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1. 发明授权

US5955401A Clay-free biodegradable wellbore fluid and method for using same fluid 失效
标题翻译：无粘土生物降解井筒流体和使用相同流体的方法
公开(公告)号：US5955401A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-21
申请号：US649097
申请日：1996-05-17
申请人： W. Andrew Liao
发明人： W. Andrew Liao
IPC分类号： E21B21/00 , C09K3/00 , C09K8/04 , C09K8/08 , E21B43/00 , C09K7/02
CPC分类号： C09K8/08
摘要： A dry mix additive, which is used to form a clay-free, i.e., non-argillaceous, inorganic salt-free, i.e., non-brine, biodegradable and chemically degradable aqueous-based wellbore fluid, which is capable of imparting non-Newtonian, pseudoplasticity and fluid loss controlling properties to aqueous systems for use in horizontal directional drilling, finding utility in horizontal environmental well installation for soil and groundwater remediation. The dry mixture comprises (1) from about 80-90 by weight of pre-gelatinized corn starch heteropolysaccharide, and (2) from about 10-20 by weight of a synthetic biopolymer such as Xanthan gum treated with a dispersing agent (glyoxal) for ease of dispersion. Sodium hypochlorite can be added, if desired, to the wellbore fluid to provide resistance to bacterial attack. The dry mixture is added to either fresh water or acidic water in amounts of 12-15 pounds of the dry mixture to a barrel (42 U.S. gallons) of water and then used as a drilling fluid in drilling horizontal wells for soil and groundwater remediation. Also, if desired, calcium hypochlorite can be circulated through the borehole following the drilling operation to accelerate the degradation of the polymers in the wellbore fluid. Following the drilling of the borehole, the contaminated formation fluids are withdrawn from the borehole.
摘要翻译：一种干混合添加剂，用于形成无粘土，即非粘土无机盐，即非盐水，可生物降解和化学降解的水性井筒流体，其能够赋予非牛顿，用于水平定向钻井的水系统的假塑性和流体损失控制性能，用于土壤和地下水修复的水平环境井安装中的应用。干燥混合物包含（1）约80-90重量％的预胶化的玉米淀粉杂多糖，和（2）约10-20重量％的合成生物聚合物，例如用分散剂（乙二醛）处理的黄原胶，用于易于分散。如果需要，可以将次氯酸钠加入井眼液中以提供对细菌侵袭的抵抗力。将干燥的混合物加入淡水或酸性水中，其量为12-15磅的干燥混合物至桶（42US加仑）的水，然后用作钻井水平井中的钻井液用于土壤和地下水修复。此外，如果需要，次氯酸钙可以在钻井操作之后通过钻孔循环，以加速井眼流体中聚合物的降解。在钻孔之后，污染的地层流体从钻孔中排出。

2. 发明授权

US5333699A Drill bit having polycrystalline diamond compact cutter with spherical first end opposite cutting end 失效
标题翻译：钻头具有多晶金刚石紧凑型切割机，球形第一端相对切割端
公开(公告)号：US5333699A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US995814
申请日：1992-12-23
申请人： Gary M. Thigpen , William H. Sherwood
发明人： Gary M. Thigpen , William H. Sherwood
IPC分类号： E21B10/42 , E21B10/43 , E21B10/54 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/5673 , E21B10/573 , E21B2010/566
摘要： A drag bit having a plurality of blades or ribs on its end face has one or more pockets milled into the top surfaces of said blades using a ball nosed end mill to create a plurality of pockets, each having a spherical or a semi-spherical first end and a second end having a semi-circular configuration which intersects with the leading edge face of the rib. A bullet-shaped cutting structure having a spherical first end is brazed into each of the pockets. During the manufacturing process, a pin is brazed into cooperating first and second semi-circular receptacles in the spherical end of the cutter and in the semi-spherical end of the pocket, respectively, to prevent the cutter assembly from being pushed up out of the pocket during the drilling operation. In an alternative embodiment, a slot is milled into the top surface of the rib to allow use of a ball nosed end mill having a reduced diameter shank sized to pass through the slot. In yet another embodiment, a tungsten carbide button or insert is position at the gauge diameter to reduce impact on the gauge diameter cutter in each of the ribs. Cutter assemblies are disclosed having a variety of orifices in the PDC cutter face to function as chip breakers during the drilling operation.
摘要翻译：具有在其端面上的多个叶片或肋的拖曳点具有使用球形端铣刀研磨到所述叶片的顶表面中的一个或多个凹坑，以产生多个凹穴，每个凹穴具有球形或半球形的第一并且具有与肋的前缘面相交的半圆形构造的第二端。具有球形第一端的子弹形切割结构钎焊到每个凹穴中。在制造过程中，销钉分别钎焊到切割器的球形端部和袋的半球形端部中的配合的第一和第二半圆形容器中，以防止切割器组件被推出在钻孔操作期间的口袋。在替代实施例中，槽被铣削到肋的顶表面中，以允许使用具有缩小的直径柄的球头端铣刀，其尺寸设计成穿过狭槽。在另一个实施例中，碳化钨钮扣或插入件位于规格直径处，以减少每个肋中对直径切割器的冲击。公开了在PDC切割面中具有各种孔口的切割器组件，以在钻井操作期间用作切屑断裂器。

