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1. 发明授权

US08049481B2 Adaptive multi-mode digital control improving light-load efficiency in switching power converters 有权
标题翻译：自适应多模数字控制提高了开关电源转换器的轻载效率
公开(公告)号：US08049481B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-01
申请号：US12608854
申请日：2009-10-29
申请人： Yong Li , Carrie Seim , Junjie Zheng , John W. Kesterson , Liang Yan , Clarita Poon , Fuqiang Shi
发明人： Yong Li , Carrie Seim , Junjie Zheng , John W. Kesterson , Liang Yan , Clarita Poon , Fuqiang Shi
IPC分类号： G05F1/575 , H02M3/335
CPC分类号： H02M3/157 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： Adaptive multi-mode digital control schemes that improve the light-load efficiency (and thus the overall average efficiency) in switch-mode power converters without causing performance issues such as audible noises or excessive voltage ripples. Embodiments include a switch-mode power converter that reduces current in the power converter using a second pulse-width-modulation (PWM) mode before reaching switching frequencies that generate audible noises. As the load across the output of the power converter is reduced, the power converter transitions from a first PWM mode in high load conditions to a first pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) mode, then to a second PWM mode, and finally to a second PFM mode. During the second PFM mode, the switching frequency is dropped to audible frequency levels. Current in the power converter, however, is reduced in the second PWM mode before transitioning to the second PFM mode. Therefore, the power converter produces less or no audible noise in light load conditions where the switching frequency drops to audible frequency levels, while achieving high efficiency across varying load conditions.
摘要翻译：自适应多模数字控制方案，可以提高开关模式电源转换器的轻负载效率（从而提高整体平均效率），而不会引起诸如声音噪声或电压波动过大等性能问题。实施例包括开关模式功率转换器，其在达到产生可听见噪声的开关频率之前，使用第二脉冲宽度调制（PWM）模式减小功率转换器中的电流。随着功率转换器输出端的负载减小，功率转换器从高负载条件下的第一个PWM模式转换到第一个脉冲频率调制（PFM）模式，然后转换到第二个PWM模式，最后到第二PFM模式。在第二个PFM模式下，开关频率下降到可听频率水平。然而，在转换到第二PFM模式之前，功率转换器中的电流在第二PWM模式中减小。因此，功率转换器在轻负载条件下产生较少或没有可听见的噪声，其中开关频率下降到可听频率水平，同时在不同的负载条件下实现高效率。

2. 发明申请

US20100164455A1 ADAPTIVE MULTI-MODE DIGITAL CONTROL IMPROVING LIGHT-LOAD EFFICIENCY IN SWITCHING POWER CONVERTERS 有权
标题翻译：自适应多模数字控制提高开关电源转换器的光负载效率
公开(公告)号：US20100164455A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-01
申请号：US12608854
申请日：2009-10-29
申请人： Yong Li , Carrie Seim , Junjie Zheng , John W. Kesterson , Liang Yan , Clarita Poon , Fuqiang Shi
发明人： Yong Li , Carrie Seim , Junjie Zheng , John W. Kesterson , Liang Yan , Clarita Poon , Fuqiang Shi
IPC分类号： G05F1/10
CPC分类号： H02M3/157 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： Adaptive multi-mode digital control schemes that improve the light-load efficiency (and thus the overall average efficiency) in switch-mode power converters without causing performance issues such as audible noises or excessive voltage ripples. Embodiments include a switch-mode power converter that reduces current in the power converter using a second pulse-width-modulation (PWM) mode before reaching switching frequencies that generate audible noises. As the load across the output of the power converter is reduced, the power converter transitions from a first PWM mode in high load conditions to a first pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) mode, then to a second PWM mode, and finally to a second PFM mode. During the second PFM mode, the switching frequency is dropped to audible frequency levels. Current in the power converter, however, is reduced in the second PWM mode before transitioning to the second PFM mode. Therefore, the power converter produces less or no audible noise in light load conditions where the switching frequency drops to audible frequency levels, while achieving high efficiency across varying load conditions.
摘要翻译：自适应多模数字控制方案，可以提高开关模式电源转换器的轻负载效率（从而提高整体平均效率），而不会引起诸如声音噪声或电压波动过大等性能问题。实施例包括开关模式功率转换器，其在达到产生可听见噪声的开关频率之前，使用第二脉冲宽度调制（PWM）模式减小功率转换器中的电流。随着功率转换器输出端的负载减小，功率转换器从高负载条件下的第一个PWM模式转换到第一个脉冲频率调制（PFM）模式，然后转换到第二个PWM模式，最后到第二PFM模式。在第二个PFM模式下，开关频率下降到可听频率水平。然而，在转换到第二PFM模式之前，功率转换器中的电流在第二PWM模式中减小。因此，功率转换器在轻负载条件下产生较少或没有可听见的噪声，其中开关频率下降到可听频率水平，同时在不同的负载条件下实现高效率。

