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1. 发明授权

US06930616B2 Method and apparatus for LWD shear velocity measurement 有权
标题翻译： LWD剪切速度测量方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06930616B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-16
申请号：US10753509
申请日：2004-01-08
申请人： Xiao Ming Tang , Tsili Wang , Douglas J. Patterson , James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinsky
发明人： Xiao Ming Tang , Tsili Wang , Douglas J. Patterson , James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinsky
IPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/48 , G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/48 , G01V1/44
摘要： Array quadrupole data obtained in a LWD environment are processed to determine the shear velocity of an earth formation taking into account dispersion effects caused by the logging tool. When this processing is done in an azimuthally anisotropic formation, the shear velocity that is obtained is the slow shear velocity. When 4C (cross-dipole) data are also obtained, then both the fast and slow shear velocities of an azimuthally anisotropic formation can be obtained.
摘要翻译：在LWD环境中获得的阵列四极杆数据被处理以确定考虑由测井工具引起的分散效应的地层的剪切速度。当这种处理在方位角各向异性地层中进行时，所获得的剪切速度是缓慢的剪切速度。当也获得4C（交叉偶极）数据时，可以获得方位角各向异性地层的快速和慢速剪切速度。

2. 发明授权

US06985086B2 Method and apparatus for LWD shear velocity measurement 有权
公开(公告)号：US06985086B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-10
申请号：US10958221
申请日：2004-10-04
申请人： Xiao Ming Tang , Douglas J. Patterson , Tsili Wang , James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinksy
发明人： Xiao Ming Tang , Douglas J. Patterson , Tsili Wang , James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinksy
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： The logging tool of this invention includes a transmitter conveyed on a drilling collar for exciting a quadrupole signal in a borehole being drilled by a drill bit and a receiver for receiving the signal. The transmitter is operated at a frequency below the cut-off frequency of the quadrupole collar mode. The received signal consists primarily of the formation quadrupole mode which, at low frequencies, has a velocity that approaches the formation shear velocity. The transmitter, in one embodiment, consists of eight equal sectors of a piezoelectric cylinder mounted on the rim of the drilling collar. The value of the cut-off frequency is primarily dependent on the thickness of the drilling collar. Alternatively, the transmitter may be operated to produce both the collar mode and the formation mode and a processor may be used to filter out the collar mode.

3. 发明授权

US06850168B2 Method and apparatus for LWD shear velocity measurement 有权
标题翻译： LWD剪切速度测量方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06850168B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US10045263
申请日：2001-11-07
申请人： Xiao Ming Tang , Douglas J. Patterson , Tsili Wang , James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinksy
发明人： Xiao Ming Tang , Douglas J. Patterson , Tsili Wang , James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinksy
IPC分类号： E21B47/14 , E02D1/00 , G01V1/00 , G01V1/40 , G01V1/44 , G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： The logging tool of this invention includes a transmitter conveyed on a drilling collar for exciting a quadrupole signal in a borehole being drilled by a drill bit and a receiver for receiving the signal. The transmitter is operated at a frequency below the cut-off frequency of the quadrupole collar mode. The received signal consists primarily of the formation quadrupole mode which, at low frequencies, has a velocity that approaches the formation shear velocity. The transmitter, in one embodiment, consists of eight equal sectors of a piezoelectric cylinder mounted on the rim of the drilling collar. The value of the cut-off frequency is primarily dependent on the thickness of the drilling collar. Alternatively, the transmitter may be operated to produce both the collar mode and the formation mode and a processor may be used to filter out the collar mode.
摘要翻译：本发明的测井工具包括在钻铤上传送的发射器，用于激发由钻头钻的钻孔中的四极杆信号和用于接收信号的接收器。发射机的工作频率低于四极杆模式的截止频率。接收的信号主要由形成四极杆模式组成，在低频时，其具有接近地层剪切速度的速度。在一个实施例中，发射器由安装在钻铤的边缘上的压电圆柱体的八个相等的部分组成。截止频率的值主要取决于钻铤的厚度。或者，发射机可以被操作以产生领模和形成模式，并且处理器可以用于过滤掉套环模式。

