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1. 发明授权

US5342769A Microbial dehalogenation using methanosarcina 失效
标题翻译：微生物脱卤使用甲基吗啉
公开(公告)号：US5342769A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US940439
申请日：1992-09-04
申请人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
发明人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
IPC分类号： C02F3/28 , C02F3/34 , C02F11/04 , C12P1/04 , C12P5/02 , C02F3/30
CPC分类号： C02F3/28 , C02F11/04 , C02F3/34 , C12P1/04 , C12P5/023 , C02F2101/32 , C02F2101/36 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/23
摘要： A method for bioremediation of hazardous wastes is disclosed. The method can be used for anaerobic treatment of a liquid or slurry hazardous waste stream (e.g., industrial wastewater or sludge) or for treatment of contaminated groundwater. Removal of halogenated (e.g., chlorinated) hydrocarbons, such as tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and similar xenobiotics is possible. The method involves biotransformation of (dehalogenation) halogenated hydrocarbons by means of natural methanogenic bacteria, Methanosarcina barkeri strain 227 and/or Methanosarcina vacuolata. These methanogens can accomplish cometabolism of chlorinated hydrocarbons during metabolism of a primary substrate such as hydrogen-carbon dioxide, methanol, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine and acetate. Reductive dechlorination, energy conservation and control of air pollution are accomplished.
摘要翻译：公开了一种危险废物生物修复的方法。该方法可用于对液体或浆料有害废物流（例如工业废水或污泥）进行厌氧处理或用于处理污染的地下水。可以除去卤代（例如氯化）烃，例如四氯乙烯，三氯乙烯，1,1,1-三氯乙烷和类似的异生物。该方法包括通过天然甲烷生成细菌，甲烷甲烷菌株227和/或空白菌（Methanosarcina hollowolata）生物转化（脱卤）卤代烃。这些产甲烷菌可以在一级底物例如氢二氧化碳，甲醇，甲胺，二甲胺，三甲胺和乙酸酯的代谢过程中完成氯代烃的代谢。还原脱氯，节约能源和控制空气污染。

2. 发明授权

US5914441A Biocatalyzed anaerobic oxidation of metal sulfides for recovery of metal values 失效
标题翻译：生物催化氧化金属硫化物回收金属价值
公开(公告)号：US5914441A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-22
申请号：US662050
申请日：1996-06-12
申请人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
发明人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
IPC分类号： C22B3/02 , C22B3/18
CPC分类号： C22B11/04 , C22B3/18 , Y02P10/234 , Y10S423/17
摘要： A method and apparatus for anaerobic oxidation of metal sulfides in ores and concentrates. Base-metal and precious-metal ores and concentrates often contain metal sulfides, such iron sulfides (e.g., pyrite, pyrhotite, arsenopyrite, etc.), copper sulfides (e.g., chalcopyrite, chalcocite, etc.), zinc sulfides (e.g., sphalerite, etc.) and/or lead sulfides (e.g., galena, etc.) and/or other metal sulfides), that must be oxidized in order to recover metal values (e.g., gold, silver, or platinum group elements) from the ores. In the present invention, these metal sulfides are oxidized in one reactor under anaerobic or anoxic conditions using oxidized metal ions, such as ferrous ions (Fe.sup.+3), as the oxidizing agent. Anaerobic oxidation of elemental sulfur that is produced by metal sulfide oxidation is biocatalyzed by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, such as Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, Thiobacillus thiooxidans, or or Sulfolobus sp. The oxidized metal ions are produced biologically by iron-oxidizing bacteria in another reactor under aerobic conditions. In a preferred embodiment, the anaerobic reactor is an upflow, counter-current reactor having a fluidized bed of ore or concentrate particles and the aerobic reactor is a plug-flow reactor or a biofilm reactor.
摘要翻译：一种用于矿物和精矿中金属硫化物的厌氧氧化的方法和装置。碱金属和贵金属矿石和浓缩物通常含有金属硫化物，例如硫化铁（例如黄铁矿，黄铁矿，砷黄铁矿等），硫化铜（例如黄铜矿，辉铜矿等），硫化锌（例如闪锌矿等）和/或硫化铅（例如，方铅矿等）和/或其他金属硫化物），其必须被氧化以从矿石中回收金属值（例如金，银或铂族元素）。在本发明中，这些金属硫化物在厌氧或缺氧条件下在一个反应器中使用氧化金属离子（例如亚铁离子（Fe + 3））氧化作为氧化剂。通过金属硫化物氧化产生的元素硫的厌氧氧化由硫氧化细菌如硫氧化硫杆菌，硫氧化硫杆菌或硫氰酸梭菌生物催化。氧化金属离子是在有氧条件下在另一个反应器中通过铁氧化细菌生物生产的。在优选的实施方案中，厌氧反应器是具有矿石或浓缩物颗粒的流化床的向上流逆流反应器，需氧反应器是活塞流反应器或生物膜反应器。

