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1. 发明授权

US6143699A Process for reducing permeability in a subterranean formation 失效
标题翻译：减少地层中渗透性的方法
公开(公告)号：US6143699A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US760573
申请日：1996-12-04
申请人： Zhihong Zhou
发明人： Zhihong Zhou
IPC分类号： C09K8/504 , C09K3/00 , E21B21/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/5045
摘要： A method is provided for blocking high permeability channels in subterranean geological formations, using swelling clay. A slurry is prepared by mixing swelling clay, such as bentonite, into an aqueous solution containing the salt of certain cations, which inhibit clay swelling. The cations K.sup.+, Ca.sup.2+ and Mg.sup.2+, among others, are inhibitive of clay swelling. The clay slurry is introduced into a geological formation, where it preferentially enters channels of high permeability. There the slurry is contacted by NaCl brine solution present in natural or injected drive fluids, and the inhibitive cations bound to the clay particles are replaced by Na.sup.+ ions, which attract water molecules and promote clay swelling. The Na.sup.+ -clay swells to up to 10 times its original volume, causing the slurry to acquire a gel-like consistency. The clay gel so formed is capable of blocking the flow of water, and can resist pressure of up to 500 kPa per meter.
摘要翻译：提供了使用膨胀粘土阻挡地下地质构造中的高渗透性通道的方法。通过将膨润土如膨润土混合到含有某些阳离子的盐的水溶液中来制备浆料，其抑制粘土溶胀。阳离子K +，Ca2 +和Mg2 +等都是抑制粘土膨胀的。将泥浆引入地质层，优先进入高渗透通道。在天然或注射的驱动流体中存在的NaCl盐水溶液与浆料接触，与粘土颗粒结合的抑制性阳离子被Na +离子所代替，吸收水分子并促进粘土溶胀。 Na + -clay溶胀到其原始体积的10倍，导致浆液获得凝胶状稠度。如此形成的粘土凝胶能够阻挡水的流动，并且可以抵抗高达500千帕/米的压力。

2. 发明授权

US5366596A Dry thermal processor 失效
标题翻译：干热处理器
公开(公告)号：US5366596A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US73438
申请日：1993-06-09
申请人： William Taciuk , Roderick Caple , Sean Goodwin , Gordon Taciuk
发明人： William Taciuk , Roderick Caple , Sean Goodwin , Gordon Taciuk
IPC分类号： C10B1/10
CPC分类号： C10B1/10
摘要： The processor is of the type incorporating horizontal, concentric, co-extensive inner and outer tubular members which rotate together. The processor is modified in the following respects:The front end of the inner tubular member is circumferentially corrugated and may be provided in the form of a plurality of parallel tubes arranged in a ring array, to thereby increase the shell area to promote heat transfer through the tube walls;Means are provided for interconnecting the tubular members, which means can accommodate differing rates of thermal expansion; anda rock recycle tube assembly is provided to recover oversize material leaving the corrugated portion of the inner tubular member and reject it from the processor.
摘要翻译：处理器是包括横向，同心，共同的内部和外部管状构件的类型的处理器，其一起旋转。处理器在以下方面进行了改进：内管状构件的前端是周向波纹状的，并且可以以多个平行管的形式设置成环形阵列，从而增加壳体区域以促进热传递管壁; 提供了用于互连管状构件的装置，这意味着可以适应不同的热膨胀率; 并且提供岩石再循环管组件以回收离开内管状构件的波纹部分的大尺寸材料并将其从处理器中排除。

3. 发明授权

US5290428A Superacid catalyzed hydrocracking of heavy oils and bitumens 失效
标题翻译：重油和沥青的超酸催化加氢裂化
公开(公告)号：US5290428A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US850271
申请日：1992-03-12
申请人： Otto P. Strausz , Thomas W. Mojelsky , John D. Payzant , George A. Olah , Surya G. K. Prakash
发明人： Otto P. Strausz , Thomas W. Mojelsky , John D. Payzant , George A. Olah , Surya G. K. Prakash
IPC分类号： B01J27/12 , C07B61/00 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/06 , C10G47/00 , C10G47/08 , C10G47/34 , C10G23/02
CPC分类号： C10G47/00
摘要： A process is provided for hydrocracking a heavy oil bitumen and chemically related feedstock. The process comprises reacting said feedstock with a gaseous superacid in the presence of hydrogen with or without the use of a hydrogen transfer agent to thereby yield lower boiling point distillates.
摘要翻译：提供了一种加氢裂化重油沥青和化学相关原料的方法。该方法包括在氢气存在下使用或不使用氢转移剂使所述原料与气体超强酸反应，从而得到低沸点馏分。

