03D7/0252 , F05B2260/74 , F05B2260/75 , F05B2260/77 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/723
摘要： A windmill speed limiting device is provided to prevent the windmill blades from going too fast during conditions of heavy winds. In order to slow down the windmill blades, the tips of the blades are turned relative to the main blade portion at high speeds. After the tips are turned, the windmill blade must return to a safe speed before the tips are returned to their normal position. A hysteresis effect by which the tip portions are rotated to their normal angular position in alignment with the main blade portion is implemented by means of a cam track, a pivot point below the center of the blade and a central spring loaded drum to which each of the blades are connected.
摘要翻译：提供风车限速装置，以防止风车叶片在大风的条件下过快。为了减慢风车叶片的速度，叶片的尖端相对于主叶片部分以高速转动。转向后，风车叶片必须恢复到安全的速度，然后才能恢复正常位置。通过凸轮轨道，位于叶片中心下方的枢轴点和中心弹簧加载的滚筒来实现尖端部分旋转到与主刀片部分对准的正常角位置的滞后效应，叶片连接。

3. 发明授权

US4180372A Wind rotor automatic air brake 失效
标题翻译：风力转子自动空气制动
公开(公告)号：US4180372A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-25
申请号：US773538
申请日：1977-03-02
申请人： Joseph Lippert, Jr.
发明人： Joseph Lippert, Jr.
IPC分类号： F03D7/02 , F03D7/04
CPC分类号： F03D7/0252 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/723
摘要： A spring-loaded pivoting end plate that is hinged such that it is deployed by centrifugal force into the airstream to thereby act as an aerodynamic brake for wind turbines in overspeed conditions. The brake has a stationary portion fixed on the tip of the turbine rotor and a pivoting portion hinged for movement with respect to the fixed portion. The longitudinal centerline of the brake coincides with the chord line of the turbine blade and the pivoting movement is about a hinge axis that is normal to the rotational plane of the turbine. The planform of the brake has a low aspect ratio shape with the ratio of the fore and aft chordwise length to the width being one or greater. The edges of the brake in the normal running condition extend beyond the contour of the turbine blade to serve as an end plate such that the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade is improved thereby.
摘要翻译：铰链的弹簧支承的枢转端板，使得其通过离心力部署到空气流中，从而用作用于超速条件下的风力涡轮机的空气动力学制动器。制动器具有固定在涡轮机转子的尖端上的固定部分和铰接成相对于固定部分运动的枢转部分。制动器的纵向中心线与涡轮机叶片的弦线重合，并且枢转运动围绕垂直于涡轮机的旋转平面的铰链轴线。制动器的平面图具有低纵横比形状，前后弦比长度与宽度之比为一个或更大。制动器在正常运行状态下的边缘延伸超过涡轮机叶片的轮廓以用作端板，从而改善了叶片的空气动力学效率。

4. 发明授权

US3874816A Windmill blade 失效
标题翻译：风车叶片
公开(公告)号：US3874816A
公开(公告)日：1975-04-01
申请号：US40883773
申请日：1973-10-23
申请人： SWEENEY THOMAS E , NIXON WALTER B
发明人： SWEENEY THOMAS E , NIXON WALTER B
IPC分类号： F03D7/02 , F03D7/00
CPC分类号： F03D7/041 , F03D7/0224 , F05B2260/74 , F05B2260/77 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/723
摘要： A windmill blade that has a rigid leading edge, a rigid root portion and a movable blade tip. Control of the geometric twist of the windmill blade is accomplished through proper selection of the axis of rotation for the movable blade tip and by controlling the position of the windmill blade tip with a servo motor or by controlling the position of the windmill blade tip with a spring and a weight. The ability to vary the geometric twist of the blade enables the frequency of rotation of the blade to be controlled to reduce wind drags upon the blade. This improved windmill blade eliminates the need for current complicated and expensive rotor hubs which are used to vary the blade pitch angle at the root end of the blade to reduce wind drag upon the blade.
摘要翻译：具有刚性前缘，刚性根部分和可动叶片尖端的风车叶片。风车叶片的几何扭转的控制是通过适当地选择用于可动叶片尖端的旋转轴线并通过用伺服马达控制风车叶片尖端的位置或者通过控制风车叶片尖端的位置来实现的春天和体重。改变叶片的几何扭曲的能力使得能够控制叶片的旋转频率以减少叶片上的风拖动。这种改进的风车叶片消除了对当前复杂且昂贵的转子毂的需要，其用于改变叶片根部端部处的叶片桨距角以减小叶片上的风阻力。

