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1. 发明授权

US09447541B2 Process for treating cellulose and cellulose treated according to the process 有权
标题翻译：用于处理根据该方法处理的纤维素和纤维素的方法
公开(公告)号：US09447541B2
公开(公告)日：2016-09-20
申请号：US14116590
申请日：2012-05-11
申请人： Isto Heiskanen , Kaj Backfolk , Ari Kotilainen , Valentas Gaidelis , Jonas Sidaravicius
发明人： Isto Heiskanen , Kaj Backfolk , Ari Kotilainen , Valentas Gaidelis , Jonas Sidaravicius
IPC分类号： B01D61/56 , D21C9/18 , C02F11/00 , D21C9/00 , D21H11/18 , C02F1/469 , C02F11/12
CPC分类号： D21C9/18 , B01D61/56 , C02F1/4698 , C02F11/006 , C02F11/12 , D21C9/001 , D21C9/007 , D21H11/18
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for purifying a slurry comprising cellulose, such as microfibrillated cellulose, wherein the process comprises the following steps: —providing a slurry comprising cellulose and liquid, —subjecting the slurry to an electric field inducing the liquid of the slurry to flow, —separating the liquid from the cellulose thus obtaining a liquid depleted slurry, —adding a washing liquid, such as an organic solvent, to the liquid depleted slurry—subjecting the liquid depleted slurry to an electric field inducing the washing liquid of the slurry to flow and—separating the washing liquid from the cellulose, thus obtaining a purified cellulose. The invention also relates to cellulose such as microfibrillated cellulose obtainable from said process.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于纯化包含纤维素如微纤化纤维素的浆料的方法，其中该方法包括以下步骤： - 提供包含纤维素和液体的浆料， - 将浆料喷射到诱导浆液液体的电场将液体从纤维素中分离出来，从而获得液体贫化的浆料，并将洗涤液体如有机溶剂加入到液体贫化的浆料中，使得液体贫化的浆料经受电场诱导洗涤液浆液使洗涤液从纤维素中流出并分离，得到纯化的纤维素。本发明还涉及可从所述方法获得的纤维素如微纤化纤维素。

2. 发明申请

US20160115045A1 PURIFICATION OF ULTRA-HIGH SALINE AND CONTAMINATED WATER BY MULTI-STAGE ION CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION (ICP) DESALINATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：通过多级离子浓缩（ICP）脱盐来净化超高盐度和污染水
公开(公告)号：US20160115045A1
公开(公告)日：2016-04-28
申请号：US14920992
申请日：2015-10-23
申请人： Massachusetts Institute of Technology
发明人： Bumjoo Kim , Jongyoon Han , Rhokyun Kwak
IPC分类号： C02F1/469
CPC分类号： C02F1/4695 , B01D61/42 , C02F1/4604 , C02F1/469 , C02F1/4698 , C02F2101/10 , C02F2101/30 , C02F2101/32 , C02F2103/08 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2301/04 , C02F2301/08
摘要： A water stream is passed between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), forming an ion depletion and ion enrichment zones when an electric field is applied. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. Trifurcation of the output channel allows collection of concentrated, dilute and intermediate streams, with the intermediate stream serving as input to the next stage of a serialized implementation.
摘要翻译：在两相并列的类似离子交换膜（AEM或CEM）之间通过水流，当施加电场时形成离子耗尽和离子富集区。当阳离子选择性地通过CEM转移时，例如，阴离子被重新定位以实现电中性，导致离子耗尽（富集）区域的浓度下降（增加）。输出通道的分流允许收集浓缩的稀释和中间流，中间流用作序列化实施的下一阶段的输入。