4. 发明授权

US06909666B2 Method and apparatus for generating acoustic signals for LWD shear velocity measurement 有权
标题翻译：用于产生LWD剪切速度测量的声学信号的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06909666B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-21
申请号：US10763740
申请日：2004-01-23
申请人： Vladimir Dubinsky , James V. Leggett, III , Douglas J. Patterson , Herbert W. Beimgraben , Julie C. Slaughter , Toby Hansen , Duane E. Canny
发明人： Vladimir Dubinsky , James V. Leggett, III , Douglas J. Patterson , Herbert W. Beimgraben , Julie C. Slaughter , Toby Hansen , Duane E. Canny
IPC分类号： E21B47/14 , E02D1/00 , G01V1/00 , G01V1/40 , G01V1/44 , H04H9/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/52 , G01V1/44 , G10K9/12 , G10K9/121
摘要： An acoustic logging apparatus comprises a drill collar conveyed on a drilling tubular in a borehole within a formation. At least one transmitter is disposed in the drill collar. The transmitter includes at least one magnetostrictive actuator cooperatively coupled by a flexure ring to a piston for converting a magnetostrictive actuator displacement into a related piston displacement for transmitting an acoustic signal in the formation.
摘要翻译：声学测井装置包括在地层内的井眼中的钻井管道上输送的钻铤。至少一个发射器设置在钻铤中。发射机包括至少一个磁致伸缩致动器，其通过弯曲环协作地耦合到活塞，用于将磁致伸缩致动器位移转换为用于在地层中传输声信号的相关活塞位移。

5. 发明授权

US06769497B2 Use of axial accelerometer for estimation of instantaneous ROP downhole for LWD and wireline applications 有权
标题翻译：使用轴向加速度计估计LWD和有线应用的瞬时ROP井下
公开(公告)号：US06769497B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-03
申请号：US10167332
申请日：2002-06-11
申请人： Vladimir Dubinsky , Pushkar N. Jogi , James V. Leggett, III , Douglas J. Patterson , Alexei Bolshakov , Volker Krueger
发明人： Vladimir Dubinsky , Pushkar N. Jogi , James V. Leggett, III , Douglas J. Patterson , Alexei Bolshakov , Volker Krueger
IPC分类号： E21B4402
CPC分类号： E21B44/005 , E21B45/00 , E21B47/04
摘要： Determination of the rate of penetration (ROP) of drilling has usually been based upon surface measurements and may not be an accurate representation of the actual ROP. This can cause problems in Logging While Drilling (LWD). Because of the lack of a high-speed surface-to-downhole communication while drilling, a conventional method of measuring ROP at the surface does not provide a solution to this problem. However, the instantaneous ROP can be derived downhole with a certain degree of accuracy by utilizing an accelerometer placed in (or near) the tool to measure acceleration in the axial direction. When three-component accelerometers are used, the method may be used to determine the true vertical depth of the borehole.
摘要翻译：钻孔的穿透速率（ROP）的确定通常基于表面测量，并且可能不是实际ROP的准确表示。这可能会导致钻井记录（LWD）中的问题。由于在钻孔时缺乏高速的井下通信，传统的测量表面ROP的方法不能解决这个问题。然而，通过利用放置在工具（或附近）中的加速度计来测量轴向方向上的加速度，可以以一定程度的精度在井下导出瞬时ROP。当使用三分量加速度计时，该方法可用于确定钻孔的真实垂直深度。

