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1. 发明授权

US07716672B2 Method and system for regulating background tasks using performance measurements 有权
标题翻译：使用性能测量来调整后台任务的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07716672B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US11009655
申请日：2004-12-10
申请人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky
发明人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky
IPC分类号： G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/4881
摘要： A method and system for regulating tasks of background processes so as to reduce interference with foreground processes. The progress rate of a background task (e.g., amount of work performed per unit time) is measured and evaluated against a target amount. If the progress rate appears degraded, the background task is suspended for a computed time interval so as to back off from its interference with a foreground process. Each time the progress rate appears degraded, the time interval is exponentially increased from its previous value up to a maximum, however if the performance appears normal, the time interval is reset to a minimum. Evaluation of the work is statistically based so as to eliminate variations in measurements, and automatic calibration of the target amount is provided, as is a mechanism for prioritizing multiple background tasks.
摘要翻译：一种用于调整后台进程任务的方法和系统，以减少对前台进程的干扰。根据目标量测量和评估后台任务的进度（例如，每单位时间执行的工作量）。如果进度速率出现降级，则后台任务将暂停计算的时间间隔，以避免其与前台进程的干扰。每次进度出现退化时，时间间隔从先前的值到最大值都呈指数级增长，但是如果性能出现正常，则时间间隔被重置为最小值。工作的评估是统计学的，以便消除测量中的变化，并且提供目标量的自动校准，以及用于优先考虑多个后台任务的机制。

2. 发明授权

US07574598B2 Identifying and coalescing identical objects encrypted with different keys 失效
标题翻译：识别和合并使用不同键加密的相同对象
公开(公告)号：US07574598B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-11
申请号：US11150801
申请日：2005-06-10
申请人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky , Marvin M. Theimer
发明人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky , Marvin M. Theimer
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L9/3236 , H04L9/3247 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99955
摘要： Cryptographic protocols and methods of employing the same are described. The described protocols advantageously enable two or more identical encryptable objects that are coded for encryption with different keys to be identified as identical without access to either the unencrypted objects or the keys that are used in the encryption process. Additionally, the protocols enable two or more identical encryptable objects to be processed with different encryption keys, yet be stored in a manner so that the total required storage space is proportional to the space that is required to store a single encryptable object, plus a constant amount for each distinct encryption key. In various embodiments, the encryptable objects comprise files and the cryptographic protocols enable encrypted files to be used in connection with single instance store (SIS) systems.
摘要翻译：描述了使用它们的密码协议和方法。所描述的协议有利地使得被编码用于具有不同密钥的加密的两个或更多个相同的可加密对象被识别为相同，而不访问加密过程中使用的未加密对象或密钥。另外，这些协议允许使用不同的加密密钥来处理两个或多个相同的可加密对象，但是以一定的方式存储，使得所需的总存储空间与存储单个可加密对象所需的空间成正比，加上常数每个不同加密密钥的数量。在各种实施例中，可加密对象包括文件，并且加密协议使加密文件能够与单实例存储（SIS）系统相关联使用。

3. 发明授权

US07401220B2 On-disk file format for a serverless distributed file system 有权
公开(公告)号：US07401220B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-15
申请号：US11014491
申请日：2004-12-16
申请人： William J. Bolosky , Gerald Cermak , Atul Adya , John R. Douceur
发明人： William J. Bolosky , Gerald Cermak , Atul Adya , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： H04L29/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30097 , G06F19/00 , H04L9/0656 , H04L9/3239 , H04L9/3249 , H04L2209/20 , H04L2209/38 , H04L2209/60
摘要： A file format for a serverless distributed file system is composed of two parts: a primary data stream and a metadata stream. The data stream contains a file that is divided into multiple blocks. Each block is encrypted using a hash of the block as the encryption key. The metadata stream contains a header, a structure for indexing the encrypted blocks in the primary data stream, and some user information. The indexing structure defines leaf nodes for each of the blocks. Each leaf node consists of an access value used for decryption of the associated block and a verification value used to verify the encrypted block independently of other blocks. In one implementation, the access value is formed by hashing the file block and encrypting the resultant hash value using a randomly generated key. The key is then encrypted using the user's key as the encryption key. The verification value is formed by hashing the associated encrypted block using a one-way hash function. The file format supports verification of individual file blocks without knowledge of the randomly generated key or any user keys. To verify a block of the file, the file system traverses the tree to the appropriate leaf node associated with a target block to be verified. The file system hashes the target block and if the hash matches the access value contained in the leaf node, the block is authentic.

