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1. 发明授权

US06805817B2 Molecular devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display 失效
标题翻译：通过电场激活的分子器件用于电子墨水等视觉显示
公开(公告)号：US06805817B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-19
申请号：US09932186
申请日：2001-08-17
申请人： Xiao-An Zhang , Alexandre Bratkovski , Yong Chen , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
发明人： Xiao-An Zhang , Alexandre Bratkovski , Yong Chen , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
IPC分类号： H01B112
CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 , B82Y10/00 , C09D11/03 , C09D11/50 , C09K9/02 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/17 , G02F1/174 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/04 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/77
摘要： An electric field activated molecular system, preferably bi-stable, configured within an electric field generated by a pair of electrodes is provided for use, e.g., as electronic ink or other visual displays. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a change (reversible or irreversible) of the extent of the electron conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap, wherein in a first state, there is substantial conjugation throughout the molecular system, resulting in a relatively smaller band gap, and wherein in a second state, the substantial conjugation is destroyed, resulting in a relatively larger band gap. The changing of substantial conjugation may be accomplished in one of the following ways: (1) charge separation or recombination accompanied by increasing or decreasing electron localization in the molecule; or (2) change of substantial conjugation via charge separation or recombination and&pgr;-bond breaking or making. A primary advantage of the molecular system is improved contrast. Because the colorant of the present invention is molecular and thus effectively monoplanar, there should be no backside reflection or excessive scattering from the colorant. A second advantage of the present invention is improved resolution. Finally, each molecule of the present invention will latch to stabilize one or the other of its color states.
摘要翻译：提供了在由一对电极产生的电场内配置的电场活化分子系统，优选双稳态，用于例如电子墨水或其它视觉显示器。分子系统具有电场诱导的带隙变化，其通过经由化学键合改变的电子共轭程度的变化（可逆的或不可逆的）发生，以改变带隙，其中在第一状态下，在整个分子系统，导致相对较小的带隙，并且其中在第二状态下，基本共轭被破坏，导致相对较大的带隙。基本共轭的改变可以通过以下方式之一来实现：（1）伴随着分子中电子定位增加或减少的电荷分离或重组; 或（2）通过电荷分离或重组和断裂或制造改变基本共轭。分子系统的主要优点是对比度提高。因为本发明的着色剂是分子的，因此有效地是单面的，所以不应该有着色剂的背面反射或过度的散射。本发明的第二个优点是分辨率提高。最后，本发明的每个分子将锁定以稳定其一个或多个其颜色状态。

2. 发明授权

US07714438B2 Bistable molecular mechanical devices with a band gap change activated by an electrical field for electronic switching, gating, and memory applications 失效
标题翻译：具有带隙变化的双稳态分子机械器件通过用于电子开关，门控和存储器应用的电场激活
公开(公告)号：US07714438B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US09823195
申请日：2001-03-29
申请人： Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
发明人： Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
IPC分类号： H01L51/40 , H01L29/40
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/174 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/04 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H01L51/0591
摘要： Molecular systems are provided for electric field activated switches, such as a crossed-wire device or a pair of electrodes to which the molecular system is linked by linking moieties. The crossed-wire device comprises a pair of crossed wires that form a junction where one wire crosses another at an angle other than zero degrees and at least one connector species connecting the pair of crossed wires in the junction. The connector species comprises the molecular system, which has an electric field induced band gap change, and thus a change in its electrical conductivity, that occurs via one of the following mechanisms: (1) molecular conformation change; (2) change of extended conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap; or (3) molecular folding or stretching. Nanometer-scale reversible electronic switches are thus provided that can be assembled easily to make cross-bar circuits, which provide memory, logic, and communication functions.
摘要翻译：为电场激活的开关提供分子系统，例如交叉线装置或分子系统通过连接部分连接的一对电极。交叉线装置包括一对交叉导线，其形成一个线，其中一条线以零度以外的角度交叉另一条线，以及至少一个连接器种类，连接该交点中的一对交叉线。连接器种类包括分子系统，其具有电场诱导的带隙变化，并因此导致其电导率的变化，其通过以下机制之一发生：（1）分子构象变化; （2）通过化学键改变扩展共轭的变化来改变带隙; 或（3）分子折叠或拉伸。因此提供了可以容易地组装的纳米级可逆电子开关，以提供提供存储器，逻辑和通信功能的交叉电路。

3. 发明授权

US07095404B2 Electronic writing and erasing pencil 失效
标题翻译：电子书写和擦除铅笔
公开(公告)号：US07095404B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US10670479
申请日：2003-09-25
申请人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
发明人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
IPC分类号： G09G5/00 , G09G3/38
CPC分类号： G06F3/03545
摘要： An electronic writing instrument for rewritable electronic writing surfaces. A self-powered, untethered, pencil-like instrument uses a perpendicular fringe field for changing the orientation of pixels composed of bistable, bichromal colorant elements. An appendix hereto describes bistable, bichromal, molecular colorant.
摘要翻译：一种用于可重写电子书写表面的电子书写工具。自动供电的，无铅的，铅笔般的仪器使用垂直条纹场来改变由双稳态色度元件组成的像素的取向。其中附录描述双稳态，双色，分子着色剂。

