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1. 发明授权

US10486969B2 Balanced closed loop continuous extraction process for hydrogen isotopes 有权
公开(公告)号：US10486969B2
公开(公告)日：2019-11-26
申请号：US14294033
申请日：2014-06-02
申请人： Kurion, Inc. , Nuclear Sources and Services, Inc.
发明人： Christopher Robert Shmayda , Robert D. Gallagher
IPC分类号： C01B4/00 , B01D59/32 , G21F9/12 , G21C19/307
CPC分类号： C01B4/00 , B01D59/32 , G21C19/307 , G21F9/12
摘要： A system and method for tritium separation systems using a mixed bed catalytic exchange process in a Liquid Phase Catalytic Exchange/Closed Loop Continuous Process (LPCE/CLCP) system, that operates as a low temperature and low pressure continuous balanced process, designed to rapidly, economically and safely extract and isolate isotope specific products without generating unwanted products in the form of new waste streams.

2. 发明申请

US20130336870A1 Advanced Tritium System for Separation of Tritium from Radioactive Wastes and Reactor Water in Light Water Systems 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于在轻水系统中分离氚与放射性废物和反应堆水的高级氚系统
公开(公告)号：US20130336870A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-19
申请号：US13863206
申请日：2013-04-15
申请人： Kurion, Inc.
发明人： Mark S. Denton , Walter T. Shmayda
IPC分类号： B01D59/30
CPC分类号： B01D59/30 , B01D59/32 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/00 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/725 , C02F2101/006 , C02F2103/18 , G21F9/06 , G21G1/001 , G21G4/00 , G21G2001/0094
摘要： Systems, methods, and processes for a high throughput, low concentration processing of low activity tritiated light water include the electrolysis of at least some of the tritiated water to produce hydrogen and tritium gas. The hydrogen and tritium gas produced by electrolysis in some cases are combined with heated water vapor to increase throughput and passed through a liquid phase catalytic exchange column, which generally includes a catalyst that includes palladium coated with a hydrophobic polymer. As the hydrogen and tritium gas, along with heated water vapor, rise through the LPCE column, the tritium is retained on the catalyst. Deionized wash water passes down the column (i.e., in the opposite direction of the flow of the hydrogen gas and heated water vapor) and carries the retained tritium out of the LPCE column. Useful in separating tritium from radioactive waste materials and from the water from nuclear reactors.
摘要翻译：低活性氚化轻水的高通量，低浓度处理的系统，方法和方法包括至少一些氚化水的电解以产生氢和氚气。通过电解产生的氢气和氚气在一些情况下与加热的水蒸汽结合以增加生产量并通过液相催化交换柱，其通常包括包含用疏水性聚合物涂覆的钯的催化剂。由于氢气和氚气体以及加热的水蒸汽通过LPCE柱上升，氚保留在催化剂上。去离子的洗涤水通过柱（即，在与氢气和加热的水蒸汽的流动的相反方向）下运送并将保留的氚输出LPCE柱。可用于将氚与放射性废物和核反应堆的水分离。

