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    • 7. 发明授权
    • High-strain, magnetic field-controlled actuator materials
    • 高应变,磁场控制执行器材料
    • US5958154A
    • 1999-09-28
    • US914669
    • 1997-08-18
    • Robert C. O'HandleyKari M. Ullakko
    • Robert C. O'HandleyKari M. Ullakko
    • H01L41/20H01F1/147
    • H01L41/20
    • Magnetically-controlled actuator materials are provided that produce large actuation stroke, that exhibit fast actuation response time and corresponding high-frequency operation, and that enable efficient actuation energy conversion at convenient operating temperatures. The actuator materials exhibit an austenitic crystal structure above a characteristic phase transformation temperature and exhibit a martensitic twinned crystal structure below the phase transformation temperature. One actuator material provided by the invention is an alloy composition that can be defined generally as (Ni.sub.a Fe.sub.b Co.sub.c).sub.65-x-y (Mn.sub.d Fe.sub.e Co.sub.f).sub.20+x (Ga.sub.g Si.sub.h Al.sub.i).sub.15+y, where x is between about 3 atomic % and about 15 atomic % and y is between about 3 atomic % and about 12 atomic %, and where a+b+c=1, where d+e+f=1, and g+h+i=1. The actuator material is characterized by a magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy that is sufficient for enabling motion of twin boundaries of the martensitic twinned crystal structure in response to application of a magnetic field to the martensitic twinned crystal structure. This enables the material to produce an actuation stroke in response to the magnetic field. Based on this actuation mechanism, the actuator materials of the invention overcome the thermal, stroke, and frequency response limitations typically associated with actuator materials, and enable a class of actuators with large stroke and high speed at convenient temperatures.
    • 提供了磁控制致动器材料,其产生大的致动行程,其表现出快速的致动响应时间和相应的高频操作,并且能够在方便的工作温度下实现有效的致动能量转换。 致动器材料表现出高于特征相变温度的奥氏体晶体结构,并且在相变温度以下显示出马氏体孪晶晶体结构。 由本发明提供的一种致动器材料是可以通常定义为(NiaFebCoc)65-xy(MndFeeCof)20 + x(GagSihAli)15 + y,其中x为约3原子%至约15原子%之间的合金组合物,以及 y在约3原子%至约12原子%之间,其中a + b + c = 1,其中d + e + f = 1,g + h + i = 1。 致动器材料的特征在于磁晶各向异性能量,足以使马氏体孪晶晶体结构的双边界响应于对马氏体孪晶晶体结构施加磁场的运动。 这使得材料能够响应于磁场而产生致动行程。 基于该致动机构,本发明的致动器材料克服了通常与致动器材料相关联的热,冲程和频率响应限制,并且使得能够在方便的温度下具有大冲程和高速的一类致动器。