3. 发明授权

US5942117A Anaerobic biodegradation of unsaturated, saturated, aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons 失效
标题翻译：不饱和，饱和，芳香和卤代烃的厌氧生物降解
公开(公告)号：US5942117A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-24
申请号：US545498
申请日：1995-10-19
申请人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart , Tamara Darsow , Macgregor L. Fogelsong
发明人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart , Tamara Darsow , Macgregor L. Fogelsong
IPC分类号： C02F3/28 , C02F3/34 , C02F9/00 , C02F11/04 , C12P1/04 , C12P5/02
CPC分类号： C02F9/00 , C02F11/04 , C02F3/28 , C02F3/34 , C12P1/04 , C12P5/023 , C02F2103/36 , Y02E50/343 , Y10S210/903 , Y10S210/909
摘要： An apparatus and method for anaerobic biodegradation, bioremediation or bioprocessing of hydrocarbons dissolved in an aqueous matrix, such as wastewater, groundwater, or slurry. Dissolved alkanes (saturated hydrocarbons), alkenes (unsaturated hydrocarbons), aromatic hydrocarbons and/or halogenated hydrocarbons are metabolized or cometabolized. In one form, the invention involves introducing an aqueous stream comprising at least one dissolved aromatic hydrocarbon (such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, or p-cresol) and a dissolved oxide of nitrogen �such as nitrate (NO.sub.3.sup.-), nitrite (NO.sub.2.sup.-), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N.sub.2 O)!to a reactor, and operating said reactor under conditions that support denitrification of the aromatic hydrocarbon. Alternatively, the aqueous stream may comprise at least one alkane (such as ethane) and/or at least one alkene (such as ethene or ethylene) and biodegradation of these compounds is accomplished. In a preferred form, the aqueous stream also comprises at least one dissolved halogenated hydrocarbon (such as tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, or 1,1,1-trichloroethane) and dehalogenation of the halogenated hydrocarbon is accomplished. The reactor may be a continuous stirred tank reactor, a batch (or sequencing batch) reactor, a plug-flow reactor, a fixed-film reactor, or a pore space in an underground aquifer in situ. The reactor is operated in such a way that molecular oxygen is excluded from the space or zone in which the biodegradation is occurring and the other requirements of denitrifying bacteria are met. In some implementations, kinetic control (control of mean cell residence time) is used to enrich a denitrifying culture in the reactor.
摘要翻译：用于厌氧生物降解，生物修复或溶解在含水基质如废水，地下水或浆液中的烃的生物处理的装置和方法。溶解的烷烃（饱和烃），烯烃（不饱和烃），芳烃和/或卤代烃被代谢或代谢。在一种形式中，本发明涉及引入包含至少一种溶解的芳族烃（例如苯，甲苯，乙苯，邻二甲苯，间二甲苯，对二甲苯，苯酚，邻甲酚，间甲酚或对甲酚）和氮的溶解氧化物（例如硝酸盐（NO 3 - ），亚硝酸盐（NO 2 - ），一氧化氮（NO）和一氧化二氮（N 2 O）]），并在支持反硝化的条件下操作所述反应器的芳烃。或者，水流可以包含至少一种烷烃（例如乙烷）和/或至少一种烯烃（例如乙烯或乙烯），并且实现这些化合物的生物降解。在优选形式中，水流还包含至少一种溶解的卤代烃（例如四氯乙烯，三氯乙烯或1,1,1-三氯乙烷），并且完成卤代烃的脱卤。反应器可以是在地下含水层中的连续搅拌釜反应器，分批（或测序批料）反应器，活塞流反应器，固定膜反应器或孔隙空间。反应器的运行方式是从生物降解发生的空间或区域排除分子氧，满足反硝化细菌的其他要求。在一些实施方案中，使用动力学控制（平均细胞停留时间的控制）来富集反应器中的反硝化培养物。