3. 发明申请

US20110027166A1 Chlorate and chlorine dioxide systems adapted for the production of deuterium enriched water 审中-公开
标题翻译：适用于生产氘浓缩水的氯酸盐和二氧化氯系统
公开(公告)号：US20110027166A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12461028
申请日：2009-07-29
申请人： Andrew T.B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
发明人： Andrew T.B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
IPC分类号： C01B5/02 , C25B1/00 , C25B9/00 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/26 , B01D59/32 , C01B5/02
摘要： The present invention provides a process whereby pre-enrichment of water streams using a hydrogen source and a catalytic isotope exchange method at one or more remote sites to supply water with augmented deuterium concentration to a central heavy water. This central heavy water plant could be a Combined Electrolysis and Catalytic Exchange (“CECE”) heavy water production plant or a Girdler Sulfide heavy water plant. The deuterium content of water at the remote sites is increased and provides water stream(s) with augmented deuterium concentration to feed to the central heavy water production plant. This could be a first stage of the central CECE deuterium enrichment plant, increasing its capacity for heavy water production approximately in the ratio of its enrichment above natural deuterium concentrations. By relatively simple utilization of available deuterium enrichment capacity at the remote sites, advantages are achieved from a larger scale of heavy water production at the central production plant. The invention further provides systems and methods for adapting chlorate and chlorine dioxide systems which produce hydrogen to additionally produce deuterium-enriched water.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种方法，其使用氢源和催化同位素交换方法在一个或多个偏远地点预富集水流，以向中央重水提供具有增强的氘浓度的水。该中央重水厂可以是一个联合电解和催化交换（“CECE”）重水生产厂或Girdler硫化物重水厂。远程站点的水的氘含量增加，并提供具有增加的氘浓度的水流供给中央重水生产设备。这可能是中部CECE氘浓缩厂的第一阶段，大大提高了其富含浓度高于天然氘浓度的重水生产能力。通过相对简单地利用远程站点的可用氘浓缩能力，可以从中央生产厂的较大规模的重水生产获得优势。本发明还提供用于调节产生氢气以再次产生富氘水的氯酸盐和二氧化氯体系的系统和方法。

4. 发明申请

US20110027165A1 Distributed pre-enrichment method and apparatus for production of heavy water 审中-公开
标题翻译：分布式预浓缩方法和重水生产设备
公开(公告)号：US20110027165A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12461025
申请日：2009-07-29
申请人： Andrew T. B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
发明人： Andrew T. B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
IPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01J19/08
CPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01D59/32 , B01D59/40 , B01D59/50
摘要： The present invention provides a process whereby pre-enrichment of water streams using a hydrogen source and a catalytic isotope exchange method at one or more remote sites to supply water with augmented deuterium concentration to a central heavy water. This central heavy water plant could be a Combined Electrolysis and Catalytic Exchange (“CECE”) heavy water production plant or a Girdler Sulfide heavy water plant. The deuterium content of water at the remote sites is increased and provides water stream(s) with augmented deuterium concentration to feed to the central heavy water production plant. This could be a first stage of the central CECE deuterium enrichment plant, increasing its capacity for heavy water production approximately in the ratio of its enrichment above natural deuterium concentrations. By relatively simple utilization of available deuterium enrichment capacity at the remote sites, advantages are achieved from a larger scale of heavy water production at the central production plant. The invention further provides systems and methods for adapting chlorate and chlorine dioxide systems which produce hydrogen to additionally produce deuterium-enriched water.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种方法，其使用氢源和催化同位素交换方法在一个或多个偏远地点预富集水流，以向中央重水提供具有增强的氘浓度的水。该中央重水厂可以是一个联合电解和催化交换（“CECE”）重水生产厂或Girdler硫化物重水厂。远程站点的水的氘含量增加，并提供具有增加的氘浓度的水流供给中央重水生产设备。这可能是中部CECE氘浓缩厂的第一阶段，大大提高了其富含浓度高于天然氘浓度的重水生产能力。通过相对简单地利用远程站点的可用氘浓缩能力，可以从中央生产厂的较大规模的重水生产获得优势。本发明还提供用于调节产生氢气以再次产生富氘水的氯酸盐和二氧化氯体系的系统和方法。

5. 发明授权

US06858190B2 Heavy water production process and apparatus 有权
标题翻译：重水生产过程和设备
公开(公告)号：US06858190B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-22
申请号：US09774046
申请日：2001-01-31
申请人： William R. C. Graham
发明人： William R. C. Graham
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , B01D59/33 , C01B3/38 , C01B5/02
CPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01D59/32 , B01D59/33 , C01B3/38 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/068 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/82
摘要： A hybrid BHW-CIRCE process heavy water production system in which most or all of the CECE upper stages of the CIRCE process are replaced with BHW liquid phase catalytic exchange stages. The system allows the CIRCE process to return to a more natural cascade resulting in a more cost effective process.
摘要翻译：一种混合BHW-CIRCE工艺重水生产系统，其中CIRCE工艺的大部分或全部CECE上段用BHW液相催化交换阶段代替。该系统允许CIRCE过程返回到更自然的级联，从而实现更具成本效益的过程。