3. 发明申请

US20100225293A1 ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR TRANSITION BETWEEN MULTIPLE MODULATION MODES IN A SWITCHING POWER CONVERTER 有权
标题翻译：开关电源转换器中多个调制模式之间的过渡自适应控制
公开(公告)号：US20100225293A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-09
申请号：US12398878
申请日：2009-03-05
申请人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
发明人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
IPC分类号： G05F1/10
CPC分类号： H02M3/33507 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： In a switching power converter, PWM mode and PFM mode are separated into two independent control sections with the control voltage range in each control section determined independently. Each of the PWM and PFM modulation modes cannot operate continuously beyond its boundaries, thereby forming a control gap between the two control sections within which no continuous operation is allowed. In order to supply a load condition within the control gap, the power supply operates at the two boundaries of the control gap. Transition between PWM and PFM modes occurs fast, with low output voltage ripple. No limitation needs to be imposed on the control voltage range in each of the PWM and PFM control sections, because the control parameters in the PWM and PFM control sections need not be matched to one another, due to separation of the PWM and PFM modes by the control gap.
摘要翻译：在开关电源转换器中，PWM模式和PFM模式分为两个独立控制部分，每个控制部分的控制电压范围独立确定。每个PWM和PFM调制模式都不能连续超过其边界，从而在两个控制部分之间形成一个控制间隙，在这两个控制部分之间不允许连续的操作。为了在控制间隙内提供负载条件，电源在控制间隙的两个边界处工作。 PWM和PFM模式之间的转换发生得很快，输出电压波动较小。在PWM和PFM控制部分的每个PWM控制部分的控制电压范围不受限制，因为PWM和PFM控制部分中的控制参数不需要彼此匹配，这是由于PWM和PFM模式的分离控制差距。

4. 发明授权

US08199537B2 Detecting light load conditions and improving light load efficiency in a switching power converter 有权
标题翻译：检测轻载条件并提高开关电源转换器的轻负载效率
公开(公告)号：US08199537B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-12
申请号：US12388709
申请日：2009-02-19
申请人： Liang Yan , Xiaoyan Wang , Jun Zheng , Junjie Zheng , Clarita Poon
发明人： Liang Yan , Xiaoyan Wang , Jun Zheng , Junjie Zheng , Clarita Poon
IPC分类号： H02M3/335
CPC分类号： H02M3/33523 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： A switching power converter detects low load conditions based on the ratio of a first peak current value for peak current switching in constant voltage regulation mode to a second peak current value for peak current switching in constant current regulation mode. The power supply load is considered to have a low load if the ratio is lower than a predetermined threshold. Once a low load condition is detected, the switching frequency of the switching power converter is reduced to a level that minimizes switching loss in the power converter. In addition, the switching power converter also adjusts the switching frequency according to the sensed input line voltage. An offset is added to the switching period to reduce the switching frequency of the switching power converter, as the input line voltage is increased.
摘要翻译：开关电源转换器基于用于恒定电流调节模式下的峰值电流切换的恒定电压调节模式中的峰值电流切换的第一峰值电流值与用于恒定电流调节模式下的峰值电流切换的第二峰值电流值的比率来检测低负如果该比率低于预定阈值，则电源负载被认为具有低负载。一旦检测到低负载状态，则将开关功率转换器的开关频率降低到最小化功率转换器中的开关损耗的水平。此外，开关功率转换器还根据感测的输入线电压来调节开关频率。随着输入线电压的增加，偏置被加到开关周期以降低开关功率转换器的开关频率。