3. 发明申请

US20140318972A1 DESALINATION AND PURIFICATION SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：脱盐净化系统
公开(公告)号：US20140318972A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-30
申请号：US14325423
申请日：2014-07-08
申请人： Massachusetts Institute of Technology
发明人： Martin Zdenek Bazant , EthelMae Victoria Dydek , Daosheng Deng , Ali Mani
IPC分类号： C02F1/469
CPC分类号： C02F1/4695 , B01D61/42 , B01D61/425 , B01D61/427 , B01D61/44 , B01D61/445 , B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/485 , B01D61/50 , B01D63/06 , B01D2313/345 , C02F1/46109 , C02F1/46114 , C02F1/469 , C02F1/4691 , C02F1/4693 , C02F1/4698 , C02F2001/46161 , C02F2201/4611 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/4613 , C02F2201/46165 , C02F2305/08 , Y02A20/131 , Y02A20/134 , Y02W10/37
摘要： A liquid electrolyte can be desalinated and purified using a system that includes a first electrode and a configuration selected from (a) a second electrode and at least one distinct ion-selective boundary and (b) a second electrode that also serves as the ion-selective boundary. The ion-selective boundary is contained in the liquid conduit adjacent to a porous medium that defines pore channels filled with the liquid and that have a surface charge, and the charge of the ion-selective boundary and the surface charge of the pore channels share the same sign. A liquid including at least one charged species flows through the pore channels, forming a thin diffuse electrochemical double layer at an interface of the liquid and the charged surface of the pore channels. A voltage differential is applied between the electrodes across the porous medium to draw ions in the liquid to the electrodes to produce brine at the electrodes and to create a shock in the dissolved-ion concentration in the bulk volume of the liquid within the pore channels, wherein a depleted zone with a substantially reduced concentration of dissolved ions forms in the liquid bulk volume between the shock and the ion-selective boundary.
摘要翻译：可以使用包括第一电极和选自（a）第二电极和至少一个不同的离子选择性边界的构造的系统对液体电解质进行脱盐和纯化，以及（b）也用作离子交换膜的第二电极，选择性边界。离子选择性边界包含在与多孔介质相邻的液体管道中，该多孔介质限定填充有液体的孔隙通道，并且具有表面电荷，并且孔隙通道的离子选择性边界和表面电荷的电荷共享相同的标志。包含至少一种带电荷的物质的液体流过孔道，在液体和孔道的带电表面的界面处形成薄的漫射电化学双层。在电极之间穿过多孔介质施加电压差以将液体中的离子吸引到电极以在电极处产生盐水并且产生在孔隙通道内的液体的体积体积中的溶解离子浓度的冲击，其中在冲击和离子选择性边界之间的液体本体体积中形成具有基本上降低的溶解离子浓度的贫化区。

4. 发明申请

US20140174928A1 METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR FILTERING WATER FLUID BY SCREENING IONIC MINERALS 有权
标题翻译：通过筛选离子矿来过滤水流体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20140174928A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-26
申请号：US14043732
申请日：2013-10-01
申请人： The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
发明人： Kee-Hyun Paik , Yang Liu , Vincent Tabard-Cossa , Robert W. Dutton
IPC分类号： C02F1/469
CPC分类号： C02F1/4698 , B01D63/088 , B01D71/02 , B01L3/502738 , B01L3/502753 , B01L3/502761 , B01L3/56 , B01L2200/0647 , B01L2300/0864 , B01L2400/0418 , B01L2400/0421 , B01L2400/0487 , B01L2400/0627 , G01N33/48721
摘要： Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward apparatus and methods method for filtering water fluid by screening ionic minerals including sodium chloride from the water fluid. In one embodiment, the water fluid is passed into a work zone defined at least in part by oppositely-arranged first and second porous structures, each of which have a plurality of gated channels. The water fluid is processed in the work zone by applying respective electric voltages to electrically bias the first porous structure and the second porous structure. The respective electric voltages deplete sodium chloride ions in the water fluid in the work zone due to ion-flux continuity. In response to processing of the water fluid, ion-filtered water is collected from the work zone.
摘要翻译：本公开的各个方面涉及通过从水流体中筛选包括氯化钠的离子性矿物来过滤水流体的装置和方法方法。在一个实施例中，水流体被传送到至少部分地由相对布置的第一和第二多孔结构限定的工作区域中，每个多孔结构具有多个门控通道。通过施加各自的电压来对工作区域中的水流进行处理，以使第一多孔结构和第二多孔结构电偏置。相应的电压由于离子通量的连续性而在工作区内的水流体中消耗氯化钠离子。响应于水流体的处理，从工作区收集离子过滤的水。