4. 发明授权

US4506733A Additive for inclusion in a heavy oil reservoir undergoing steam injection 失效
标题翻译：包含在进行蒸汽注入的重油储层中的添加剂
公开(公告)号：US4506733A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-26
申请号：US525349
申请日：1983-08-19
申请人： James B. Hyne , Peter D. Clark
发明人： James B. Hyne , Peter D. Clark
IPC分类号： C09K8/592 , C09K8/60 , E21B43/24 , E21B36/00
CPC分类号： E21B43/24 , C09K8/592 , C09K8/60 , Y10S507/936
摘要： The viscosity of heavy oil may be incrementally reduced over what can be achieved by steam alone, by introducing an aqueous metal salt solution into a reservoir undergoing steam injection. The metal ion is selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and Al. In a preferred feature CO is also introduced as a second additive, with a further oil viscosity reduction being observed with certain of the metal ions.
摘要翻译：通过将金属盐水溶液引入经历蒸汽注入的储存器中，重油的粘度可以比单独的蒸汽可以增加地降低。金属离子选自Ti，V，Cr，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn，Mo和Al。在优选的特征中，还引入CO作为第二添加剂，其中某些金属离子观察到另外的油粘度降低。

5. 发明授权

US4501648A Electrophoretic process for separating aqueous mineral suspensions 失效
标题翻译：用于分离含水矿物悬浮液的电泳方法
公开(公告)号：US4501648A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-26
申请号：US476820
申请日：1983-03-24
申请人： Robert A. Ritter
发明人： Robert A. Ritter
IPC分类号： B01D57/02 , C25B7/00 , C02F1/46
CPC分类号： B01D57/02 , C25B7/00
摘要： An aqueous suspension of fine mineral solids, for example oil sand tailings sludge, is separated into separate solid and liquid components by first chemically conditioning the suspension with the addition of lime, and thereafter passing an electrical potential between electrodes submerged in the suspension. The electrical potential causes the solids to migrate toward, and deposit on, the positive of the electrodes. The lime pre-treatment allows the electrode deposit to dry, through electroosmosis, to render it sufficiently dry by disposal. The chemical conditioning step preferably includes adding a carbonate- or bicarbonate-forming reagent after the lime addition.
摘要翻译：通过首先用添加石灰对悬浮液进行化学调理，然后在浸没在悬浮液中的电极之间通过电势，将细矿物固体（例如油砂尾矿污泥）的水悬浮液分离成单独的固体和液体组分。电势导致固体向电极迁移并沉积在电极的正极上。石灰预处理允许电极沉积物通过电渗而干燥，使其通过处理足够干燥。化学调理步骤优选包括在加入石灰之后加入碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐形成试剂。

6. 发明授权

US4438218A Catalyst for sulphur removal from hydrocarbons 失效
标题翻译：从烃中除硫的催化剂
公开(公告)号：US4438218A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-20
申请号：US286843
申请日：1981-07-27
申请人： Philip M. Boorman , Tristram Chivers , Donald F. Tavares , Kalabeerappa N. Mahadev
发明人： Philip M. Boorman , Tristram Chivers , Donald F. Tavares , Kalabeerappa N. Mahadev
IPC分类号： B01J27/04 , B01J27/043 , B01J27/051 , C10G29/10 , C10G45/04 , B01J23/04
CPC分类号： C10G29/10 , B01J27/04 , B01J27/043 , B01J27/051 , C10G45/04
摘要： A novel catalyst is provided which is effective in removing at least a portion of the sulphur contained in hydrocarbons, without the use of an external hydrogen source. The catalyst is a sulphided mixture, on a catalyst support, of (a) a sulphide of one or more of the transition metals iron, vanadium, molybdenum and copper, (b) a sulphide of either sodium or potassium, and (c) a hydroxide of either sodium or potassium. Sulphur removal with the catalyst is demonstrated with oil sand bitumen, heavy crude oil and asphaltenes.
摘要翻译：提供了一种新的催化剂，其有效地除去烃中所含的至少一部分硫，而不使用外部氢源。催化剂是在（a）一种或多种过渡金属铁，钒，钼和铜的硫化物的催化剂载体上的硫化混合物，（b）钠或钾的硫化物，和（c）钠或钾的氢氧化物。使用油砂沥青，重质原油和沥青质显示了用催化剂除硫。