5. 发明授权

US5730581A Rotor blade 失效
标题翻译：转子叶片
公开(公告)号：US5730581A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US691459
申请日：1996-08-02
申请人： Andreas Buter , Matthias Piening
发明人： Andreas Buter , Matthias Piening
IPC分类号： B64C27/615 , F03D1/06 , F03D7/02 , F04D29/18
CPC分类号： B64C27/615 , F03D1/065 , F03D7/0248 , B64C2027/7277 , B64C2027/7283 , F05B2240/30 , F05B2260/76 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/721 , Y02E10/723 , Y02T50/34
摘要： A rotor blade made of fiber-reinforced synthetic resin has a profile which, at least in the region of the blade tip is designed so as to be twistable by actuators about the rotor blade longitudinal axis. The torsion skin of the rotor blade in the region of the blade tip is designed anisotropically in the sense of a tension/torsion coupling and a controllable actuator, which acts in a longitudinal direction of the rotor blade upon the rotor blade tip, is disposed in the rotor blade spar. To achieve anisotropy, the torsion skin is a uni-directional winding having a winding angle of less than 45.degree. relative to the rotor blade longitudinal axis. The winding angle is dependent upon the force-to-displacement ratio of the actuator and may lie between 18.degree. and 40.degree.. In the region of the blade tip, the anisotropic torsion skin is disposed resting loosely on the rotor blade spar.
摘要翻译：由纤维增强合成树脂制成的转子叶片的轮廓至少在叶片尖端的区域被设计成可以通过致动器围绕转子叶片纵向轴线扭转。在叶片尖端区域中的转子叶片的扭转皮肤在张力/扭转联接的意义上是各向异性地设计的，并且可控致动器在转子叶片的纵向方向上作用在转子叶片尖端上，转子叶片翼梁。为了实现各向异性，扭转皮肤是相对于转子叶片纵向轴线具有小于45度的卷绕角度的单向绕组。卷绕角度取决于执行器的力与位移比，可能在18°和40°之间。在叶片尖端的区域中，各向异性扭转皮肤被松散地设置在转子叶片翼梁上。

6. 发明授权

US4715782A Hydraulic control device for wind turbine 失效
标题翻译：风力发电机液压控制装置
公开(公告)号：US4715782A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-29
申请号：US812975
申请日：1985-12-24
申请人： David M. Shimmel
发明人： David M. Shimmel
IPC分类号： F03D7/02 , F03D7/04
CPC分类号： F03D7/0252 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/723
摘要： A hydraulic speed control device for limiting the speed of a wind turbine rotor by controlling the deployment of rotor braking devices includes four fluidicly interconnected elements: one or more fluid cylinders, a relief valve, an accumulator, and a check valve. Each of the fluid cylinders is mechanically coupled between a blade and an associated rotor braking device, and controls the movement of the rotor braking device between its aligned and braking positions. The relief valve opens to fluidicly connect the fluid cylinders and the accumulator when the rotational speed of the rotor exceeds a limit value. The accumulator receives fluid through the relief valve when the relief valve opens, thereby reducing the fluid pressure in the fluid cylinders and allowing the rotor braking devices to move from their aligned positions to their braking positions. The check valve permits fluid flow from the accumulator toward the fluid cylinders to return the rotor braking devices to their aligned positions when the rotational speed of the rotor has sufficiently slowed.
摘要翻译：用于通过控制转子制动装置的部署来限制风力涡轮机转子的速度的液压速度控制装置包括四个流体相互连接的元件：一个或多个流体缸，安全阀，蓄能器和止回阀。每个液压缸机械地联接在叶片和相关联的转子制动装置之间，并且控制转子制动装置在其对准和制动位置之间的移动。当转子的转速超过极限值时，安全阀打开以流体连接液压缸和蓄能器。当安全阀打开时，蓄能器通过安全阀接收流体，从而降低流体缸中的流体压力，并允许转子制动装置从其对准的位置移动到其制动位置。止回阀允许流体从蓄能器流向流体缸，当转子的旋转速度已经足够减慢时，使转子制动装置返回到其对准的位置。