5. 发明申请

US20110286248A1 Adaptive Control for Transition Between Multiple Modulation Modes in a Switching Power Converter 有权
标题翻译：用于开关电源转换器中多个调制模式之间转换的自适应控制
公开(公告)号：US20110286248A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-24
申请号：US13198358
申请日：2011-08-04
申请人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
发明人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
IPC分类号： H02M3/335
CPC分类号： H02M3/33507 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： In a switching power converter, PWM mode and PFM mode are separated into two independent control sections with the control voltage range in each control section determined independently. Each of the PWM and PFM modulation modes cannot operate continuously beyond its boundaries, thereby forming a control gap between the two control sections within which no continuous operation is allowed. In order to supply a load condition within the control gap, the power supply operates at the two boundaries of the control gap. Transition between PWM and PFM modes occurs fast, with low output voltage ripple. No limitation needs to be imposed on the control voltage range in each of the PWM and PFM control sections, because the control parameters in the PWM and PFM control sections need not be matched to one another, due to separation of the PWM and PFM modes by the control gap.
摘要翻译：在开关电源转换器中，PWM模式和PFM模式分为两个独立控制部分，每个控制部分的控制电压范围独立确定。每个PWM和PFM调制模式都不能连续超过其边界，从而在两个控制部分之间形成一个控制间隙，在这两个控制部分之间不允许连续的操作。为了在控制间隙内提供负载条件，电源在控制间隙的两个边界处工作。 PWM和PFM模式之间的转换发生得很快，输出电压波动较小。在PWM和PFM控制部分的每个PWM控制部分的控制电压范围不受限制，因为PWM和PFM控制部分中的控制参数不需要彼此匹配，这是由于PWM和PFM模式的分离控制差距。

6. 发明授权

US08018743B2 Adaptive control for transition between multiple modulation modes in a switching power converter 有权
标题翻译：用于开关功率转换器中多个调制模式之间转换的自适应控制
公开(公告)号：US08018743B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-13
申请号：US12398878
申请日：2009-03-05
申请人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
发明人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
IPC分类号： H02M3/335 , H02M3/157
CPC分类号： H02M3/33507 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： In a switching power converter, PWM mode and PFM mode are separated into two independent control sections with the control voltage range in each control section determined independently. Each of the PWM and PFM modulation modes cannot operate continuously beyond its boundaries, thereby forming a control gap between the two control sections within which no continuous operation is allowed. In order to supply a load condition within the control gap, the power supply operates at the two boundaries of the control gap. Transition between PWM and PFM modes occurs fast, with low output voltage ripple. No limitation needs to be imposed on the control voltage range in each of the PWM and PFM control sections, because the control parameters in the PWM and PFM control sections need not be matched to one another, due to separation of the PWM and PFM modes by the control gap.
摘要翻译：在开关电源转换器中，PWM模式和PFM模式分为两个独立控制部分，每个控制部分的控制电压范围独立确定。每个PWM和PFM调制模式都不能连续超过其边界，从而在两个控制部分之间形成一个控制间隙，在这两个控制部分之间不允许连续的操作。为了在控制间隙内提供负载条件，电源在控制间隙的两个边界处工作。 PWM和PFM模式之间的转换发生得很快，输出电压波动较小。在PWM和PFM控制部分的每个PWM控制部分的控制电压范围不受限制，因为PWM和PFM控制部分中的控制参数不需要彼此匹配，这是由于PWM和PFM模式的分离控制差距。