4. 发明授权

US07310644B2 Locating potentially identical objects across multiple computers 有权
标题翻译：在多个计算机上定位潜在的相同对象
公开(公告)号：US07310644B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-18
申请号：US09876377
申请日：2001-06-06
申请人： Atul Adya , William J. Bolosky , John R. Douceur , Marvin M. Theimer
发明人： Atul Adya , William J. Bolosky , John R. Douceur , Marvin M. Theimer
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30156
摘要： Potentially identical objects (such as files) across multiple computers are located. In one embodiment, a computer generates object information for an object stored on the computer. The object information can be generated in a variety of manners (e.g., based on hashing the object, based on characteristics of the object, and so forth). The object information is then transferred to one or more database server computers, where the object information can be compared to object information from other computers to determine whether the object is potentially identical to another object on one of the other computers.
摘要翻译：位于多个计算机上的潜在相同对象（如文件）。在一个实施例中，计算机生成存储在计算机上的对象的对象信息。可以以各种方式生成对象信息（例如，基于对象的散列，基于对象的特征等）。然后将对象信息传送到一个或多个数据库服务器计算机，其中可以将对象信息与来自其他计算机的对象信息进行比较，以确定对象是否与其他计算机之一上的另一个对象潜在地相同。

5. 发明授权

US06983365B1 Encryption systems and methods for identifying and coalescing identical objects encrypted with different keys 失效
标题翻译：用于识别和合并用不同密钥加密的相同对象的加密系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06983365B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-03
申请号：US09565821
申请日：2000-05-05
申请人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky , Marvin M. Theimer
发明人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky , Marvin M. Theimer
IPC分类号： H04L9/00
CPC分类号： H04L9/3236 , H04L9/3247 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99955
摘要： Cryptographic protocols and methods of employing the same are described. The described protocols advantageously enable two or more identical encryptable objects that are coded for encryption with different keys to be identified as identical without access to either the unencrypted objects or the keys that are used in the encryption process. Additionally, the protocols enable two or more identical encryptable objects to be processed with different encryption keys, yet be stored in a manner so that the total required storage space is proportional to the space that is required to store a single encryptable object, plus a constant amount for each distinct encryption key. In various embodiments, the encryptable objects comprise files and the cryptographic protocols enable encrypted files to be used in connection with single instance store (SIS) systems.
摘要翻译：描述了使用它们的密码协议和方法。所描述的协议有利地使得被编码用于具有不同密钥的加密的两个或更多个相同的可加密对象被识别为相同，而不访问加密过程中使用的未加密对象或密钥。另外，这些协议允许使用不同的加密密钥来处理两个或多个相同的可加密对象，但是以一定的方式存储，使得所需的总存储空间与存储单个可加密对象所需的空间成正比，加上常数每个不同加密密钥的数量。在各种实施例中，可加密对象包括文件，并且加密协议使加密文件能够与单实例存储（SIS）系统相关联使用。