6. 发明授权

US5591319A Electrolytic pre-enrichment method and apparatus for the combined electrolysis and catalytic exchange process 失效
标题翻译：电解预浓缩方法和装置，用于组合电解和催化交换过程
公开(公告)号：US5591319A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-07
申请号：US438480
申请日：1995-05-10
申请人： Alistair I. Miller , Andrew T. B. Stuart , Allan E. Everatt
发明人： Alistair I. Miller , Andrew T. B. Stuart , Allan E. Everatt
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , C01B5/02 , C25B1/04 , C25B9/00 , C25B15/08
CPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01D59/32
摘要： An electrolytic pre-enrichment of a feed stream to a combined electrolysisnd catalytic exchange ("CECE") heavy water production process. A deuterium enriched liquid or vapour stream from electrolytic cells is applied as a feed to the first stage of a CECE deuterium enrichment process. By deploying a portion of available electrolytic cell capacity in the pre-enrichment stage, advantages are achieved, particularly where available electrical power fluctuates or when a "turned down" CECE process is desired.
摘要翻译：将进料流电解预浓缩成组合的电解和催化交换（“CECE”）重水生产过程。将来自电解池的富氘液体或蒸汽流作为进料施加到CECE氘浓缩过程的第一阶段。通过在预浓缩阶段部署可用的电解池容量的一部分，可以实现优点，特别是在可用的电功率波动时或当需要“拒绝”的CECE过程时。

7. 发明授权

US4519996A Method for enriching and separating heavy hydrogen isotopes from substance streams containing such isotopes by means of isotope exchange 失效
标题翻译：通过同位素交换从含有同位素的物流中浓缩和分离重氢同位素的方法
公开(公告)号：US4519996A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US461171
申请日：1983-01-26
申请人： Arndt Knochel , Ingo Eggers , Bernd Klatte , Rolf-Dieter Wilken
发明人： Arndt Knochel , Ingo Eggers , Bernd Klatte , Rolf-Dieter Wilken
IPC分类号： B01D59/24 , B01D59/30 , B01D59/32 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/00
CPC分类号： C01B4/00 , B01D59/32
摘要： A process for enriching and separating heavy hydrogen isotopes having a heavy hydrogen cation (deuterium and/or tritium) from substance streams containing them, wherein the respectively present hydrogen isotopes are exchanged in chemical equilibria. A protic, acid solution containing deuterium and/or tritium is brought into contact with a value material from the group of open-chained polyethers or aminopolyethers, macro-monocyclic or macro-polycyclic polyethers, macro-monocyclic or macro-polycyclic amino polyethers, and mixtures of these values, in their free or proton salt form to form a reaction product of the heavy hydrogen cation with the value or value salt and bring about enrichment of deuterium and/or tritium in the reaction product. The reaction product containing the value or value salt is separated from the solution. The separated reaction product is treated to release the hydrogen isotope(s) to be enriched in the form of deuterium oxide (HDO) and/or tritium oxide (HTO) by regenerating the value or its salt, respectively. The regenerated value is returned for reuse.
摘要翻译：从含有它们的物质流中富集和分离具有重氢阳离子（氘和/或氚）的重氢同位素的方法，其中分别存在的氢同位素在化学平衡中交换。与含有氘和/或氚的质子酸溶液与来自开链聚醚或氨基聚醚，大单 - 单或大多环聚醚，大单 - 单或大 - 多环氨基聚醚的价值物质接触，以及这些值的混合物以其游离或质子盐形式形成，以形成重氢阳离子与值或值的盐的反应产物，并引起反应产物中氘和/或氚的富集。将含有值或值的盐的反应产物与溶液分离。处理分离的反应产物以分别通过再生该值或其盐释放氧化氘（HDO）和/或氧化氚（HTO）形式的氢同位素。重新生成的值被重新使用。