4. 发明授权

US06937357B1 Hard copy system including rewritable media 失效
标题翻译：硬拷贝系统，包括可重写介质
公开(公告)号：US06937357B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US10016560
申请日：2001-10-30
申请人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
发明人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
IPC分类号： G02F1/15 , B41J3/36 , B41J3/407 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： B41J3/4076 , B41J3/36
摘要： The present invention provides a printer and media solution that is conducive to briefcase-compatible compactness, battery operation, and media reuse. The printer consists of a low power, electrode array that images the surface of a paper-like, rewritable sheet. The sheet is responsive to pixel-sized electric fields produced by each electrode, resulting in a pixel array that is imaged in response to field polarity. The sheet is coated with a rewritable colorant that is a highly energy efficient, bistable, bi-modal molecular layer, requiring energy only to change an image, not to hold or illuminate it.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种有利于公文包兼容的紧凑性，电池操作和媒体再利用的打印机和媒体解决方案。打印机由低功率电极阵列组成，可以对纸张，可重写片材的表面进行成像。片材响应于由每个电极产生的像素尺寸的电场，导致响应于场极性成像的像素阵列。该片材涂覆有可重写的着色剂，其是高能量，双稳态，双分子分子层，仅需要能量来改变图像，而不是保持或照亮它。

5. 发明授权

US06763158B1 Molecular mechanical devices with a band gap change activated by an electric field for optical switching applications 失效
标题翻译：具有带隙变化的分子机械器件由光电开关应用的电场激活
公开(公告)号：US06763158B1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-13
申请号：US09844862
申请日：2001-04-27
申请人： Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
发明人： Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G11C13/02 , B82Y10/00 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/061 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/174 , G11C13/0014 , G11C13/04 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81
摘要： Molecular systems are provided for electric field activated switches, such as optical switches. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via one of the following mechanisms: (1) molecular conformation change; (2) change of extended conjugation via chemical bonding change to change the band gap; or (3) molecular folding or stretching. Nanometer-scale reversible optical switches are thus provided that can be assembled easily to make a variety of optical devices, including optical displays.
摘要翻译：为电场激活开关（如光开关）提供分子系统。分子系统具有通过以下机制之一发生的电场诱导的带隙变化：（1）分子构象变化; （2）通过化学键改变扩展共轭的变化来改变带隙; 或（3）分子折叠或拉伸。因此，提供了能够容易地组装以制造包括光学显示器在内的各种光学装置的纳米级的可逆光学开关。

6. 发明授权

US07193605B2 High resolution display 失效
标题翻译：高分辨率显示
公开(公告)号：US07193605B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-20
申请号：US10698691
申请日：2003-10-30
申请人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
发明人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
IPC分类号： G09G3/34
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B82Y20/00 , G02F1/15
摘要： Method and apparatus for document content publishing, distribution, and display, including a method of doing business. An electronic display includes at least one reusable imaging stratum forming a pixel array of a bi-modal molecular colorant. Preferably, the molecules have bistable orientations. The imaging stratum having a viewing surface and a back surface. Adjacent said back surface is a background stratum. An addressing device is mounted for selectively switching colorant molecules of the imaging stratum between a transparent orientation and a color-exhibiting orientation. The present invention is adaptable to reflective light, back lit, and projection implementations.
摘要翻译：用于文件内容发布，分发和显示的方法和装置，包括开展业务的方法。电子显示器包括形成双分子分子着色剂的像素阵列的至少一个可重复使用的成像层。优选地，分子具有双稳态取向。成像层具有观察表面和后表面。相邻的背面是背景层。安装寻址装置，用于选择性地将成像层的着色剂分子切换到透明取向和显色取向之间。本发明适用于反射光，背光和投影实现。

7. 发明授权

US06934424B2 E-field-modulated bistable molecular mechanical device 有权
标题翻译：电场调制双稳态分子机械装置
公开(公告)号：US06934424B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-23
申请号：US10794689
申请日：2004-03-03
申请人： Xiao-An Zhang , Zhang Lin Zhou , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
发明人： Xiao-An Zhang , Zhang Lin Zhou , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
IPC分类号： G02B26/02 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/17 , G11C11/56 , G11C13/02 , G11C23/00 , G02F1/035
CPC分类号： G11C11/5664 , B82Y10/00 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/174 , G11C13/0014 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/04 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/71 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81
摘要： A molecular system is provided for nanometer-scale reversible electronic and optical switches, specifically, electric field-activated molecular switches that have an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via rotation of rotor units connected to immobile stator units. The molecular system has two branches on one side of an immobile junction unit and one or two branches on the opposite side to thereby provide “Y” and “X” configurations, respectively. The ends of the branches opposite the junction unit are connected to, or electrically associated with, other molecular systems or substrates, such as electrodes. The rotor units each rotate between two states as a function of an externally-applied field. Both multi-stable molecular mechanical devices and electric field-activated optical switches are provided.
摘要翻译：为纳米尺度的可逆电子和光开关提供分子系统，具体地说，具有通过连接到不动定子单元的转子单元旋转而产生的电场感应带隙变化的电场激活分子开关。分子系统在固定接合单元的一侧上具有两个分支，在相对侧上具有一个或两个分支，从而分别提供“Y”和“X”构型。与接合单元相对的分支的端部连接到其它分子系统或基底（例如电极）上或与其电连接。转子单元各自作为外部施加场的函数在两个状态之间旋转。提供了多稳定分子机械装置和电场激活光开关。