3. 发明授权

US5278507A Well logging method and apparatus providing multiple depth of investigation using multiple transmitters and single receiver pair having depth of investigation independent of formation resistivity 失效
标题翻译：测井方法和设备使用多个发射器和单个接收机对提供多个深度调查，其深度研究独立于地层电阻率
公开(公告)号：US5278507A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US715401
申请日：1991-06-14
申请人： Roger P. Bartel , M. Vikram Rao , Paul F. Rodney
发明人： Roger P. Bartel , M. Vikram Rao , Paul F. Rodney
IPC分类号： G01V3/30
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： An apparatus and method for determining formation resistivity at a plurality of radial distances from an earth borehole uses a single receiver pair and a plurality of electromagnetic energy transmitters sequentially spaced along the apparatus from the receiver pair, such transmitters being sequentially pulsed at approximately 1-2 MHz each to provide time separation between the pulsing of the plurality of transmitters. The closest spaced transmitter is spaced a predetermined distance from the closer receiver to make the depth of investigation of the closest transmitter essentially independent of formation resistivity. Alternatively, a single transmitter is spaced a predetermined distance from the closer receiver to make the depth of investigation of such transmitter essentially independent of formation resistivity.
摘要翻译：用于确定从地球钻孔的多个径向距离处的地层电阻率的装置和方法使用沿着装置与接收器对顺序间隔开的单个接收器对和多个电磁能量发射器，这样的发射器在大约1-2 MHz以提供多个发射机的脉冲之间的时间间隔。最近距离的发射机距离较近的接收器间隔一预定的距离，使得最接近的发射机的研究深度基本上与地层电阻率无关。或者，单个发射器与较近的接收器隔开预定的距离，使得这种发射器的深度基本上与地层电阻率无关。

4. 发明授权

US5159577A Technique for reducing whirling of a drill string 失效
标题翻译：减少钻石钻头的技术
公开(公告)号：US5159577A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-27
申请号：US755483
申请日：1991-09-05
申请人： James R. Twist
发明人： James R. Twist
IPC分类号： E21B44/00 , E21B47/00 , G01V1/22 , G01V1/48 , G01V3/18 , G01V11/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/48 , E21B44/00 , E21B47/00 , G01V1/22 , G01V11/002 , G01V3/18
摘要： Improved techniques are provided for correcting signals from a downhole sensor on a drill collar eccentrically rotating within a borehole. The corrected sensor signal may be used to generate a well log which more accurately represents the conditions which the sensor would have generated had the tool been rotating such that the spacing between the sensor and the borehole well remained constant. The sensor signals are generated at time intervals of less than half the period of rotation of the drill collar. The frequency components of the time-varying sensor signals are plotted, and the frequency component attributable to the eccentric rotation between the drill collar and the borehole may be determined. The magnitude of this frequency component may be used to generate a correcting sensor signal, which then modifies the average sensor signal so that a more accurate well log may be obtained. The techniques of the present invention may be used to determine actual rotational speed of the drill collar and the spacing between the sensor and the wall, and are particularly well suited to determining a whirling condition in real time and alter drilling parameters in response thereto.
摘要翻译：提供了改进的技术来校正钻孔套筒内井下传感器在钻孔内偏心旋转的信号。校正的传感器信号可以用于产生测井，其更精确地表示如果工具旋转，传感器将产生的条件，使得传感器和钻孔之间的间隔保持不变。传感器信号以小于钻铤的旋转周期的一半的时间间隔产生。绘制时变传感器信号的频率分量，并且可以确定归因于钻铤和钻孔之间的偏心旋转的频率分量。该频率分量的大小可用于产生校正传感器信号，该信号然后修改平均传感器信号，从而可获得更准确的测井记录。本发明的技术可以用于确定钻铤的实际旋转速度和传感器与壁之间的间距，并且特别适合于实时地确定旋转状态并响应于此改变钻孔参数。