7. 发明授权

US08199539B2 Adaptive control for transition between multiple modulation modes in a switching power converter 有权
标题翻译：用于在开关功率转换器中的多个调制模式之间的转换的自适应控制
公开(公告)号：US08199539B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-12
申请号：US13198358
申请日：2011-08-04
申请人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
发明人： Xiaoyan Wang , Liang Yan , Junjie Zheng , John William Kesterson , Clarita Poon
IPC分类号： H02M3/335 , H02M3/157
CPC分类号： H02M3/33507 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： In a switching power converter, PWM mode and PFM mode are separated into two independent control sections with the control voltage range in each control section determined independently. Each of the PWM and PFM modulation modes cannot operate continuously beyond its boundaries, thereby forming a control gap between the two control sections within which no continuous operation is allowed. In order to supply a load condition within the control gap, the power supply operates at the two boundaries of the control gap. Transition between PWM and PFM modes occurs fast, with low output voltage ripple. No limitation needs to be imposed on the control voltage range in each of the PWM and PFM control sections, because the control parameters in the PWM and PFM control sections need not be matched to one another, due to separation of the PWM and PFM modes by the control gap.
摘要翻译：在开关电源转换器中，PWM模式和PFM模式分为两个独立控制部分，每个控制部分的控制电压范围独立确定。每个PWM和PFM调制模式都不能连续超过其边界，从而在两个控制部分之间形成一个控制间隙，在这两个控制部分之间不允许连续的操作。为了在控制间隙内提供负载条件，电源在控制间隙的两个边界处工作。 PWM和PFM模式之间的转换发生得很快，输出电压波动较小。在PWM和PFM控制部分的每个PWM控制部分的控制电压范围不受限制，因为PWM和PFM控制部分中的控制参数不需要彼此匹配，这是由于PWM和PFM模式的分离控制差距。

8. 发明申请

US20100208500A1 Detecting Light Load Conditions and Improving Light Load Efficiency in a Switching Power Converter 有权
标题翻译：检测轻负载条件并提高开关电源转换器中的轻负载效率
公开(公告)号：US20100208500A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-19
申请号：US12388709
申请日：2009-02-19
申请人： Liang Yan , Xiaoyan Wang , Jun Zheng , Junjie Zheng , Clarita Poon
发明人： Liang Yan , Xiaoyan Wang , Jun Zheng , Junjie Zheng , Clarita Poon
IPC分类号： H02M3/335
CPC分类号： H02M3/33523 , H02M2001/0032 , Y02B70/16
摘要： A switching power converter detects low load conditions based on the ratio of a first peak current value for peak current switching in constant voltage regulation mode to a second peak current value for peak current switching in constant current regulation mode. The power supply load is considered to have a low load if the ratio is lower than a predetermined threshold. Once a low load condition is detected, the switching frequency of the switching power converter is reduced to a level that minimizes switching loss in the power converter. In addition, the switching power converter also adjusts the switching frequency according to the sensed input line voltage. An offset is added to the switching period to reduce the switching frequency of the switching power converter, as the input line voltage is increased.
摘要翻译：开关电源转换器基于用于恒定电流调节模式下的峰值电流切换的恒定电压调节模式中的峰值电流切换的第一峰值电流值与用于恒定电流调节模式下的峰值电流切换的第二峰值电流值的比率来检测低负如果该比率低于预定阈值，则电源负载被认为具有低负载。一旦检测到低负载状态，则将开关功率转换器的开关频率降低到最小化功率转换器中的开关损耗的水平。此外，开关功率转换器还根据感测的输入线电压来调节开关频率。随着输入线电压的增加，偏置被加到开关周期以降低开关功率转换器的开关频率。