8. 发明授权

US06853478B2 Color display with molecular light valve 失效
标题翻译：彩色显示分子灯
公开(公告)号：US06853478B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-08
申请号：US10171060
申请日：2002-06-13
申请人： Kent D. Vincent , Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams
发明人： Kent D. Vincent , Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams
IPC分类号： G02F1/00 , G02F1/061 , G02B26/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/061 , G02F1/0018 , G02F2201/12
摘要： A molecular light valve mechanism is used for imaging on an adjacent pixel-patterned construct. An electrical fringe field or through field is used to transform targeted pixels by switching light valve molecules between a first non-transparent state and transparent state, providing information content on the adjacent pixel-patterned imaging layer.
摘要翻译：分子光阀机构用于在相邻像素图案构造上成像。通过在第一非透明状态和透明状态之间切换光阀分子来使用电边缘场或通过场来转换目标像素，从而在相邻像素图案成像层上提供信息内容。

9. 发明授权

US06850230B1 Electronic writing and erasing pencil 失效
标题翻译：电子书写和擦除铅笔
公开(公告)号：US06850230B1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US09981131
申请日：2001-10-16
申请人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
发明人： Kent D. Vincent , R. Stanley Williams , Xiao-An Zhang
IPC分类号： B43K29/093 , B43K29/08 , B43L1/00 , G02F1/17 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/041 , G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06F3/03545
摘要： An electronic writing instrument for rewritable electronic writing surfaces. A self-powered, untethered, pencil-like instrument uses a fringe field for changing the orientation of pixels composed of molecular colorant elements. An appendix hereto describes the molecular colorant.
摘要翻译：一种用于可重写电子书写表面的电子书写工具。自动供电的，无铅的，铅笔般的仪器使用边缘场来改变由分子着色剂元件组成的像素的取向。附录中描述了分子着色剂。

10. 发明授权

US06947205B2 Bistable molecular mechanical devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display applications 失效
标题翻译：双电阻分子机械装置由电场激活用于电子墨水等视觉显示应用
公开(公告)号：US06947205B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-20
申请号：US09898799
申请日：2001-07-03
申请人： Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
发明人： Xiao-An Zhang , R. Stanley Williams , Kent D. Vincent
IPC分类号： G02F1/17 , G02B26/02 , G02F1/15 , G11C13/02 , G11C23/00 , G02F1/29 , G02F1/00
CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 , B82Y10/00 , G02B26/026 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/174 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/04 , G11C23/00 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/77
摘要： An electric field activated bi-stable molecular system configured within an electric field generated by a pair of electrodes is provided for use, e.g., as electronic ink or other visual displays. The molecular system has at least one rotor portion connected to at least one stator portion, wherein the rotor portion rotates with respect to the stator portion between at least two different states upon application of the electric field, thereby inducing a band gap change in the molecular system, wherein in a first state, there is extended conjugation throughout the major portion of the molecular system, resulting in a relatively smaller band gap, and wherein in a second state, the extended conjugation is destroyed, resulting in a relatively larger band gap. A primary advantage of the molecular system is improved contrast. Because the colorant of the present invention is molecular and thus effectively monoplanar, there should be no backside reflection or scattering from the colorant. A second advantage of the present invention is improved resolution. Finally, each molecule of the present invention will latch to stabilize one or the other of its color states.
摘要翻译：提供了由一对电极产生的电场内配置的电场激活的双稳态分子系统，例如用作电子墨水或其它视觉显示器。分子系统具有连接至少一个定子部分的至少一个转子部分，其中转子部分在施加电场时在至少两个不同状态之间相对于定子部分旋转，由此引起分子中的带隙变化系统，其中在第一状态下，在分子系统的整个主要部分存在延伸的共轭，导致相对较小的带隙，并且其中在第二状态下，扩展的共轭被破坏，导致相对较大的带隙。分子系统的主要优点是对比度提高。因为本发明的着色剂是分子且因此有效地是单面的，所以不应该有着色剂的背面反射或散射。本发明的第二个优点是分辨率提高。最后，本发明的每个分子将锁定以稳定其一个或多个其颜色状态。

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