5. 发明申请

US20140008229A1 Method And Apparatus For Treating Tailings Using Alternating Current 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用交流电处理尾矿的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20140008229A1
公开(公告)日：2014-01-09
申请号：US13765924
申请日：2013-02-13
申请人： DPRA CANADA INCORPORATED
发明人： Paul Garcia , Bruce S. Beattie , Ben Harris , Doug Kimzey , Robert C. Parrott , James Micak
IPC分类号： C02F1/48
CPC分类号： C02F1/48 , C02F1/04 , C02F1/4698 , C02F2101/325 , C02F2103/10 , C02F2201/46135 , C02F2201/4615 , C02F2201/46175 , C02F2209/09
摘要： There is a method described of treating tailings which are composed of at least some water and clay particles. Within the tailings, at least some water molecules are weakly bond to the clay particles to form a gel like fluid from which water does not readily separate. An alternating current is applied to the tailings to change the electro-chemical properties of the tailings to reduce the weak bonding between the water and the clay particles so that water within the treated tailings is able to separate. Water within the treated tailings is then allowed to separate without further application of electricity. In some embodiments, the treated tailings are allowed to separate through evaporation. Liquid tailings may also be treated with alternating current by applying alternating current to the liquid tailings at a voltage gradient range of 1 to 5 V/cm for a total duration of 24 to 300 hours. The application of alternating current may further comprise applying alternating current at a frequency of 1 to 30 Hz.
摘要翻译：有一种处理由至少一些水和粘土颗粒组成的尾矿的方法。在尾矿中，至少一些水分子与粘土颗粒很弱地结合，形成凝胶，如水不容易分离出来的凝胶。向尾矿施加交流电流以改变尾矿的电化学性质，以减少水和粘土颗粒之间的弱结合，使得经处理的尾矿中的水能够分离。然后允许经处理的尾矿中的水分离，无需进一步施加电力。在一些实施方案中，经处理的尾矿经蒸发分离。液态尾矿也可以用交流电处理，通过在1至5V / cm的电压梯度范围内向液体尾矿施加交流电，总持续时间为24至300小时。交流电的应用还可以包括以1至30Hz的频率施加交流电。

6. 发明申请

US20130015070A1 DRUM-TYPE ELECTRO-OSMOSIS DEHYDRATOR CAPABLE OF REDUCING ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BY DECREASING GAP BETWEEN POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ELECTRODES 有权
标题翻译：可以通过放电电极和负极电极之间的电弧消耗来降低电力消耗的鼓型电电动除菌器
公开(公告)号：US20130015070A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-17
申请号：US13574904
申请日：2011-09-30
申请人： Sang Joon Lee
发明人： Sang Joon Lee
IPC分类号： B01D61/56
CPC分类号： C02F1/4698 , B01D61/427 , C02F11/006 , C02F11/123 , C02F2201/4617
摘要： Provided is an electro-osmosis dehydrator, which includes a sludge supplying part disposed in a central upper portion thereof, and including a rotating part and two rollers disposed under the rotating part, a drum disposed under the sludge supplying part to receive sludge, and having a cylindrical shape rotating about an axis thereof, wherein an inner circumference of the drum is charged negatively or positively by direct current power, a caterpillar part spaced a certain distance from the drum, and moving along an endless track, wherein the caterpillar part includes a power applying part charged with polarity opposite to that of the drum by direct current power, a filtering fabric disposed under the power applying part, a caterpillar disposed under the filtering fabric, and including a plurality of holes, a vinyl part disposed between the filtering fabric and the caterpillar to prevent the sludge from passing through the caterpillar, and a chain disposed under the caterpillar, and a plurality of idle sprocket parts disposed on the inside of the caterpillar part, and engaging with the chain to drive the caterpillar part. A filtering fabric is removed from the space between positive and negative electrodes so as to decrease the gap therebetween, thereby reducing electricity consumption.
摘要翻译：提供一种电渗脱水器，其包括设置在其中央上部的污泥供给部，并且包括设置在旋转部下方的旋转部和两个辊，设置在污泥供给部下方以容纳污泥的鼓，具有围绕其轴线旋转的圆柱形形状，其中滚筒的内圆周由直流动力负或正地充电，与鼓相隔一定距离的履带部分并沿着环形轨道移动，其中履带部分包括通过直流电力充电与鼓的极性相反的功率施加部分，布置在功率施加部分下方的过滤织物，设置在过滤织物下方的毛毛虫，并且包括多个孔，设置在过滤织物之间的乙烯基部分和毛虫，以防止污泥通过毛毛虫，以及设在毛毛虫下面的链条设置在履带部分内侧的惰轮链轮零件的啮合，并与链条啮合以驱动履带部分。从正极和负极之间的空间去除过滤织物，从而减小它们之间的间隙，从而减少电力消耗。