6. 发明授权

US6134596A Continuous media file server system and method for scheduling network resources to play multiple files having different data transmission rates 失效
标题翻译：连续媒体文件服务器系统和方法，用于调度网络资源，播放具有不同数据传输速率的多个文件
公开(公告)号：US6134596A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US934972
申请日：1997-09-18
申请人： William J. Bolosky , John R. Douceur
发明人： William J. Bolosky , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04L29/06 , H04L29/08 , H04N21/21 , H04N21/23 , G06F15/16 , G06F15/167
CPC分类号： H04L65/4084 , H04L29/06 , H04L49/90 , H04L67/1097 , H04L67/325 , H04L69/329 , H04N21/21 , H04N21/23 , H04L29/06027
摘要： A continuous media file server system has a controller connected to multiple data servers. Each data server supports at least one storage disk. Data files are distributed across the data servers so that data blocks of the data files are stored on each of the storage disks. The data files have different data transmission rates at which they are served over a network to clients in the form of data streams. A scheduling unit maintains a network schedule that provides a relative ordering of transmission times of requested data streams. The transmission times indicate when the data servers are to transmit corresponding data blocks of the requested data files over the network to stream the data to clients. The block play times for all data files have a fixed duration, with the size of the data blocks from data file to data file varying according to the data transmission rates of the files. When a transmission time for a data file block approaches, the scheduling unit instructs the appropriate data server to read a data block for that data file from the disk prior to the transmission time in the network schedule. In this manner, disk reads are scheduled implicitly according to the network schedule. The data is temporarily stored in buffer memory, and later transmitted over the network. When a request for a new data stream is received, the scheduling unit evaluates whether the new data stream can be inserted into the network schedule without overburdening the data servers' ability to serve the existing data streams on the network schedule.
摘要翻译：连续的媒体文件服务器系统具有连接到多个数据服务器的控制器。每个数据服务器至少支持一个存储磁盘。数据文件分布在数据服务器上，使数据文件的数据块存储在每个存储磁盘上。数据文件具有不同的数据传输速率，它们以数据流的形式通过网络向客户端提供服务。调度单元维护提供所请求数据流的传输时间的相对排序的网络调度。传输时间表示数据服务器何时通过网络传输所请求的数据文件的相应数据块，以将数据流传输到客户端。所有数据文件的块播放时间具有固定的持续时间，数据块的数据块的大小根据文件的数据传输速率而变化。当数据文件块的传输时间接近时，调度单元指示适当的数据服务器在网络调度中的发送时间之前从盘读取该数据文件的数据块。以这种方式，磁盘读取根据网络调度隐含调度。数据临时存储在缓冲存储器中，然后通过网络传输。当接收到对新的数据流的请求时，调度单元评估新数据流是否可以被插入到网络调度中，而不会使数据服务器在网络调度上服务于现有数据流的能力过高。

7. 发明授权

US08010498B2 Virtually infinite reliable storage across multiple storage devices and storage services 有权
标题翻译：几乎无限可靠的存储跨多个存储设备和存储服务
公开(公告)号：US08010498B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-30
申请号：US11101610
申请日：2005-04-08
申请人： Alexander G. Gounares , Ashok Kuppusamy , Dan Teodosiu , Raymond E. Endres , William J. Bolosky , John R. Douceur
发明人： Alexander G. Gounares , Ashok Kuppusamy , Dan Teodosiu , Raymond E. Endres , William J. Bolosky , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/00 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F9/38 , G06F11/2094
摘要： A logical file system that distributes copies of files across various different physical storage resources yet provides a consistent view to the user of his or her data, regardless of which machine the user is accessing the files from, and even when the user's computer is offline. The distributed file system uses smart data redundancy to enable a virtually infinite amount of storage as long as additional storage resources are made available to the distributed file system. The result is a reliable storage system that does not necessarily tie the user's data to the user's particular computer. Instead, the user's data is associated with the user—for life—or for however long the user would like the data to be maintained, regardless of whether the user's computer or data storage components are replaced or destroyed.
摘要翻译：分配不同物理存储资源的文件副本的逻辑文件系统，但是为用户提供一致的视图，无论用户正在从哪个机器访问文件，甚至当用户的计算机脱机时也是如此。只要额外的存储资源可用于分布式文件系统，分布式文件系统使用智能数据冗余来实现几乎无限量的存储。结果是可靠的存储系统不一定将用户的数据与用户的特定计算机相结合。相反，无论用户的计算机或数据存储组件是否被更换或销毁，用户的数据都会与用户生活相关联 - 或者长时间用户希望维护数据。