5. 发明授权

US5116095A Apparatus for lifting heavy equipment 失效
标题翻译：用于提升重型设备的装置
公开(公告)号：US5116095A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-26
申请号：US642198
申请日：1991-01-16
申请人： John E. Kotrla
发明人： John E. Kotrla
IPC分类号： E21B19/00 , E21B19/06
CPC分类号： E21B19/00 , E21B19/06
摘要： Running tool apparatus for lifting heavy equipment such as diverters and other devices utilizing a drilling rig drawworks. The running tool has a slotted discs and pins mechanism to cause engaging dogs to engage and disengage the heavy equipment when rotational force is applied. A keeper assembly mounted at the top of the running tool keys into an impression at the top of the heavy equipment to secure the outer body of the running tool with respect to the heavy equipment. The inner body is sealed with respect to the outer body and the tool is shaped so that the heavy equipment can be pressure tested with the running tool engaged in the bore of the heavy equipment.
摘要翻译：用于提升重型设备的运行工具设备，如转向器和其他使用钻机绞车的设备。运行工具具有开槽的盘和销机构，用于当施加旋转力时使得接合爪接合和分离重型设备。安装在运行工具的顶部的保持器组件在重型设备的顶部处键入印模，以相对于重型设备固定运行工具的外部主体。内体相对于外体密封，并且工具的形状使得重型设备可以通过接合在重型设备的孔中的运行工具进行压力测试。

6. 发明授权

US5086646A Apparatus and method for analyzing well fluid sag 失效
标题翻译：用于分析井液的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5086646A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-11
申请号：US405899
申请日：1989-09-12
申请人： Dale E. Jamison , William R. Clements
发明人： Dale E. Jamison , William R. Clements
IPC分类号： E21B49/00 , G01G19/00 , G01N9/00
CPC分类号： G01N9/00 , E21B49/005 , G01G19/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for analyzing sag phenomena in well fluids wherein an elongate container containing a sample of a fluid to be tested is mounted at an angle with respect to vertical on a force responsive device which provides a measurable, variable indication of the center of mass of the container. The angle is chosen to correspond to that of a well deviation angle for which testing is to be done, and the sample may be subjected to heat and pressure to further simulate downhole conditions. The aforementioned indication provided by the force responsive device is repeatedly measured and functionally related to time.

7. 发明授权

US5070904A BOP control system and methods for using same 失效
标题翻译： BOP控制系统及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5070904A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-10
申请号：US543667
申请日：1990-06-26
申请人： James M. McMahon, Jr. , Roland G. Haper, Jr.
发明人： James M. McMahon, Jr. , Roland G. Haper, Jr.
IPC分类号： E21B33/035 , E21B33/06 , E21B33/064
CPC分类号： E21B33/0355 , E21B33/063 , E21B33/064 , Y10T137/0318 , Y10T137/8376
摘要： A BOP subsea control system utilizes hydraulic control of non-critical functions, and electro-hydraulic control of selected critical functions, such as the closing mode of one or more shear ram BOPs, one or more pipe ram BOPs and one or more annular type BOPs. In an alternative embodiment, the use of a conductive fluid in a hydraulic hose enables electric signals and hydraulic signals to be transmitted in the same hose.
摘要翻译： BOP海底控制系统利用非关键功能的液压控制，以及所选临界功能的电液控制，例如一个或多个剪切柱塞BOP的关闭模式，一个或多个管柱塞BOP和一个或多个环形型BOP 。在替代实施例中，在液压软管中使用导电流体使电信号和液压信号能够在相同的软管中传输。

8. 发明授权

US5066059A Drill string compensator with improved transloaders 失效
标题翻译：钻柱补偿器与改进的转运器
公开(公告)号：US5066059A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-19
申请号：US504113
申请日：1990-04-03
申请人： Gary L. Egbert , Philip L. Ziegler III
发明人： Gary L. Egbert , Philip L. Ziegler III
IPC分类号： B66C13/10 , E21B19/09
CPC分类号： B66C13/10 , E21B19/09
摘要： Improved methods and apparatus are provided for adjusting a drill string compensator used for supporting a tubular string passing through a marine drilling vessel. First and second frames of the compensator are interconnected by a plurality of chains or other suitable force transmitting members, eacvh having a threaded rod connected at one end and passing through a respective bore in one of the frames. A plurality of ring-shaped transloader assemblies are provided for uniform tensioning of the force transmitting members, and each transloader assembly is independently axially movable and rotatable about its respective threaded rod. Each transloader assembly preferably includes a sleeve for transmitting load forces between the force transmitting members and the frame, and each sleeve is constructed such that only compressional forces are induced in the sleeve by the load. A biasing device and follower are provided for each of the transloader assemblies such that a uniform biasing force is applied to each of the force transmitting members, while selective positioning of each nut along its respective threaded rod provides for equal working lengths for each flexible force transmitting member. According to the method of the present invention, the force transmitting members are then re-positioned by the insertion of a spacer bar between each transloader and a compensator frame.
摘要翻译：提供了改进的方法和装置，用于调节用于支撑穿过船用钻井船的管柱的钻柱补偿器。补偿器的第一和第二框架通过多个链条或其它合适的力传递构件相互连接，其具有在一端连接并穿过其中一个框架中的相应孔的螺纹杆。提供多个环形转运器组件用于均匀地张紧力传递部件，并且每个转运器组件独立地可轴向移动并围绕其相应的螺杆旋转。每个转运器组件优选地包括用于在力传递构件和框架之间传递载荷力的套筒，并且每个套筒被构造成使得在套筒中仅由负载引起压缩力。为每个转运器组件提供偏置装置和随动件，使得均匀的偏置力被施加到每个力传递部件上，而每个螺母沿其相应的螺杆的选择性定位为每个柔性力传递提供相等的工作长度会员。根据本发明的方法，通过在每个传送器和补偿器框架之间插入间隔杆，力传递部件被重新定位。