7. 发明授权

US4306961A Process for recovery of hydrocarbons from inorganic host materials 失效
标题翻译：从无机主体材料回收烃的方法
公开(公告)号：US4306961A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-22
申请号：US158068
申请日：1980-06-09
申请人： William Taciuk
发明人： William Taciuk
IPC分类号： B01J8/10 , C10B1/10 , C10C3/00 , C10G1/02 , C10G9/28 , C10G1/00
CPC分类号： B01J8/10 , C10B1/10 , C10C3/007 , C10G1/02 , C10G9/28 , B01J2219/182
摘要： A dry thermal processor is provided for recovering hydrocarbons from oil sand solids. The processor comprises concentric, radially spaced, horizontal inner and outer tubular members connected for rotation together. The inner member provides a substantially open preheat zone and vaporization zone while the outer member provides, in the annular space between the tubular members, a substantially open combustion zone and heat transfer zone. The ends of the outer member are sealed by stationary feed end and product end structures. Advance means move the oil sand solids from the feed end structure through the preheat and vaporization zones to the product end structure and back through the combustion and heat transfer zones. In the preheat zone the oil sands are progressively heated and dehydrated by heat transferred through walls of the inner member from hot solids being dropped thereon in the heat transfer zone. Rotation of the inner member causes size reduction of the oil sand feed in the preheat zone, and oversize is discharged directly into the annular space at the second end of the preheat zone. In the vaporization zone, the preheated oil sands are mixed with hot sand solids recycled from the combustion zone to thereby vaporize the hydrocarbon content of the oil sands and produce a coke residue on the sands. These coked sands are transferred into the combustion zone where they are struck by air to support combustion of the coke. This combustion together with supplemental heat provide the heat requirements of the processor.
摘要翻译：提供干热处理器用于从油砂固体回收烃。处理器包括同心的，径向间隔开的水平的内部和外部管状构件，其连接用于一起旋转。内部构件提供基本上开放的预热区域和蒸发区域，而外部构件在管状构件之间的环形空间中提供基本上敞开的燃烧区域和传热区域。外部构件的端部由固定的进给端和产品端部结构密封。推进意味着将油砂固体从进料端结构移动通过预热和蒸发区域到产品端部结构并且通过燃烧和传热区域返回。在预热区域，油砂通过内部构件的壁传递的热量逐渐加热和脱水，热传递区域中的热固体落在其上。内部构件的旋转导致预热区域中的油砂进料的尺寸减小，并且超大尺寸直接排放到预热区域的第二端处的环形空间中。在蒸发区中，将预热的油砂与从燃烧区再循环的热砂固体混合，从而汽化油砂的烃含量并在砂上产生焦炭残渣。这些焦化砂被转移到燃烧区，在那里被空气冲击以支持焦炭的燃烧。这种燃烧与补充热量一起提供了处理器的热量要求。

8. 发明授权

US4280879A Apparatus and process for recovery of hydrocarbons from inorganic host materials 失效
标题翻译：从无机主体材料回收碳氢化合物的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4280879A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-28
申请号：US91910
申请日：1979-11-06
申请人： William Taciuk
发明人： William Taciuk
IPC分类号： B09C1/06 , C10B1/10 , C10G1/02 , C10B7/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/02 , B09C1/06 , C10B1/10
摘要： A dry thermal processor for recovering hydrocarbons from oil sand solids comprises concentric, radially spaced, horizontal inner and outer tubular members connected for rotation together. The inner member provides a substantially open preheat zone and vaporization zone while the outer member provides, in the annular space between the tubular members, a substantially open combustion zone and heat transfer zone. The ends of the outer member are sealed by stationary feed end and product end structures. Advance means move the oil sand solids from the feed end structure through the preheat and vaporization zones to the product end structure and back through the combustion and heat transfer zones. Rotation of the inner member causes size reduction of the oil sand feed in the preheat zone, and oversize is discharged directly into the annular space at the second end of the preheat zone. Separate means are provided for removing the gases produced in the zones, said means maintaining the gaseous atmospheres in the preheat zone, vaporization zone and annular space substantially segregated from each other.
摘要翻译：用于从油砂固体回收碳氢化合物的干热处理器包括连接以一起旋转的同心的，径向间隔开的水平的内部和外部管状构件。内部构件提供基本上开放的预热区域和蒸发区域，而外部构件在管状构件之间的环形空间中提供基本上敞开的燃烧区域和传热区域。外部构件的端部由固定的进给端和产品端部结构密封。推进意味着将油砂固体从进料端结构移动通过预热和蒸发区域到产品端部结构并且通过燃烧和传热区域返回。内部构件的旋转导致预热区域中的油砂进料的尺寸减小，并且超大尺寸直接排放到预热区域的第二端处的环形空间中。提供分离的装置用于去除区域中产生的气体，所述装置将气氛气氛保持在预热区域，蒸发区域和环形空间基本上彼此分离。