6. 发明授权

US07301852B2 Methods of generating directional low frequency acoustic signals and reflected signal detection enhancements for seismic while drilling applications 有权
标题翻译：在钻井应用中产生定向低频声信号和反射信号检测增强的方法
公开(公告)号：US07301852B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-27
申请号：US10640240
申请日：2003-08-13
申请人： James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinsky
发明人： James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinsky
IPC分类号： G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： The present invention provides a method and apparatus for using an acoustic logging tool conveyed in a borehole in an earth formation for determining a characteristic of the formation. The method comprises using a first acoustic source for generating an acoustic signal in the earth formation at a first frequency. A second acoustic source spaced apart from the first source is used for generating an acoustic signal in the earth formation at a second frequency different from the first frequency. An acoustic receiver is used for receiving a third acoustic signal indicative of said characteristic. The third acoustic signal has a frequency substantially equal to a difference between the first frequency and the second frequency. The third acoustic signal is produced by a nonlinear interaction between the first signal and the second signal in a portion of said earth formation.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于使用在地层中的钻孔中输送的声学测井工具来确定地层特征的方法和装置。该方法包括使用第一声源以在第一频率处产生地层中的声信号。与第一源间隔开的第二声源用于以不同于第一频率的第二频率在地层中产生声信号。声接收机用于接收指示所述特性的第三声信号。第三声信号的频率基本上等于第一频率和第二频率之间的差。第三声信号是在所述地层的一部分中由第一信号和第二信号之间的非线性相互作用产生的。

7. 发明授权

US6088294A Drilling system with an acoustic measurement-while-driving system for determining parameters of interest and controlling the drilling direction 失效
标题翻译：钻井系统具有声学测量同时钻孔系统，用于确定感兴趣的参数并控制钻井方向
公开(公告)号：US6088294A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US789230
申请日：1997-01-24
申请人： James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinsky , John W. Harrell , William Thomas Balogh , Paul J. G. Seaton , Andrew G. Brooks , Roger P. Herbert
发明人： James V. Leggett, III , Vladimir Dubinsky , John W. Harrell , William Thomas Balogh , Paul J. G. Seaton , Andrew G. Brooks , Roger P. Herbert
IPC分类号： E21B44/00 , G01V1/48 , G01V1/52 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： E21B44/00 , E21B44/005 , G01V1/48 , G01V1/52 , G01V1/523
摘要： The present invention provides a system for drilling boreholes having a downhole subassembly which contains an acoustic measurement-while-drilling system. The acoustic system contains an acoustic transmitter and receiver for determining the acoustic velocity through the formations surrounding the borehole ad an acoustic transmitter and a set of receivers for determining the bed boundaries surrounding the borehole formation utilizing the acoustic velocities measured by the system. The downhole subassembly also contains a computing system which performs computations downhole and transmits certain answers uphole during the drilling operations. The bed boundary information is utilized to drill the wellbore along a desired wellbore path. The downhole computing system correlates the acoustic sensor measurements with other measurement-while-drilling measurements and transmits selected correlated information uphole. The downhole computing system contains predetermined well profile which is updated based on the bed boundary information. The system may be adapted to correct or update seismic data and offset well data based on acoustic sensor system measurements.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于钻孔的系统，其具有包含声学测量同时钻孔系统的井下子组件。声学系统包含声发射器和接收器，用于确定通过钻孔周围的地层和声发射器和一组接收器的声速，用于利用系统测量的声速确定钻孔地层周围的床边界。井下子组件还包含一个计算系统，它在井下执行计算，并在钻井作业期间将某些答案发送到井上。床边界信息用于沿着期望的井眼路径钻井井。井下计算系统将声学传感器测量与其他测量同时测量相关联，并将所选择的相关信息透视。井下计算系统包含基于床边界信息而更新的预定井剖面。该系统可以适于基于声传感器系统测量来校正或更新地震数据和偏移井数据。

8. 发明授权

US06581010B2 Semblance processing for an acoustic measurement-while-drilling system for imaging of formation boundaries 有权
公开(公告)号：US06581010B2
公开(公告)日：2003-06-17
申请号：US10190955
申请日：2002-07-08
申请人： Vladimir Dubinsky , James V. Leggett, III , Alexi Bolshakov
发明人： Vladimir Dubinsky , James V. Leggett, III , Alexi Bolshakov
IPC分类号： E21B4900
CPC分类号： E21B43/08 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/14 , G01V1/48
摘要： The present invention provides a system for drilling boreholes having a downhole subassembly which contains an acoustic measurement-while-drilling system. It uses the acoustic velocity through the formations surrounding the borehole and an acoustic transmitter and a set of receivers for determining the bed boundaries surrounding the borehole formation. An acoustic isolator on the tool may be used to attenuate body waves traveling between the transmitter and the receivers. Additional attenuation of the body waves is provided by a threshold filter based upon the absolute maximum of the received signals. Semblance of the data is determined in a slowness/intercept-time domain. Coherence and semblance filtering methods are used to differentiate between reflection signals and noise. The position and orientation of the bed boundary relative to the tool are determined. A further processing step uses the relative position and orientation determined for a number of tool positions to further discriminate against noise and obtain an absolute position and depth of the bed boundaries.