7. 发明授权

US4575309A Wind turbines 失效
标题翻译：风力发电机
公开(公告)号：US4575309A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-11
申请号：US613089
申请日：1984-05-22
申请人： Allan W. Brown
发明人： Allan W. Brown
IPC分类号： F03D7/02 , F03D7/04
CPC分类号： F03D7/0252 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/723
摘要： A wind turbine having the tips of the blades pivotable to a position in which they act as brakes to slow the turbine down. The pivoting is caused by relative axial movement of the tip and main blade portions which is caused by the action of a spring. The spring action is normally overcome by a hydraulic actuator 16. When the hydraulic pressure exceeds a threshold value corresponding to a desired limit rotational speed of the turbine a pressure switch 83 causes a pressure release valve 84 to dump the fluid pressure in the hydraulic actuator 16, thus allowing the spring to operate and cause the pivoting of the tip.
摘要翻译：一种具有叶片尖端的风力涡轮机，其可枢转到其作为制动器的位置，以减慢涡轮机的下降。枢转是由于由弹簧的作用引起的尖端和主叶片部分的相对轴向运动引起的。弹簧动作通常由液压致动器16克服。当液压压力超过对应于涡轮机的期望极限转速的阈值时，压力开关83使压力释放阀84将流体压力转储到液压致动器16中，从而允许弹簧操作并引起尖端的枢转。

8. 发明授权

US4355955A Wind turbine rotor speed control system 失效
标题翻译：风力发电机转子转速控制系统
公开(公告)号：US4355955A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-26
申请号：US251292
申请日：1981-04-06
申请人： Adrian V. Kisovec
发明人： Adrian V. Kisovec
IPC分类号： F03D7/02 , F03D7/04
CPC分类号： F03D7/0252 , F05B2260/74 , F05B2260/75 , F05B2260/77 , F05B2260/9011 , F05B2270/3201 , F05B2270/328 , Y02E10/723
摘要： A wind turbine rotor speed control for ensuring a constant rotational speed within tight tolerances includes a self-sufficient rotor (16) incorporating aerodynamic and mechanical devices to provide the control. There is a fixed turbine blade (26) adapted to be mounted on a shaft (14) for rotation therewith, the fixed blade (26) having pivotal blade tips (28) at its respective ends. The pitch control of the blade tips regulates the rotor speed. Aerodynamic tabs (180) are pivotally secured adjacent each of the ends of the respective trailing edges (34, 36) of the fixed blade. The relative wind acts on each tab which is connected to a series of links (188-168) and pitch cams (86) to regulate the pitch of the blade tips from a feathered position (210), to a cut-in position (212), to a rated wind position, and vice-versa. There are torque cams (60) actuated by torsional strain on the shaft bearing which is connected to the shaft (14) and to the pitch cams (86) by a series of links ( 52, 54) so that as the wind approaches its rated velocity value the pitch cams (86) become ineffective (228) and the torque cams (60) take over the speed control. There are also overspeed centrifugal devices (80) connected to the pitch cams (86) to cause the blade tips (28) to feather in emergency overspeed conditions so as to stop the rotor (16).
摘要翻译：用于确保紧密公差内的恒定转速的风力涡轮机转子速度控制包括一个自给自足的转子（16），其结合了空气动力学和机械装置来提供控制。有一个固定的涡轮机叶片（26）适于安装在一个与其一起转动的轴（14）上，固定叶片（26）在其各自的端部具有枢转叶片尖端（28）。叶片尖端的俯仰控制调节转子速度。靠近固定刀片的相应后缘（34,36）的每个端部枢转地固定有气动翼片（180）。相对的风作用在连接到一系列连杆（188-168）和俯仰凸轮（86）的每个翼片上，以将叶片尖端的俯仰从顺桨位置（210）调节到切入位置（212 ）到额定风位，反之亦然。通过一系列连杆（52,54）连接到轴（14）和连接到俯仰凸轮（86）的轴承上的扭转凸轮（60）由扭转应力致动，使得当风接近其额定速度值，俯仰凸轮（86）变得无效（228），扭矩凸轮（60）接管速度控制。还有连接到俯仰凸轮（86）上的超速离心装置（80），以使得叶片尖端（28）在紧急超速状态下羽化以便停止转子（16）。