4. 发明授权

US5406828A Method and apparatus for pressure and level transmission and sensing 失效
标题翻译：用于压力和液位传输和感测的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5406828A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-18
申请号：US153178
申请日：1993-11-16
申请人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
发明人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
IPC分类号： G01F1/36 , G01F1/44 , G01F23/16 , G01N1/10 , G01N9/28 , G01N35/00
CPC分类号： G01F1/44 , G01F1/363 , G01F23/168 , G01N1/10 , G01N35/00732 , G01N35/00871 , G01N9/28 , G01N2001/1043 , G01N2035/00782 , G01N2035/00881
摘要： This invention provides a method and apparatus for transmitting and sensing liquid pressure (head) and liquid level (depth) in flow metering, tide gauge and liquid salinity or slurry density measurement applications. The invention essentially eliminates the effect of pressure sensor temperature variations and the effect of long-term pressure sensor signal drift on pressure sensing accuracy by resetting the zero and gain of the pressure sensor prior to pressure measurement. A variety of sources of a known differential pressure may be used to reset the gain of the differential pressure sensor by simultaneously exposing both sides of the differential pressure sensor to the known differential pressure. In one embodiment of the invention, the head loss through exhaust port of a spring-biased comparitor is the known pressure differential used to reset the pressure sensor gain. In another embodiment, a U-tube manometer is used to set a known differential pressure across an adjustable differential pressure regulator or an adjustable spring-biased comparitor and that pressure differential is used. The invention provides accurate bubbler pressure measurement under conditions of rapidly varying liquid head by means of a single calibration of a differential pressure sensor instead of sequential calibrations of a gauge pressure sensor. The present invention provides a compact and lightweight manifold-mounted pneumatic integrated circuit and a method for in situ recalibration of relatively inexpensive pressure sensors.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于在流量计，潮汐计和液体盐度或浆料浓度测量应用中传输和感测液体压力（头部）和液位（深度）的方法和装置。通过在压力测量之前复位压力传感器的零点和增益，本发明基本上消除了压力传感器温度变化的影响以及长期压力传感器信号漂移对压力感测精度的影响。可以使用已知压差的各种来源，通过同时将差压传感器的两侧暴露于已知的压差来重置差压传感器的增益。在本发明的一个实施例中，通过弹簧偏置的比较器的排气口的头部损失是用于复位压力传感器增益的已知压力差。在另一个实施例中，使用U型管压力计来设置跨越可调压差调节器或可调节弹簧偏置的比较器的已知压差，并且使用压力差。本发明通过差压传感器的单次校准而不是表压式传感器的顺序校准，在快速变化的液体头的条件下提供精确的起泡器压力测量。本发明提供了一种紧凑且重量轻的歧管安装的气动集成电路和用于相对便宜的压力传感器的原位重新校准的方法。

5. 发明授权

US5672194A Method and apparatus for extracting precious metals from their ores and the product thereof 失效
标题翻译：从其矿石中提取贵金属的方法和设备及其产品
公开(公告)号：US5672194A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-30
申请号：US436726
申请日：1995-05-08
申请人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart , Tamara Darsow
发明人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart , Tamara Darsow
IPC分类号： C22B3/18 , C22B11/00 , C22B3/02
CPC分类号： C22B3/18 , C22B11/04 , Y02P10/234 , Y10S423/17
摘要： A method and apparatus for extraction of precious metals from their ores and the product thereof. Oxidized ore comprising a precious metal is exposed to a leaching solution (lixiviant) comprising a relatively high concentration (fugacity) of dissolved hydrogen sulfide gas, a relatively high concentration (activity) of bisulfide ions, and a relatively low concentration (fugacity) of dissolved hydrogen gas. The hydrogen sulfide gas and bisulfide ions are preferably added to the solution by sulfate-reducing bacteria growing in a medium comprising dissolved sulfate ions and dissolved nitrate ions, but abiotic sources may also be used. Examples of such bacteria include mesophilic, fresh-water species such as Desulfobacterium catecholicum DSM 3882 and Desulfovibrio simplex DSM 4141; mesophilic, salt-water species such as Desulfovibrio salexigens DSM 2638; and thermophilic, fresh-water species such as Desulfomaculum kuznetsovii VKM B-1805. The complexed precious metal is recovered from the lixiviant.
摘要翻译：从其矿石中提取贵金属的方法和设备及其产品。包含贵金属的氧化矿物暴露于包含相对高浓度（逸度）的溶解硫化氢气体，较高浓度（活性）二硫化物离子和较低浓度（逸度）溶解的浸出溶液（浸液）氢气。优选通过在包含溶解的硫酸根离子和溶解的硝酸根离子的培养基中生长的硫酸盐还原细菌将硫化氢气体和二硫化物离子加入到溶液中，但也可以使用非生物来源。这样的细菌的实例包括嗜温淡水物种如枯草杆菌DSM 3882和Desulfovibrio simplex DSM 4141; 嗜温盐水物种，例如脱硫抗病毒沙门氏菌DSM 2638; 和嗜热淡水物种，如Desulfomaculum kuznetsovii VKM B-1805。复合的贵金属从浸取物中回收。