9. 发明授权

US5044198A Method of predicting the torque and drag in directional wells 失效
标题翻译：方向井预测扭矩和阻力的方法
公开(公告)号：US5044198A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US546046
申请日：1990-06-28
申请人： Hwa-Shan Ho
发明人： Hwa-Shan Ho
IPC分类号： E21B7/04 , E21B44/00 , E21B47/00
CPC分类号： E21B44/005 , E21B44/00 , E21B47/0006 , E21B7/04
摘要： A method is provided for generating an improved torque-drag model for at least the collar portion of the drill string in a directional oil or gas well. The techniques of the present invention determine the stiffness of incremental portions of the drill string, and uses this information, the borehole clearance, and the borehole trajectory to determine the contact locations between the drill string and the sidewalls of the well. The contact force at these determined locations can be calculated, taking into consideration all significant kinematic, external, and internal forces acting on that incremental portion of the drill string. More acurate torque-drag analysis provided by the improved model of the present invention assists in well planning, prediction, and control, assists in avoiding drilling problems, and reduces total costs for the well.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于产生用于至少在定向油或气井中的钻柱的套环部分的改进的扭矩阻力模型的方法。本发明的技术确定钻柱的增量部分的刚度，并且使用该信息，井眼间隙和钻孔轨迹来确定钻柱和井的侧壁之间的接触位置。考虑到作用在钻柱的该增量部分上的所有重要的运动学，外力和内力，可以计算这些确定位置处的接触力。通过本发明改进的模型提供的更加精确的扭矩 - 阻力分析有助于井下规划，预测和控制，有助于避免钻井问题，并降低井的总成本。

10. 发明授权

US4991438A Magnetic fluid rebalance accelerometers 失效
标题翻译：磁流体重新平衡加速度计
公开(公告)号：US4991438A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US318237
申请日：1989-03-03
申请人： Kenneth S. Evans
发明人： Kenneth S. Evans
IPC分类号： G01P15/13
CPC分类号： G01P15/132
摘要： An accelerometer comprises a housing defining a chamber, a magnetizable fluid within the chamber, an electrically conductive, hollow cylindrical proof mass suspended within the chamber so as to be displaceble from a null position along a displacement axis by an applied force, and a sensing arrangement including electrodes on the inside wall of the chamber for detecting displacement of the proof mass along the displacement axis and for supplying an electrical signal indicative of the applied force. The proof mass is substantially non-magnetic, and magnets are disposed outside the chamber for magnetizing the magnetizable fluid to cause the proof mass to be suspended within the chamber by the fluid. Since there is no requirement for the proof mass to itself be magnetic as in prior accelerometers, it follows that there is no magnetic interaction between the magnetized particles of the fluid and the proof mass, and thus the effective mass of the proof mass will be substantially unchanged by changes in the distribution of the particles. Restoring coils are provided to restore the proof mass to a null position by inducing current flow in the proof mass.
摘要翻译：加速度计包括限定腔室的壳体，腔室内的可磁化流体，悬挂在腔室内的导电中空圆柱形防弹块，以便通过施加的力沿位移轴线从零位置移位;以及感测装置包括在室的内壁上的电极，用于检测校准块沿着位移轴的位移，并提供指示所施加的力的电信号。检测质量基本上是非磁性的，并且磁体设置在室外面，用于磁化可磁化流体，以使得证明物质被流体悬浮在室内。由于不需要像以前的加速度计那样，其自身的磁性本身就是磁性的，所以在流体的磁化颗粒与检测质量之间不存在磁性相互作用，因此证明物质的有效质量基本上是通过粒子分布的变化不变。提供恢复线圈以通过引导电流在检验质量块中来将证明质量块恢复到零位置。

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