7. 发明申请

US20070267355A1 Waste and Tailings Dewatering Treatment System and Method 审中-公开
标题翻译：废弃物和尾矿脱水处理系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070267355A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-22
申请号：US10583306
申请日：2004-12-20
申请人： Colin John Jones , John Lamont-Black , Stephanie Glendinning , Andries Fourie
发明人： Colin John Jones , John Lamont-Black , Stephanie Glendinning , Andries Fourie
IPC分类号： B01D61/56 , B01D17/06 , C02F1/469 , C02F1/48 , B01D35/06
CPC分类号： B01D61/56 , B01D35/06 , B01D57/02 , C02F1/469 , C02F1/4696 , C02F1/4698 , C02F11/12 , C02F2001/46133 , C02F2001/46138 , C02F2103/10
摘要： An apparatus and method are described for reducing the liquid content of a material comprising a particulate/liquid dispersion or suspension, in particular comprising a dispersion or suspension of inorganic particles being a byproduct of mining, manufacturing or other industrial processes. The apparatus comprising a receiving zone to contain the material, at least one pair of electrodes spaced apart within the receiving zone, means to apply potential difference thereacross and hence across the material in use to drive electrokinetic dewatering, and drainage means to enable removal of water, wherein at least one of the electrodes comprises a textile or other synthetic material at least in part associated with a conductor so as to constitute where so associated a conducting electrokinetic textile or other synthetic material. The method makes use of the apparatus, in situ or at a remote site either as a batch or continuous process.
摘要翻译：描述了用于降低包含颗粒/液体分散体或悬浮液的材料的液体含量的装置和方法，特别地包括作为采矿，制造或其它工业过程的副产物的无机颗粒的分散体或悬浮液。所述设备包括容纳该材料的接收区域，在接收区域内间隔开的至少一对电极，意味着在使用中施加电势差，从而跨越所使用的材料以驱动电动脱水，以及排水装置以使得能够除去水其中至少一个电极包括至少部分地与导体相关联的织物或其它合成材料，以便构成与导电电动织物或其它合成材料相关的位置。该方法在原位或远程站点作为批次或连续过程使用该设备。

8. 发明申请

US20050199499A1 Process and apparatus for treating sludge 失效
标题翻译：处理污泥的工艺和设备
公开(公告)号：US20050199499A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-15
申请号：US10915491
申请日：2004-08-11
申请人： Abderrazak Berrak , Abderrahmane Dermoune
发明人： Abderrazak Berrak , Abderrahmane Dermoune
IPC分类号： C02F1/00 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/463 , C02F1/469 , C02F11/00 , B01D57/02
CPC分类号： C02F1/469 , C02F1/463 , C02F1/4698 , C02F11/006 , C02F2001/46123 , C02F2001/46133 , C02F2001/46152 , C02F2101/105 , C02F2101/16 , C02F2103/20 , C02F2103/22 , C02F2201/4615 , C02F2209/06 , C02F2301/066
摘要： The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating sludge comprising electrodes including at least one anode and at least one cathode. The electrodes define therebetween a space adapted to receive the sludge so as to submit the sludge disposed within the space to an electric current, thereby dehydrating the sludge and generating an effluent. The apparatus also comprises an inlet for receiving the sludge and an outlet for evacuating the treated sludge. The inlet and the outlet are in communication with the space. The apparatus also comprises compression means for compacting the sludge so as to permit a contact substantially constant between the electrodes and the sludge when the sludge is submitted to the electric current and rotated around a rotation axis. The invention also relates to a process for treating sludge. The invention is useful for treating various types of sludge in order to dehydrate and decontaminate the sludge.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于处理污泥的装置，其包括至少一个阳极和至少一个阴极的电极。电极在其间界定适于接收污泥的空间，以将设置在该空间内的污泥提供给电流，从而使污泥脱水并产生流出物。该设备还包括用于接收污泥的入口和用于抽出经处理的污泥的出口。入口和出口与空间连通。该装置还包括用于压实污泥的压缩装置，以便当污泥被接受电流并围绕旋转轴旋转时允许电极和污泥之间的接触基本恒定。本发明还涉及一种处理污泥的方法。本发明可用于处理各种污泥以使污泥脱水和去污。