9. 发明授权

US5413175A Stabilization and control of hot two phase flow in a well 失效
标题翻译：井中热两相流的稳定和控制
公开(公告)号：US5413175A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US227116
申请日：1994-04-13
申请人： Neil Edmunds
发明人： Neil Edmunds
IPC分类号： E21B21/16 , E21B34/16 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/24 , E21B47/06
CPC分类号： E21B43/2406 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/305 , E21B47/10
摘要： A method is provided for the stabilization and control of the two-phase flow of hot fluid containing water issuing from the top of an upwardly rising conduit or riser of a horizontal oil-production well. The fluid enters the bottom of the riser at a temperature higher than the saturation temperature of water at the conditions prevailing at the top of the riser. A first mass rate flow controller is coupled to a mass rate flow detector at the top of the well for controlling mass flow at a substantially constant rate over a short time interval. Signals indicative of the optimal flow rate for the process are input to a second controller. The second controller adjusts the mass flow rate setpoint of the first controller. The second controller has a time constant significantly longer than that of the first controller. Thus, the mass rate of hot fluid is controlled at a substantially constant mass rate over the short term, thereby stabilizing two-phase flow, and is adjusted over the longer term to control the flow of fluid at an optimal rate.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于稳定和控制从水平产油井的向上升高的管道或立管的顶部排出的含有水的热流体的两相流的稳定和控制。在提升管顶部的条件下，流体在高于饱和温度的温度下进入提升管的底部。第一质量流量控制器耦合到井的顶部的质量流量检测器，用于在短时间间隔内以基本恒定的速率控制质量流量。指示该过程的最佳流速的信号被输入到第二控制器。第二控制器调节第一控制器的质量流量设定点。第二控制器具有明显长于第一控制器的时间常数。因此，热流体的质量速率在短期内被控制在基本恒定的质量速率，从而稳定两相流，并且在较长时间内进行调节以以最佳速率控制流体流动。

10. 发明授权

US5350014A Control of flow and production of water and oil or bitumen from porous underground formations 失效
标题翻译：控制来自多孔地下地层的水和油或沥青的流动和生产
公开(公告)号：US5350014A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-27
申请号：US842059
申请日：1992-02-26
申请人： Alexander S. McKay
发明人： Alexander S. McKay
IPC分类号： E21B43/24
CPC分类号： E21B43/24
摘要： It has been discovered that the production or recovery of oil or bitumen produced or recovered in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion form a porous water containing oil or bitumen producing formation is maintained and improved by maintaining the temperature of the produced oil or bitumen in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion at a temperature not lower than and preferably greater than Tc, wherein Tc is the minimum temperature for the oil or bitumen, such as in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion, to flow through the porous water-containing oil or bitumen producing formation. In a special practice of this invention to prevent water coning, a substantially water impermeable barrier can be produced in a water saturated formation by depositing therein a bitumen or oil-in-water emulsion barrier or zone at a temperature below Tc.
摘要翻译：已经发现，通过保持所产生的油的温度或通过保持所产生的油的温度来维持和改善生产或回收以水包油乳液的形式产生或回收的油或沥青形成含有油或产生沥青的地层的多孔水在水不低于并优选大于Tc的温度下以水包油乳液的形式沥青，其中Tc是油或沥青的最低温度，例如以水包油乳液的形式，流过多孔含水的油或产生沥青的地层。在本发明的防止水锥形的特殊实践中，通过在低于Tc的温度下沉积沥青或水包油乳液屏障或区域，可以在水饱和地层中产生基本不透水的屏障。

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