8. 发明授权

US07765553B2 Method and system for regulating background tasks using performance measurements 失效
公开(公告)号：US07765553B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-27
申请号：US11010471
申请日：2004-12-13
申请人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky
发明人： John R. Douceur , William J. Bolosky
IPC分类号： G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/4881
摘要： A method and system for regulating tasks of background processes so as to reduce interference with foreground processes. The progress rate of a background task (e.g., amount of work performed per unit time) is measured and evaluated against a target amount. If the progress rate appears degraded, the background task is suspended for a computed time interval so as to back off from its interference with a foreground process. Each time the progress rate appears degraded, the time interval is exponentially increased from its previous value up to a maximum, however if the performance appears normal, the time interval is reset to a minimum. Evaluation of the work is statistically based so as to eliminate variations in measurements, and automatic calibration of the target amount is provided, as is a mechanism for prioritizing multiple background tasks.

9. 发明授权

US07539867B2 On-disk file format for a serverless distributed file system 有权
公开(公告)号：US07539867B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-26
申请号：US11014317
申请日：2004-12-16
申请人： William J. Bolosky , Gerald Cermak , Atul Adya , John R. Douceur
发明人： William J. Bolosky , Gerald Cermak , Atul Adya , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F11/30 , H04K1/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30097 , G06F19/00 , H04L9/0656 , H04L9/3239 , H04L9/3249 , H04L2209/20 , H04L2209/38 , H04L2209/60
摘要： A file format for a serverless distributed file system is composed of two parts: a primary data stream and a metadata stream. The data stream contains a file that is divided into multiple blocks. Each block is encrypted using a hash of the block as the encryption key. The metadata stream contains a header, a structure for indexing the encrypted blocks in the primary data stream, and some user information. The indexing structure defines leaf nodes for each of the blocks. Each leaf node consists of an access value used for decryption of the associated block and a verification value used to verify the encrypted block independently of other blocks. In one implementation, the access value is formed by hashing the file block and encrypting the resultant hash value using a randomly generated key. The key is then encrypted using the user's key as the encryption key. The verification value is formed by hashing the associated encrypted block using a one-way hash function. The file format supports verification of individual file blocks without knowledge of the randomly generated key or any user keys. To verify a block of the file, the file system traverses the tree to the appropriate leaf node associated with a target block to be verified. The file system hashes the target block and if the hash matches the access value contained in the leaf node, the block is authentic.

10. 发明申请

US20090132552A1 Serverless Distributed File System 有权
标题翻译：无服务器分布式文件系统
公开(公告)号：US20090132552A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-21
申请号：US12361678
申请日：2009-01-29
申请人： Atul Adya , William J. Bolosky , Gerald Cermak , John R. Douceur , Marvin M. Theimer , Roger P. Wattenhofer
发明人： Atul Adya , William J. Bolosky , Gerald Cermak , John R. Douceur , Marvin M. Theimer , Roger P. Wattenhofer
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F12/02 , H04L9/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30094 , G06F17/30171 , G06F17/30899 , G06F2201/825 , H04L63/0823 , H04L63/123 , Y10S707/956 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99938
摘要： A serverless distributed file system manages the storage of files and directories using one or more directory groups. The directories may be managed using Byzantine-fault-tolerant groups, whereas files are managed without using Byzantine-fault-tolerant groups. Additionally, the file system may employ a hierarchical namespace to store files. Furthermore, the directory group may employ a plurality of locks to control access to objects (e.g., files and directories) in each directory.
摘要翻译：无服务器分布式文件系统使用一个或多个目录组来管理文件和目录的存储。可以使用拜占庭容错组来管理目录，而不使用拜占庭容错组来管理文件。此外，文件系统可以使用分层命名空间来存储文件。此外，目录组可以使用多个锁来控制对每个目录中的对象（例如，文件和目录）的访问。

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