9. 发明授权

US06427124B1 Semblance processing for an acoustic measurement-while-drilling system for imaging of formation boundaries 有权
标题翻译：用于成像边界成像的声学测量同时钻孔系统的外观加工
公开(公告)号：US06427124B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-30
申请号：US09347754
申请日：1999-07-06
申请人： Vladimir Dubinsky , James V. Leggett, III , Alexi Bolshakov
发明人： Vladimir Dubinsky , James V. Leggett, III , Alexi Bolshakov
IPC分类号： G01V140
CPC分类号： E21B43/08 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/14 , G01V1/48
摘要： The present invention provides a system for drilling boreholes having a downhole subassembly which contains an acoustic measurement-while-drilling system. It uses the acoustic velocity through the formations surrounding the borehole and an acoustic transmitter and a set of receivers for determining the bed boundaries surrounding the borehole formation. An acoustic isolator on the tool may be used to attenuate body waves traveling between the transmitter and the receivers. Additional attenuation of the body waves is provided by a threshold filter based upon the absolute maximum of the received signals. Semblance of the data is determined in a slowness/intercept-time domain. Coherence and semblance filtering methods are used to differentiate between reflection signals and noise. The position and orientation of the bed boundary relative to the tool are determined. A further processing step uses the relative position and orientation determined for a number of tool positions to further discriminate against noise and obtain an absolute position and depth of the bed boundaries.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于钻孔的系统，其具有包含声学测量同时钻孔系统的井下子组件。它使用通过围绕钻孔的地层的声速和用于确定围绕钻孔地层的床边界的声发射器和一组接收器。工具上的声学隔离器可用于衰减在发射器和接收器之间传播的身体波。通过基于接收信号的绝对最大值的阈值滤波器来提供身体波的附加衰减。数据的相似性在慢/截取时域中确定。相干和相似滤波方法用于区分反射信号和噪声。确定床边界相对于工具的位置和方向。进一步的处理步骤使用为多个工具位置确定的相对位置和取向进一步区分噪声并获得床边界的绝对位置和深度。

10. 发明授权

US6023443A Semblance processing for an acoustic measurement-while-drilling system for imaging of formation boundaries 失效
标题翻译：用于成像边界成像的声学测量同时钻孔系统的外观加工
公开(公告)号：US6023443A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-08
申请号：US112255
申请日：1998-07-08
申请人： Vladimir Dubinsky , Alexei Bolshakov , James V. Leggett, III
发明人： Vladimir Dubinsky , Alexei Bolshakov , James V. Leggett, III
IPC分类号： E21B43/08 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/14 , G01V1/48 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： E21B43/08 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/14 , G01V1/48
摘要： The present invention provides a system for drilling boreholes having a downhole subassembly which contains an acoustic measurement-while-drilling system. It uses the acoustic velocity through the formations surrounding the borehole and an acoustic transmitter and a set of receivers for determining the bed boundaries surrounding the borehole formation. Semblance of the data is determined in a slowness/intercept-time domain. Coherence and semblance filtering methods are used to differentiate between reflection signals and noise. The position and orientation of the bed boundary relative to the tool are determined. A further processing step uses the relative position and orientation determined for a number of tool positions to further discriminate against noise and obtain an absolute position and depth of the bed boundaries.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于钻孔的系统，其具有包含声学测量同时钻孔系统的井下子组件。它使用通过围绕钻孔的地层的声速和用于确定围绕钻孔地层的床边界的声发射器和一组接收器。数据的相似性在慢/截取时域中确定。相干和相似滤波方法用于区分反射信号和噪声。确定床边界相对于工具的位置和方向。进一步的处理步骤使用为多个工具位置确定的相对位置和取向进一步区分噪声并获得床边界的绝对位置和深度。

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