9. 发明授权

US07974107B2 System and method for controlling a current limit with primary side sensing using a hybrid PWM and PFM control 有权
标题翻译：使用混合PWM和PFM控制来控制初级侧感测的电流限制的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07974107B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US12199471
申请日：2008-08-27
申请人： Yong Li , Junjie Zheng , Liang Yan , John Kesterson , Xiao Yan Wang
发明人： Yong Li , Junjie Zheng , Liang Yan , John Kesterson , Xiao Yan Wang
IPC分类号： H02M3/335
CPC分类号： H02M3/33523
摘要： A hybrid constant current control system that uses both pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control. When transitioning from constant voltage mode to constant current mode the present invention can continue to control using PWM. Thereafter, when the voltage has dropped, the present invention smoothly transitions to PFM mode. The point of transition is based upon the switching frequency and the lowest rated voltage of operation. The system and method avoids very short (narrow) Ton times which ensures accurate constant current (CC) control with bipolar junction transistor (BJT) devices. The present invention also avoids acoustic noise because the switching frequency is maintained at a high enough level to avoid such acoustic noise even when the energy transferred through the transformer is still substantial and the output voltage is not too low. In addition the output current limit is insensitive to variation in the inductance-input voltage ratio, and is minimized against leakage inductance.
摘要翻译：一种采用脉宽调制（PWM）和脉冲频率调制（PFM）控制的混合恒流控制系统。当从恒定电压模式转换到恒定电流模式时，本发明可以使用PWM继续控制。此后，当电压下降时，本发明平滑地转变为PFM模式。转换点基于开关频率和最低额定工作电压。该系统和方法避免了非常短（窄）的Ton次，从而确保使用双极结型晶体管（BJT）器件进行精确的恒定电流（CC）控制。本发明还避免了声学噪声，因为即使当通过变压器传送的能量仍然很大并且输出电压不是太低时，开关频率被保持在足够高的水平以避免这种声学噪声。此外，输出电流限制对电感 - 输入电压比的变化不敏感，并且对漏电感最小化。

10. 发明申请

US20090059632A1 System And Method For Controlling A Current Limit With Primary Side Sensing Using A Hybrid PWM and PFM Control 有权
标题翻译：使用混合PWM和PFM控制的初级侧检测来控制电流限制的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090059632A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-05
申请号：US12199471
申请日：2008-08-27
申请人： Yong Li , Junjie Zheng , Liang Yan , John Kesterson , Xiao Yan Wang
发明人： Yong Li , Junjie Zheng , Liang Yan , John Kesterson , Xiao Yan Wang
IPC分类号： H02M7/155
CPC分类号： H02M3/33523
摘要： A hybrid constant current control system that uses both pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control. When transitioning from constant voltage mode to constant current mode the present invention can continue to control using PWM. Thereafter, when the voltage has dropped, the present invention smoothly transitions to PFM mode. The point of transition is based upon the switching frequency and the lowest rated voltage of operation. The system and method avoids very short (narrow) Ton times which ensures accurate constant current (CC) control with bipolar junction transistor (BJT) devices. The present invention also avoids acoustic noise because the switching frequency is maintained at a high enough level to avoid such acoustic noise even when the energy transferred through the transformer is still substantial and the output voltage is not too low. In addition the output current limit is insensitive to variation in the inductance-input voltage ratio, and is minimized against leakage inductance.
摘要翻译：一种采用脉宽调制（PWM）和脉冲频率调制（PFM）控制的混合恒流控制系统。当从恒定电压模式转换到恒定电流模式时，本发明可以使用PWM继续控制。此后，当电压下降时，本发明平滑地转变为PFM模式。转换点基于开关频率和最低额定工作电压。该系统和方法避免了非常短（窄）的Ton次，从而确保使用双极结型晶体管（BJT）器件进行精确的恒定电流（CC）控制。本发明还避免了声学噪声，因为即使当通过变压器传送的能量仍然很大并且输出电压不是太低时，开关频率被保持在足够高的水平以避免这种声学噪声。此外，输出电流限制对电感 - 输入电压比的变化不敏感，并且对漏电感最小化。

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