8. 发明授权

US4471014A Ordered bed packing module 失效
标题翻译：有序床包装模块
公开(公告)号：US4471014A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-11
申请号：US363304
申请日：1982-03-29
申请人： James den Hartog , John P. Butler , Fred W. R. Molson
发明人： James den Hartog , John P. Butler , Fred W. R. Molson
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , B01J10/00 , B01J19/32 , B01J35/04 , B32B3/28
CPC分类号： B01J19/32 , B01D59/32 , B01J10/007 , B01J35/04 , B32B3/28 , B01J2219/32206 , B01J2219/3221 , B01J2219/32213 , B01J2219/32227 , B01J2219/32258 , B01J2219/32279 , B01J2219/32483 , Y10S261/72 , Y10S428/906 , Y10T428/24694 , Y10T428/24727 , Y10T428/24777
摘要： In one embodiment of the invention a catalyst packing module is provided which greatly enhances the vapour-liquid transfer rate in the overall hydrogen-liquid water isotopic exchange reaction between streams of gaseous hydrogen and liquid water. The catalyst packing module comprises alternate layers of plane sheet and corrugated sheet and is produced by rolling at least one plane sheet and at least one corrugated sheet together into a right cylinder in a jelly roll configuration. The plane sheet is a woven, knitted or felted cloth of a textile material which wicks water over its surface and the corrugated sheet is an open mesh of metal coated with a porous matrix of polytetrafluoroethylene with exposed, partially platinized carbon particles therein. This catalyst packing module maximizes the hydrophilic surface area per unit volume of packing for the vapour-liquid transfer reaction and also the surface area of the support material (carrier) for the hydrophobic catalyst. Although the packing is tight, high gas and liquid flow can be used without flooding the bed because the hydrophilic surfaces are separated by hydrophobic spacers and because the hydrophilic surface have a wicking action. In other embodiments of the invention the packing module is used to advantage for any gas-liquid transfer reaction but in this application the corrugated mesh is a metal cloth, does not support a catalyst and is made hydrophobic with, or of, some suitable polymeric material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polymethacrylate, polypropylene etc.
摘要翻译：在本发明的一个实施方案中，提供催化剂填充模块，其极大地提高气态氢气和液态水流之间的整个氢 - 液体水同位素交换反应中的气液传递速率。催化剂包装组件包括平面片和波纹片的交替层，并且通过将至少一个平面片和至少一个波纹片一起滚压成一个具有果冻卷构型的右圆柱体而制成。平面片是纺织材料的织造，针织或毡制布，其在其表面上吸水，波纹片是涂覆有聚四氟乙烯多孔基体的金属开放网，其中暴露的部分镀铂的碳颗粒。该催化剂填充模块使用于气 - 液转移反应的每单位体积填料的亲水表面积以及用于疏水催化剂的载体材料（载体）的表面积最大化。虽然包装紧密，但是可以使用高气体和液体流动而不会淹没床，因为亲水表面被疏水间隔物分离，并且因为亲水表面具有芯吸作用。在本发明的其它实施方案中，包装模块用于任何气液转移反应，但是在该应用中，波纹网是金属布，不支持催化剂，并且与一些合适的聚合材料制成疏水性如聚四氟乙烯，聚乙烯，聚苯乙烯，聚甲基丙烯酸酯，聚丙烯等。