6. 发明授权

US5485518A Electronic media program recognition and choice 失效
标题翻译：电子媒体节目识别和选择
公开(公告)号：US5485518A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US129450
申请日：1993-09-30
申请人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
发明人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
IPC分类号： H04H1/00 , H04H60/16 , H04H60/37 , H04H60/58 , H04H60/59 , H04H60/65 , H04N5/44 , H04N7/16 , H04N21/45 , H04N21/454 , H04N7/167
CPC分类号： H04H60/16 , H04H60/37 , H04H60/58 , H04H60/59 , H04H60/65 , H04N21/4532 , H04N21/454 , H04N5/44 , H04N7/166
摘要： A method and apparatus for electronic media program recognition and choice are disclosed. The invention allows parental control of the individual television programs (e.g., series, episodes, or individual music videos) and radio programs that can be viewed or listened to by young children. The invention can be practiced without the need for or reliance on a Government or industry-wide program rating system or a "V-chip" approach. The invention automatically locks out (blocks) all programs that have not been determined by the parent to be suitable for child viewing. Suitable programs are unlocked and viewable whenever they are broadcast. Means are provided for implementing two strategies for discrimination among TV programs. Signal processing means and signal recognition software are relied upon in situations wherein program identification information is not encoded in the composite television signal. Two approaches to signal recognition are provided: video signal (e.g., title screen) recognition and audio signal (e.g., theme song) recognition. In event that Extended Data Service (EIA-608) data are available the capability to read and recognize program identifiers (e.g., names) is also provided.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于电子媒体节目识别和选择的方法和装置。本发明允许对个人电视节目（例如，系列，情节或个人音乐视频）的父母控制以及可以被幼儿观看或收听的无线电节目。可以在不需要或依赖政府或行业范围的计划评级系统或“V芯片”方法的情况下实施本发明。本发明自动地锁定（块）所有尚未被父节点确定为适于儿童观看的节目。适当的节目在播放时被解锁和可视。提供了实施电视节目歧视策略的手段。在组合电视信号中未编码节目识别信息的情况下，信号处理装置和信号识别软件被依赖。提供两种信号识别方法：视频信号（例如，标题屏幕）识别和音频信号（例如，主题曲）识别。在扩展数据服务（EIA-608）数据可用的情况下，还提供了读取和识别程序标识符（例如，名称）的能力。