9. 发明授权

US4319865A Windmill 失效
标题翻译：风车
公开(公告)号：US4319865A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-16
申请号：US50169
申请日：1979-06-20
申请人： Joseph G. Richard
发明人： Joseph G. Richard
IPC分类号： F03D1/06 , F03D7/02 , F03D7/04
CPC分类号： F03D7/0224 , F03D1/0608 , F05B2240/2211 , F05B2240/33 , F05B2260/74 , F05B2260/77 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/721 , Y02E10/723
摘要： There is disclosed in the present application a wind wheel having a set of movable vanes whose orientation with respect to the plane of the wheel is changed automatically to limit the speed to a safe level in winds of high velocity. The wheel is constructed and shipped in segments and is especially adapted for ease of assembly and truing for minimal eccentricity and lateral run-out.
摘要翻译：在本申请中公开了一种风轮，其具有一组可动叶片，其相对于车轮平面的取向自动改变，以将速度限制在高速风中的安全水平。轮子构造和分段运输，特别适用于易于组装和修整，以最小的偏心率和侧向流出。

10. 发明授权

US09470209B2 Centrifugally driven aerodynamic rotor blade brake assembly 有权
标题翻译：离心式空气动力转子叶片制动总成
公开(公告)号：US09470209B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-18
申请号：US14269934
申请日：2014-05-05
申请人： DEKA Products Limited Partnership
发明人： Dean Kamen , Christopher C. Langenfeld , Stanley B. Smith , Christopher M. Werner
IPC分类号： F03D7/02 , F03D7/04 , F04D29/38
CPC分类号： F03D7/0252 , F03D7/0244 , F03D7/04 , F04D29/38 , F05B2260/901 , F05B2260/9011 , Y02E10/723
摘要： An aerodynamic brake assembly for use with an airfoil such as the blade of a wind turbine rotor comprises deployable upper and/or lower spoiler plates incorporated in or attached to the airfoil. The spoiler plates can deploy under the influence of centrifugal forces when the rotating airfoil or rotor blade reaches a pre-determined rotational speed. The aerodynamic brake assembly may be integrated within the airfoil or attached to the tip of the airfoil such that, when not deployed, the upper and lower spoiler plates have a profile that approximately conforms to the profile of the part of the airfoil to which it the brake assembly is attached. Failsafe deployment of the spoiler plates can occur either upon loss of power to the mechanism, or when the centrifugal force associated with an overspeed condition of the rotor overcomes the holding force of an electromagnet or solenoid.
摘要翻译：用于诸如风力涡轮机转子叶片的机翼的空气动力学制动组件包括结合在翼型件中或连接到翼型件上的可展开的上部和/或下部扰流板。当旋转翼型或转子叶片达到预定转速时，扰流板可在离心力的作用下展开。空气动力学制动器组件可以集成在翼型内或附接到翼型的末端，使得当未展开时，上部和下部扰流板具有近似符合翼型部分的轮廓的轮廓，制动器组件被连接。扰流板的故障安全部署可能在机构失去动力时发生，或者当与转子的超速状态相关联的离心力克服了电磁铁或螺线管的保持力时。

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