9. 发明授权

US4228034A Catalytically active mass for the exchange of hydrogen isotopes between streams of gaseous hydrogen and liquid water 失效
标题翻译：催化活性物质用于在气态氢气和液态水流之间交换氢同位素
公开(公告)号：US4228034A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-14
申请号：US959712
申请日：1978-11-13
申请人： John P. Butler , John H. Rolston , James den Hartog , Fred W. R. Molson , John W. Goodale
发明人： John P. Butler , John H. Rolston , James den Hartog , Fred W. R. Molson , John W. Goodale
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/42 , B01J33/00 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/02 , B01J31/02
CPC分类号： B01J23/42 , B01D59/32 , C01B5/02
摘要： For the exchange of hydrogen isotopes between streams of gaseous hydrogen and liquid water, wherein the streams are at a temperature in the range 273 to 573K are brought into contact with one another and a catalytically active mass, an improved catalytically active mass is provided comprising an inherently hydrophotic, porous, polytetrafluoroethylene matrix and partially platinized carbon particles dispersed throughout the whole of the porous polytetrafluoroethylene matrix in the weight ratio of 1:1 to 3:1 of polytetrafluoroethylene to partially platinized high surface area carbon particles. The inherently hydrophobic, porous, polytetrafluoroethylene matrix allows the catalytically active metal to catalyze the hydrogen isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen gas and water vapor in the presence of liquid water while retarding loss of activity of the catalytically active metal by contact of the metal catalyst with liquid water. This catalyzed chemical isotope exchange proceeds simultaneously with isotope exchange from water vapor to liquid water by a non-catalyzed, physical evaporation and condensation exchange reaction. The efficient coupling of these two isotopic transfer steps which results in a rapid overall isotopic exchange between hydrogen and liquid water without a pronounced loss of activity of the catalytically active mass is dependent upon the weight ratio of the catalytically active platinized carbon to the polytetrafluoroethylene matrix being in the above mentioned range of 1:1 to 3:1.
摘要翻译：为了在气态氢和液态水流之间交换氢同位素，其中流在273至573K的温度下彼此接触并具有催化活性物质，提供改进的催化活性物质，其包含固有的疏水性，多孔，聚四氟乙烯基体和部分镀铂的碳颗粒分散在整个多孔聚四氟乙烯基体中，聚四氟乙烯的重量比为1：1至3：1，同时部分镀铂的高表面积碳颗粒。固有的疏水性，多孔的聚四氟乙烯基体允许催化活性金属在液态水的存在下催化氢气和水蒸气之间的氢同位素交换反应，同时通过金属催化剂与液体的接触延缓催化活性金属的活性损失水。这种催化的化学同位素交换同时进行，通过非催化的物理蒸发和冷凝交换反应从水蒸汽到液态水的同位素交换。这两个同位素转移步骤的有效耦合导致氢和液态水之间的快速总体同位素交换而没有显着的催化活性物质的活性损失取决于催化活性铂化碳与聚四氟乙烯基体的重量比为在上述范围为1：1至3：1。

10. 发明授权

US3888974A Process for hydrogen isotope exchange and concentration between liquid water and hydrogen gas and catalyst assembly therefor 失效
标题翻译：氢同位素交换过程和液体与氢气和催化剂组合之间的浓度
公开(公告)号：US3888974A
公开(公告)日：1975-06-10
申请号：US37916473
申请日：1973-07-13
申请人： CA ATOMIC ENERGY LTD
发明人： STEVENS WILLIAM H
IPC分类号： C01B5/02 , C01B5/00 , B01J9/04 , B01J11/08
CPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01D59/32 , B01D59/33
摘要： A bithermal, catalytic, hydrogen isotope exchange process between liquid water and hydrogen gas to effect concentration of the deuterium isotope of hydrogen, wherein liquid water and hydrogen gas are contacted with one another and with at least one catalytically active metal selected from Group VIII of the Periodic Table, the catalyst body has a water repellent, gas and water vapour permeable, organic polymer or resin coating, preferably a fluorinated olefin polymer or silicone resin coating, so that the isotope exchange takes place by two simultaneously occurring, and closely coupled in space, steps namely, using protium (H) and deuterium (D) as the example, HD gas + H2O vapour catalyst H2 gas + HDO vapour

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