7. 发明授权

US5423226A Flow measurement system 失效
标题翻译：流量测量系统
公开(公告)号：US5423226A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-13
申请号：US164146
申请日：1993-12-09
申请人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
发明人： Robert M. Hunter , Frank M. Stewart
IPC分类号： G01F1/36 , G01F1/44 , G01F23/16 , G01N1/10 , G01N9/28 , G01N35/00
CPC分类号： G01F1/44 , G01F1/363 , G01F23/168 , G01N1/10 , G01N35/00732 , G01N35/00871 , G01N9/28 , G01N2001/1043 , G01N2035/00782 , G01N2035/00881
摘要： A portable flow measurement system comprising a primary flow metering element and a secondary flow metering element is disclosed that will find application in metering irrigation water use, urban and rural storm water runoff, infiltration/inflow and wastewater flow rates. The primary element comprises a constriction in a closed conduit that produces pressures in the liquid flowing through it that are related to the rate of flow of the liquid. The constriction is preferably configured to cause essentially simultaneous filling of the constriction and the conduit upstream from it upon increasing flow rate and/or filling of the constriction and/or the upstream pipe before the modular limit is reached. The secondary element comprises a system for transmitting and sensing the pressures produced by the primary element, computing flow rates using the sensed pressure as a basis and storing the pressure data and/or the flow rate data. The pressure transmitting and sensing subassembly comprises a plurality of bubbler circuits, a plurality of mechanisms for controlling bubble release rate, at least one and preferable two differential pressure sensors, mechanisms for simultaneously applying the same pressure to the pressure side and the reference side of each differential pressure sensor and mechanisms for simultaneously applying a known differential pressure across each differential pressure sensor.
摘要翻译：公开了一种便携式流量测量系统，其包括主流量计量元件和二次流量计量元件，其可用于计量灌溉用水，城市和农村暴雨水径流，渗透/流入和废水流量。主要元件包括在封闭导管中的收缩部，其在流过其中的液体中产生与液体的流速相关的压力。收缩部优选地构造成在达到模块化限制之前增加收缩部和/或上游管道的流速和/或填充时基本上同时填充收缩部和上游的导管。次要元件包括用于传输和感测由主元件产生的压力的系统，使用所感测的压力计算流量作为基础并存储压力数据和/或流量数据。压力传递和感测子组件包括多个起泡器电路，用于控制气泡释放速率的多个机构，至少一个和优选的两个差压传感器，用于同时向相同压力侧和参考侧施加相同压力的机构差压传感器和用于在每个差压传感器上同时施加已知差压的机构。

8. 发明授权

US5351845A Cognitive skill based child-resistant and tamper-evident closure 失效
标题翻译：基于认知技能的儿童抵抗和防窃启关闭
公开(公告)号：US5351845A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-04
申请号：US828716
申请日：1992-01-31
申请人： Robert M. Hunter
发明人： Robert M. Hunter
IPC分类号： B65D41/04 , B65D50/06 , B65D55/02
CPC分类号： B65D50/061
摘要： A generally cylindrical relative rotatable lock structure comprises three relatively rotatable coaxial members. The first and second members have generally opposed surfaces carrying connecting means which interengage to prevent relative axial movement between those members except in predetermined relatively rotatable positions. The third member is supported by one of the first or second members to prevent axial movement relative to the supporting member, but to permit rotatable movement. Friction between the third and non-supporting member causes the third member to rotate with the non-supporting member. The third member has connecting means cooperable with the connecting means on the member which does not support the third member to prevent relative axial movement between the third and non-supporting members except in predetermined relative position. Opposing stop members are provided on the third member and the supporting member limiting their relative rotation in one direction to less than one revolution before the stop faces abut after which the third member is driven by the stop member to rotate with the supporting member. However, at least one of the stop members has a ramp on the face opposed to the stop face of such a pitch that the other stop member, upon encountering the ramp, is able to ride up the ramp and over the stop member during relative rotation in the direction opposite to that causing contact between the stop faces. The principal use of the invention is as a closure for child-resistant packaging.
摘要翻译：大致圆柱形的相对可旋转的锁定结构包括三个相对可旋转的同轴构件。第一和第二构件具有大致相对的表面，所述表面承载连接装置，所述连接装置相互联动以防止除了预定的相对旋转位置之间的这些构件之间的相对轴向运动。第三构件由第一或第二构件中的一个支撑，以防止相对于支撑构件的轴向运动，但是允许可旋转运动。第三和非支撑构件之间的摩擦使得第三构件与非支撑构件一起旋转。第三构件具有与构件上的连接装置配合的连接装置，该连接装置不支撑第三构件，以防止除了预定相对位置之外的第三和非支撑构件之间的相对轴向运动。相反的止动构件设置在第三构件和支撑构件上，所述支撑构件在止动面抵靠之前将其在一个方向上的相对旋转限制为小于一圈，之后第三构件被止动构件驱动以与支撑构件一起旋转。然而，止动件中的至少一个在与止动面相对的面上具有这样一个间距的斜面，另一个止动件在遇到斜面时能够在相对转动期间爬上斜坡并在止动件上方在与止动面之间接触的方向相反的方向上。本发明的主要用途是作为防儿童包装的封闭物。

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