9. 发明授权

US5725748A Process and installation for treating cellulose waste lye 失效
标题翻译：纤维素废液碱处理和安装
公开(公告)号：US5725748A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-10
申请号：US898163
申请日：1997-07-22
申请人： Burkhard Brandt , Gerhard Born
发明人： Burkhard Brandt , Gerhard Born
IPC分类号： B01D61/42 , C02F1/469 , D21C11/00 , B01D61/44
CPC分类号： B01D61/425 , B01D61/427 , C02F1/469 , D21C11/0007 , D21C11/0042 , C02F1/4698 , C02F2201/46115
摘要： In a process for an electrochemical treatment of cellulose waste lye, mass transport takes place through a diaphragm or membrane between a cathode chamber and an anode chamber, and optionally through a middle chamber. Cationogenic components are removed from cellulose waste lye containing lignin sulfonates and being located in at least one of the chambers. Lignin sulfonic acids are produced from the waste lye. In an installation for an electrochemical treatment of cellulose waste lye, at least one diaphragm divides at least one reaction vessel into at least one cathode chamber and at least one anode chamber. At least one cathode electrode is disposed in the at least one cathode chamber, and at least one anode electrode is disposed in the at least one anode chamber. The at least one cathode electrode is formed of iron or aluminum and the at least one anode electrode is formed of special steel, in particular V4A steel. A lignin sulfonic acid of extensively uniform molecular mass distribution and extensively replicable three-dimensional molecular structure and subsequent products recovered from the lignin sulfonic acid are produced by the process and the installation.
摘要翻译：在纤维素废液碱化的电化学处理过程中，通过阴极室和阳极室之间的隔膜或隔膜，并且任选地通过中间室进行质量传输。阳离子成分从含木质素磺酸盐的纤维素废液中除去并位于至少一个室中。木质素磺酸是从废液中产生的。在用于电化学处理纤维素废液的设备中，至少一个隔膜将至少一个反应容器分成至少一个阴极室和至少一个阳极室。至少一个阴极电极设置在所述至少一个阴极室中，并且至少一个阳极电极设置在所述至少一个阳极室中。所述至少一个阴极由铁或铝形成，并且所述至少一个阳极由特殊钢，特别是V4A钢形成。通过该方法和安装，制备了大量均匀的分子质量分布和广泛可复制的三维分子结构的木质素磺酸和从木质素磺酸中回收的后续产物。

10. 发明授权

US3718559A Electrogel process for removing electrolytes and concentrating the same from an aqueous solution 失效
标题翻译：电解质去除电解质并将其从浓度溶液中浓缩的方法
公开(公告)号：US3718559A
公开(公告)日：1973-02-27
申请号：US3718559D
申请日：1970-03-27
申请人： WALLACE R
发明人： WALLACE R
IPC分类号： A23L2/70 , B01D61/42 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/10 , C02F1/28 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/469 , D21C11/00
CPC分类号： B01D61/44 , A23L2/70 , B01D2311/2626 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/103 , C02F1/281 , C02F1/4604 , C02F1/469 , C02F1/4693 , C02F1/4698 , C02F2201/46115 , D21C11/0042
摘要： An electrolytic continuous method for simultaneously removing electrolytes from aqueous solution and concentrating the electrolytes produced therefrom which comprises subjecting an aqueous electrolyte solution to contact with an inorganic oxide gel under the influence of an electrical field, allowing the electrolyte to be sorbed by the gel until a point of saturation is achieved, whereby the electrolyte is exuded from said gel and then recovering the resultant electrolyte exudate from said gel. Conveniently, the apparatus comprises at least one electrolyte concentrating unit comprising an inorganic oxide gel core encased within an open module having a bottom wall and a pair of parallel opposing sides and opposing end walls and whose opposing sides further comprise a cation-permeable membrane and an anionpermeable membrane, respectively, and a source of an applied electrical field.
摘要翻译：一种用于从水溶液中同时除去电解质并浓缩由其制备的电解质的电解连续方法，其包括在电场的影响下使电解质水溶液与无机氧化物凝胶接触，使电解质被凝胶吸收直至达到饱和点，由此电解质从所述凝胶渗出，然后从所述凝胶中回收所得的电解质渗出物。方便地，该装置包括至少一个电解质浓缩单元，其包含封装在开放模块内的无机氧化物凝胶芯，其具有底壁和一对平行的相对侧面和相对的端壁，并且其相对侧面还包含阳离子可渗透膜和阴离子透过膜，以及施加电场的源。

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